만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자에서 Tiotropium 1일 1회, 1회 18㎍ 요법과 Ipratropium 1일 4회, 1회 40㎍ 요법의 치료효과 및 안전성 비교

A Comparison of Tiotropium 18㎍, Once Daily and Ipratropium 40㎍, 4 Times Daily in a Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Efficacy and Safety Study in Adults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

  • Kim, Seung Joon (Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University) ;
  • Kim, Myung Sook (Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University) ;
  • Lee, Sang Haak (Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University) ;
  • Kim, Young Kyoon (Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University) ;
  • Moon, Hwa Sik (Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University) ;
  • Park, Sung Hak (Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University) ;
  • Lee, Sang Yeub (Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • In, Kwang Ho (Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Chang Youl (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Young Sam (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Hyung Jung (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University) ;
  • Ahn, Chul Min (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Sung Kyu (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Kyung Rok (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook University) ;
  • Cha, Seung Ick (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook University) ;
  • Jung, Tae Hoon (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook University) ;
  • Kim, Mi Ok (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University) ;
  • Park, Sung Soo (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University) ;
  • Choi, Cheon Woong (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Yoo, Jee Hong (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kang, Hong Mo (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Koh, Won Jung (Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Ham, Hyoung Suk (Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Kang, Eun Hae (Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Kwon, O Jung (Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Lee, Yang Deok (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk University) ;
  • Lee, Heung Bum (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk University) ;
  • Lee, Yong Chul (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk University) ;
  • Rhee, Yang Keun (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk University) ;
  • Shin, Won Hyuk (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul University) ;
  • Kwon, Sung Yeon (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul University) ;
  • Kim, Woo Jin (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul University) ;
  • Yoo, Chul Gyu (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul University) ;
  • Kim, Young Whan (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul University) ;
  • Shim, Young Soo (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul University) ;
  • Han, Sung Koo (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul University) ;
  • Park, Hye Kyung (Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan University) ;
  • Kim, Yun Seong (Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan University) ;
  • Lee, Min Ki (Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan University) ;
  • Park, Soon Kew (Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan University) ;
  • Kim, Mi Hye (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Wonju University) ;
  • Lee, Won Yeon (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Wonju University) ;
  • Yong, Suk Joong (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Wonju University) ;
  • Shin, Kye Chul (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Wonju University) ;
  • Choi, Byoung Whui (Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University) ;
  • Oh, Yeon Mok (Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University) ;
  • Lim, Chae Man (Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University) ;
  • Lee, Sang Do (Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University) ;
  • Kim, Woo Sung (Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University) ;
  • Kim, Dong Soon (Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University) ;
  • Jung, Sung Soo (Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam University) ;
  • Kim, Ju Ock (Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam University) ;
  • Ko, Young Chun (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam University)
  • 투고 : 2005.04.14
  • 심사 : 2005.05.06
  • 발행 : 2005.05.30

초록

연구배경 : 본 연구는 COPD환자를 대상으로 기관지확장제인 tiotropium 1일 1회, 1회 1캅셀 $18{\mu}g$과 ipratropium 1일 4회, 1회 2퍼프(퍼프당 $20{\mu}g$)의 유효성 및 안전성을 비교 평가하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 초기 선별방문 후, 환자는 2주간의 관찰기간에 들어갔으며, 이 기간을 마친 환자는 이중맹검, 무작위배정 하에 위약과 함께 1일 1회 tiotropium 또는 1일 4회 ipratropium을 투여 받았다. 유효성평가는 폐기능검사, 일중 PEFR측정, 환자평가 설문조사, 보조치료약물(살부타몰) 사용량으로 하였다. 폐기능검사는 치료시작 시(0일), 치료 14일후와 치료종료 시(28일)에 하였는데, 이때 투약 5분 전, 투약 후 30분, 60분, 120분 및 180분에 시행하였다. 결 과 : 16개 기관에서 134명의 환자가 분석되었다. 환자의 평균 (표준편차) 나이는 66 (7)세이었고 $FEV_1$은 예측치의 42 (12)%였다. 4주 치료 후 trough $FEV_1$ 반응은 ipratropium군에 비해 tiotropium군에서 유의하게 높았으며 PEFR경우에도 4주 동안 지속적으로 아침 흡입 전 측정한 PEFR이 tiotropium군에서 높게 나타났다(차이: 12.52-13.88 l/min). 4주 치료 기간동안 tiotropium은 좋은 내약성과 함께, ipratropium과 유사한 안전성을 나타냈다. 결 론 : 1일 1회 흡입용 항콜린제제인 tiotropium이 1일 4회 흡입용제제인 ipratropium에 비해 COPD환자를 치료하는데 더 우수한 기관지확장 반응을 보여주었고 안전성에서는 유사하였다.

Background : This study compared the bronchodilator efficacy and safety of tiotropium inhalation capsules ($18{\mu}g$ once daily) with a ipratropium metered dose inhaler (2 puffs of $20{\mu}g$ q.i.d.) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Method : After the initial screening assessment and a two-week run-in period, patients received either tiotropium $18{\mu}g$ once daily or ipratropium $40{\mu}g$ four times daily over a period of 4 weeks in a double blind, double dummy, parallel group study. The outcome measures were the lung function, the daily records of the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), the patients' questionnaire, and the use of concomitant salbutamol. The forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$) and the forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured 5 minutes before inhalation, and 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 hours after inhaling the study drug on days 0, 14 and 28. Result : In 16 centers, 134 patients with a mean (SD) age of 66 (7) years and a predicted $FEV_1$ of 42 (12)% were analyzed. The trough $FEV_1$ response was significantly higher in the tiotropium group than in the ipratropium group after a four-week treatment period. The weekly mean morning PEFR of the tiotropium group was consistently higher than that of the ipratropium group during the 4-week treatment period with differences ranging from 12.52 to 13.88 l/min, which were statistically significant. Tiotropium was well tolerated by the COPD patients during the 4-week treatment period and had a similar safety profile to ipratropium. Conclusion : This study shows that tiotropium administrated once daily has a superior bronchodilator effect with a similar safety profile in treating COPD patients compared with ipratropium, inhaled four times daily.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. American Thoracic Society Statement. Standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995;152:S77-S120
  2. Siafakas NM, Vermeire P, Pride NB, Paoletti P, Gibson J, Howard P, et al. Optimal assessment and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eur Respir J 1995;8:1398-420 https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.95.08081398
  3. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (executive summary). Bethesda, MD:National Institutes of Health; 2001
  4. Matera MG, Cazzola M, Vinciguerra A, di Perna F, Calderaro F, Caputi M, et al. A comparison of the bronchodilating effects of salmeterol, salbutamol and ipratropium bromide in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pulm Pharmacol 1995;8:267-71 https://doi.org/10.1006/pulp.1995.1036
  5. Mahler DA, Donohue JF, Barbee RA, Goldman MD, Gross NJ, Wisniewski ME, et al. Efficacy of salmeterol xinafoate in the treatment of COPD. Chest 1999;115:957-65 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.115.4.957
  6. Rennard SI, Anderson W, ZuWallack R, Broughton J, Bailey W, Friedman M, et al. Use of a longacting inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist, salmeterol xinafoate, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;163:1087-92 https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.163.5.9903053
  7. LeDoux EJ, Morris JF, Temple WP, Duncan C. Standard and double dose ipratropium bromide and combined ipratropium bromide and inhaled metaproterenol in COPD. Chest 1989;95:1013-6 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.95.5.1013
  8. Gross NJ, Skorodin MS. Role of the parasympathetic system in airway obstruction due to emphysema. N Engl J Med 1984;311:421-5 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198408163110701
  9. Gross NJ, Skorodin MS. Anticholinergic, antimuscarinic bronchodilators. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984;129:856-70. https://doi.org/10.1164/arrd.1984.129.5.856
  10. Gross NJ. Ipratropium bromide. N Engl J Med 1988;319:486-94 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198808253190806
  11. Maesen FP, Smeets JJ, Sledsens TJ, Wald FD, Cornelissen PJ. Tiotropium bromide, a new longacting antimuscarinic bronchodilator: a pharmaco-dynamic study in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eur Respir J 1995;8:1506-13
  12. Barnes PJ, Belvisi MG, Mak JC, Haddad EB, O'Connor B. Tiotropium bromide (Ba 679 Br), a novel long-acting muscarinic antagonist for the treatment of obstructive airways disease. Life Sci 1995;56:853-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(95)00020-7
  13. Disse B, Speck GA, Rominger KL, Witek TJ Jr, Hammer R. Tiotropium (Spiriva): mechanistical considerations and clinical profile in obstructive lung disease. Life Sci 1999;64:457-64 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(98)00588-8
  14. Littner MR, Ilowite JS, Tashkin DP, Friedman M, Serby CW, Menjoge SS, et al. Long-acting bronchodilation with once daily dosing of tiotropium (Spiriva) in stable COPD. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;161:1136-42 https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.161.4.9903044
  15. Casaburi R, Briggs DD Jr, Donohue JF, Serby CW, Menjoge SS, Witek TJ Jr. The spirometric efficacy of once-daily dosing with tiotropium in stable COPD:a 13-week multicenter trial. Chest 2000;118:1294-302 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.118.5.1294
  16. Guyatt GH, Berman LB, Townsend M, Pugsley SO, Chambers LW. A measure of quality of life for clinical trials in chronic lung disease. Thorax 1987;42:773-8 https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.42.10.773
  17. Donohue JF, van Noord JA, Bateman ED, Langley SJ, Lee A, Witek TJ Jr, et al. A 6-month, placebocontrolled study comparing lung function and health status changes in COPD patients treated with tiotropium or salmeterol. Chest 2002;122:47-55 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.122.1.47
  18. Bhagat R, Kalra S, Swystun VA, Cockcroft DW. Rapid onset of tolerance to the bronchoprotective effect of salmeterol. Chest 1995;108:1235-9 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.108.5.1235
  19. Giannini D, di Franco A, Bacci E, Dente FL, Bartoli ML, Vagaggini B, et al. Tolerance to the protective effect of salmeterol on allergen challenge can be partially restored by the withdrawal of salmeterol regular treatment. Chest 2001;119:1671-5 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.119.6.1671
  20. Vincken W, van Noord JA, Greefhorst AP, Bantje TA, Kesten S, Korducki L, et al. Improved health outcomes in patients with COPD during 1 yr's treatment with tiotropium. Eur Respir J 2002;19:209-16 https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.02.00238702
  21. van Noord JA, Bantje TA, Eland ME, Korducki L, Cornelissen PJ. A randomised controlled comparison of tiotropium and ipratropium in the treatment of COPD. Thorax 2000;55:289-94 https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax.55.4.289