A Trend in Acquired Drug Resistances of Tuberculosis Patients Registered in Health Centers from 1981 to 2004

1981년부터 2004년까지 보건소 재치료 결핵 환자의 항결핵제 내성률 추이

  • Chang, Chulhun L. (Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Eun Yup (Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Park, Soon Kew (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jeong, Seok Hoon (Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University) ;
  • Park, Young Kil (Korean Institute of Tuberculosis, The Korean National Tuberculosis Association) ;
  • Choi, Yong Woon (Korean Institute of Tuberculosis, The Korean National Tuberculosis Association) ;
  • Kim, Hee Jin (Korean Institute of Tuberculosis, The Korean National Tuberculosis Association) ;
  • Lew, Woo Jin (Korean Institute of Tuberculosis, The Korean National Tuberculosis Association) ;
  • Bai, Gill-Han (Korean Institute of Tuberculosis, The Korean National Tuberculosis Association)
  • 장철훈 (부산대학교 의과대학 진단검사의학교실) ;
  • 이은엽 (부산대학교 의과대학 진단검사의학교실) ;
  • 박순규 (부산대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 정석훈 (고신대학교 의과대학 진단검사의학교실) ;
  • 박영길 (대한결핵협회 결핵연구원) ;
  • 최용운 (대한결핵협회 결핵연구원) ;
  • 김희진 (대한결핵협회 결핵연구원) ;
  • 류우진 (대한결핵협회 결핵연구원) ;
  • 배길한 (대한결핵협회 결핵연구원)
  • Received : 2005.09.07
  • Accepted : 2005.10.24
  • Published : 2005.12.30

Abstract

Background : The drug resistance rate in tuberculosis patients with history of chemotherapy is an important indicator of for evaluation of appropriateness of treatment regimens and compliance of patients. This study examined the long-term changes in the drug resistance rates among TB patients failed in treatment or reactivated. Methods : The results of drug susceptibility testing data from patients registered in health centers from 1981 to 2004 were analyzed. Results : The rate of resistance to isoniazid decreased from 90% to 20%, and the resistance to ethambutol decreased from 45% to 6%. The rate of resistance to rifampicin varied from 13% to 28% and the resistance to pyrazinamide was 5% to 10%. Multidrug resistance was about 2-3% lower than any rifampicin resistance rates. The second-line drug resistance was ranged from 1% to 3%. There was no difference between patients' genders. Patient numbers per 100,000 population increased with age. The regional distribution was even at 4-6 patients per 100,000 population, and drug resistance rates were significantly lower in big city areas than in small towns and rural areas. Conclusion : The rates of resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from TB patients with history of chemotherapy to isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and isoniazid plus rifampin were significantly decreased during over two decades.

연구배경 : 치료 경력이 있는 환자의 약제 내성은 진료의사의 처방의 적절성 및 환자의 복용 순응도를 복합적으로 나타내어 주는 지표가 될 수 있으므로, 우리나라에서 재치료 대상 결핵 환자에서 장기간의 약제내성률 추이를 파악하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 연도별 보건소 등록환자의 약제감수성 검사 결과 및 결핵연구원의 전산 입력된 자료를 활용하여 1981년부터 2004년 사이에 주요 약제에 대한 내성률의 변화를 분석하였다. 결 과 : Isoniazid 내성은 90%에서 20%로 감소하였다. Ethambutol 내성률도 45%에서 6%로 감소하였다. Rifampin 내성률은 13%에서 28%까지 증가하다가 13%까지 감소하였다. 다제내성률은 rifampin 내성률보다 약 2-3% 낮았다. Pyrazinamide 내성률은 5% 미만에서 10% 정도까지 증가하였다가 다시 5%까지 감소하였다. 2차약제에 대한 내성률은 1-2% 정도였다. 내성 빈도는 남녀 간에 차이가 없었으며, 대도시 지역이 중소도시/농촌지역보다 낮은 약제 내성률을 보였다. 결 론 : 우리나라보건소에 등록되는 재치료 대상 결핵 환자의 주요 항결핵 약제에 대한 내성률은 2004년을 기준으로 isoniazid 20%, rifampin 13%, 다제내성 11%, ethambutol 6%, pyrazinamide 5% 기타 2차 항결핵제에 1-3%로 나타났으며 1981년 이후 모든 항결핵 약제에서 그 내성률이 유의하게 감소하고 있었다.

Keywords

References

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