Factors Associated with Burnout of Nurses Working for Cancer Patients

말기 암 환자 간호사의 직무소진 관련 요인 분석

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors surrounding burnout of nurses caring for cancer patients. Methods: The sample of this study was conveniently selected among nurses who had hospice care experiences working in General Hospitals located in Seoul. This study was conducted by a self-administered questionnaire. Two hundred forty four questionnaires were retrieved and the response rate was 81.3%. The period of data collection was from February 25th to March 5th in 1994. Mean, standard deviation, T-test ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis were performed for statistical analysis. Results: The data showed that respondents reported to have burnout as many as 2.71 out of a 5.0 score. Bivariate analyses indicated that those who had hospice education reported to have a lower burnout than those without hospice education. Multivariate regression analyses revealed factors associated with burnout the nurses have had. They include being a Christian, higher job satisfaction, and experiences of hospice education. Hospice education reducing burnout for the nurses was observed by hierarchial multiple regression analyses, after controlling out the effect of coping methods, sociodemographic characteristics, job satisfaction, and job-related stresses on experience of burnout. This observation was not hue for physical and psychological burnout but for burnout in general and emotional one. But this was not confirmed among the nurses with type A personality. Conclusion: The findings of this study have a weakness in generalizability due to the sampling methodology used in this study. However, for the better hospice care further research with a probability sampling method are necessary.

목적: 말기 암 환자 간호사의 직무소진에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하여 말기 암 환자들에 대한 최적의 간호수준을 유지하기 위한 소진예방 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 방법: 편의표집방법에 의해 말기 암 환자 간호경험이 있는 300명의 간호사를 대상으로 자 기기입식 설문지를 통해 조사하였다. 평균, 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, 다중회귀분석 등이 수집된 자료 분석을 위해 실시되었다. 결과: 전체 응답자의 소진평균은 2.71로 높지 않은 편이었으며 소진유형별로는 신체적 소진이 가장 높았다. 연령과 근무연한이 신체적 소진과, 연령, 근무연한 및 호스피스교육 유무가 정서적 소진에서, 연령 및 종교가 정신적 소진에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타낸 변수였다. 다중회귀분석결과 종교, 병동만족도 호스피스교육이 전체 소진을 설명하는 변수였으며 소진유형을 설명하는 변수에는 약간 차이가 있었다. 결론: 연구 결과를 일반화할 수 있는 연구방법 및 한국적 현실에 적합한 변수 및 세부 소진 영역을 보완한 후속연구가 요구된다.