Steel and Composite Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis and design for stability in the U.S. - An overview

  • Lui, Eric M. (Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University) ;
  • Ge, Ma (Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University)
  • Received : 2004.07.13
  • Accepted : 2004.11.15
  • Published : 2005.04.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper describes the theoretical background and underlying principles behind the American Institute of Steel Construction Load and Resistance Factor Design (AISC LRFD) Specification for the analysis and stability design of steel frames. Various analysis procedures that can take into consideration the effects of member instability, frame instability, member-frame interaction, geometric imperfections, and inelasticity are reviewed. Design approaches by which these factors can be incorporated in the design of steel moment frames are addressed. Current specification guidelines for member and frame design in the U.S. are summarized. Examples are given to illustrate the validity of the design equations. Some future directions for the analysis and stability design of steel frames are discussed.

Keywords

References

  1. Adams, P.F. (1974), The Design of Steel Beam-Columns. Canadian Steel Industries Construction Council, Willowdale, Ontario, Canada.
  2. ASCE (1971), Plastic Design in Steel - A Guide and Commentary. Manual No. 41, ASCE, New York, NY.
  3. ASCE (1997), Effective Length and Notional Load Approaches for Assessing Frame Stability: Implication for American Steel Design. Technical Committee on Load and Resistance Factor Design, Task Committee on Effective Length, ASCE, Reston, VA.
  4. Attalla, M.R. (1995),"Inelastic torsional-flexural behavior and the three-dimensional analysis of steel frames", Ph.D. Thesis, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
  5. Attalla, M.R., Deierlein, G.G. and McGuire, W. (1993),"Spread of plasticity: Quasi-plastic hinge approach", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 120(8), 2451-2473. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:8(2451)
  6. CEN (1992), ENV 1993-1-1 Eurocode 3, Design of Steel Structures, Part 1-1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels.
  7. Bjorhovde, R. (1972),"Deterministic and probabilistic approaches to the strength of steel columns", Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA.
  8. Bradford, M. A. (2005),"Pertinent issues on the strength design of steel structures to AS4100-1998", Steel and Composite Structures, 5(2-3), 87-101. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2005.5.2_3.087
  9. Chan, S.L. and Zhou, Z.H. (1994),"A pointwise equilibrium polynomial (PEP) element for nonlinear analysis of frames", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 120(6), 1703-1717. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:6(1703)
  10. Chen, W.F. and Atsuta, T. (1976), Theory of Beam-Columns; Vol. 1, In-Plane Behavior and Design. McGraw- Hill, New York, NY.
  11. Chen, W.F. and Lui, E.M. (1987), Structural Stability - Theory and Implementation. Elsevier, NY.
  12. Chen, W.F. and Lui, E.M. (1991), Stability Design of Steel Frames. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
  13. Chen, W.F. and Sohal, I. (1995), Plastic Design and Second-Order Analysis of Steel Frames. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY.
  14. Chen, W.F. and White, D.W., Editors, (1993), Plastic Hinge Based Methods for Advanced Analysis and Design of Steel Frames, An Assessment of the State-of-the-Art. SSRC, Bethlehem, PA.
  15. Chen, W.F. and Toma, S., Editors, (1994), Advanced Analysis of Steel Frames - Theory, Software, and Applications. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
  16. Chen, W.F., Goto, Y., and Liew, J.Y.R. (1996), Stability Design of Semi-Rigid Frames. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
  17. Chen, W.F. and Kim, S.-E. (1997), LRFD Steel Design Using Advanced Analysis. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
  18. Clarke, M.J. (1994),"Plastic zone analysis of frames", in Advanced Analysis of Steel Frames - Theory, Software, and Applications. Chen, W.F. and Toma, S., Editors, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 259-319.
  19. Code (2000), Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges. AISC, Chicago, IL.
  20. Duan, L. and Chen, W.F. (1989),"Design interaction equation for steel beam-columns", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 115(5), 1225-1243. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1989)115:5(1225)
  21. Gallagher, R.H. and Padlog, J. (1963),"Discrete element approach for structural instability analysis", AIAA J., 1(6), 1437-1439. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.1825
  22. Hsieh, S.-H., Deierlein, G.G., McGuire, W. and Abel, J.F. (1989),"Technical manual for CU-STAND", Struct. Engrg. Report No. 89-13, School of Civil and Environmental Engrg., Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
  23. Kanchanalai, T. (1977),"The design and behavior of beam-columns in unbraced steel frames", AISA Project No. 189, Report No. 2, Civil Engineering/Structures Research Laboratory, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX.
  24. Kim, S.-E. and Chen, W.F. (1996a),"Practical advanced analysis for braced steel frame design", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 122(11), 1266-1274. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1996)122:11(1266)
  25. Kim, S.-E. and Chen, W.F. (1996b),"Practical advanced analysis for unbraced steel frame design", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 122(11), 1259-1265. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1996)122:11(1259)
  26. King, W.S. and Chen, W.F. (1994),"Practical second-order inelastic analysis of semi-rigid frames", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 120(7), 2156-2175. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:7(2156)
  27. Li, Y.-H. and Lui, E.M. (1995),"A simplified plastic zone method for frame analysis", Microcomputers in Civil Engineering, 10, 51-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8667.1995.tb00385.x
  28. Liapunov, S. (1974),"Ultimate strength of multistory steel rigid frames", J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 100(8), 1643-1655.
  29. Liew, J.Y.R. (1992),"Advanced analysis for frame design", Ph.D. Thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
  30. Liew, J.Y.R., White, D.W. and Chen, W.F. (1991),"Beam-column design in steel frameworks - insights on current methods and trends", J. Constructional Steel Research, 18(4), 269-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-974X(91)90009-P
  31. Liew, J.Y.R., White, D.W. and Chen, W.F. (1993),"Second-order refined plastic hinge analysis for frame design: Parts 1 & 2", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 119(11), 3196-3237. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:11(3196)
  32. Liew, J.Y.R., White, D.W., and Chen, W.F. (1994),"Notional load plastic hinge method for frame design", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 120(5), 1434-1454. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:5(1434)
  33. LRFD (1999), Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, 3rd edition, AISC, Chicago, IL.
  34. LRFD (2003), Draft Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, AISC, Chicago, IL.
  35. Lui, E.M. (1988),"A practical P-delta analysis method for type FR and PR frames", Eng. J., AISC, 25(3), 3rd Quarter, 85-98. Discussion/Addendum/Closure, 27(1), 1st Quarter, 34-35, 38.
  36. Lui, E.M. and Zhang, C.-Y. (1990),"Nonlinear frame analysis by the pseudo load method", Comput. Struct., 37(5), 707-716. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(90)90099-N
  37. Lui, E.M. (1992),"Geometrical imperfections on inelastic frame behavior", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 118(5), 1408-1415. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:5(1408)
  38. Marsden, J. and Hughes, T. (1983), Mathematical Foundations of Elasticity, Prentice-Hall, NJ.
  39. McGuire, W., Gallagher, R.H. and Ziemian, R.D. (2000), Matrix Structural Analysis, 2nd edition, John Wiley and Sons, NY.
  40. Nethercot, D. A. and Gardner L. (2005),"The EC3 approach to the design of columns, beams and beamcolumns", Steel and Composite Structures, 5(2-3), 127-140. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2005.5.2_3.127
  41. Nixon, D., Beaulieu, D. and Adam, P.F. (1975),"Simplified second-order frame analysis", Canadian J. Civil Engineering, 2(4), 602-605. https://doi.org/10.1139/l75-055
  42. Nukala, P. (1997),"Three-dimensional second-order inelastic analysis of steel frames", Doctoral Dissertation, School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN.
  43. Orbison, J.O., McGuire, W. and Abel, J.F. (1982),"Yield surface application in nonlinear steel frame analysis", Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 33, 557-573. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7825(82)90122-0
  44. Powell, G.H. and Chen, P.F.-S., (1986),"3D beam-column element with generalized plastic hinges", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 112(7), 627-641.
  45. Rutenberg, A. (1981),"A direct P-delta analysis using standard plane frame computer programs", Comput. Struct., 14(1-2), 97-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(81)90088-2
  46. Stafford Smith, B. and Gaiotti, R. (1988),"Iterative gravity load method for P-delta analysis", Structural Engineering Report No. 88-4, Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
  47. Sudhakar, A. (1972),"ULARC - Computer program for small displacement elasto plastic analysis of plane steel and reinforced concrete frames", Report No. CE/299-561, Department of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA.
  48. Taucer, F., Spacone, E., and Fillipou, F. (1991),"A fiber beam-column element for seismic response analysis of reinforced concrete structures", Report No.UCB/EERC-91/17, University of California-Berkeley, CA.
  49. Tide, R.H.R. (1985),"Reasonable column design equations." Proceedings, Annual Technical Session of Structural Stability Research Council. April 16-17, Cleveland, OH, 47-55.
  50. Vogel, U. (1985),"Calibrating frames", Stahlbau, 54(10), 295-301.
  51. White, D.W. (1993),"Plastic hinge methods for advanced analysis of steel frames", J. Constructional Steel Research, 24(2), 121-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-974X(93)90059-2
  52. Zhao, Y. (1993),"Modeling of inelastic cyclic behavior of members, connections and joint panels of steel frames", Ph.D. Thesis, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
  53. Ziemian, R.D. (1990),"Advanced methods of inelastic analysis in the limit states design of steel structures", Ph.D. Thesis, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
  54. Ziemian, R.D., McGuire, W. and Deierlein, G.G. (1992a),"Inelastic limit states design, Part I: Planar frame studies", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 118(9), 2532-2549. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:9(2532)
  55. Ziemian, R.D., McGuire, W. and Deierlein, G.G. (1992b),"Inelastic limit states design, Part II: Three-dimensional frame study," J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 118(9), 2550-2568. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:9(2550)

Cited by

  1. Statistical evaluation of the lateral–torsional buckling resistance of steel I-beams, Part 1: Variability of the Eurocode 3 resistance model vol.65, pp.4, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2008.07.016
  2. Stability Design of Stainless Steel Structures vol.148, pp.1, 2005, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003165