Structural Engineering and Mechanics

  • 제19권5호
  • /
  • Pages.567-580
  • /
  • 2005
  • /
  • 1225-4568(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6217(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Size effect in concrete blocks under local pressure

  • Ince, R. (Firat University, Engineering Faculty, Civil Engineering Department) ;
  • Arici, E. (Firat University, Technical Education Faculty, Construction Education Department)
  • 투고 : 2004.07.13
  • 심사 : 2004.12.03
  • 발행 : 2005.03.30
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Numerous tests on concrete structure members under local pressure demonstrated that the compressive strength of concrete at the loaded surface is increased by the confinement effect provided by the enveloping concrete. Even though most design codes propose specific criteria for preventing bearing failure, they do not take into consideration size effect which is an important phenomenon in the fracture mechanics of concrete/reinforced concrete. In this paper, six series of square prism concrete blocks with three different depths (size range = 1:4) and two different height/depth ratios of 2 and 3 are tested under concentrated load. Ultimate loads obtained from the test results are analysed by means of the modified size effect law (MSEL). Then, a prediction formula, which considers effect of both depth and height on size effect, is proposed. The developed formula is compared with experimental data existing in the literature. It is concluded that the observed size effect is in good agreement with the MSEL.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. ACI-318 (2002), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary, Farmington Hills, Michigan
  2. Ahmed, T.M.A., Burley, E. and Rigden, S. (1998), 'Bearing capacity of plain and reinforced concrete loaded over a limited area', ACI Struct. J., 95(3), 330-342
  3. Au, T. and Baird, D.L. (1960), 'Bearing capacity of concrete blocks', J. of the American Concrete Institute Proc., 56(9), 869-879
  4. Bauschinger, J. (1876), 'Tests with blocks of natural stone', Mechanisch und Technischen Laboratorium der Kgl., 6, p.13
  5. Bazant, Z.P. and Yavari, A. (2005), 'Is the cause of size effect on structural strength fractal or energetic-statistical?', Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 72(1), 1-31 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2004.03.004
  6. Bazant, Z.P. (1984), 'Size effect in blunt fracture: concrete, rock and metal', J. Eng. Mech., ASCE, 110(4), 518-535 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1984)110:4(518)
  7. Bazant, Z.P. (1991), 'Size effect on fracture and localization: apercu of recent advances and their extension to simultaneous fatigue and rate-sensitivity', Proc. of the International RILEM/ESIS Conf., Noordwijk, June
  8. Bazant, Z.P. (2002), Scaling of Structural Strength, Hermes-Penton, London
  9. Bazant, Z.P. and Pfeffier, P.A. (1987), 'Determination of fracture energy properties from size effect and brittleness number', ACI Materials J., 84(6), 463-480
  10. Bazant, Z.P. and Prat, P.C. (1988), 'Measurement of mode III fracture energy of concrete', Nuclear Engineering and Design, 106, 1-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(88)90265-8
  11. Bazant, Z.P. and Sener, S. (1987), 'Size effect in torsional failure of concrete beams', J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 113(10), 2125-2136 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1987)113:10(2125)
  12. Bazant, Z.P., Kazemi, M.T, Hasegawa, T and Mazars, J. (1991), 'Size effect in Brazilian split-cylinder tests: measurements and fracture analysis', ACI Materials J., 88(3), 325-332
  13. EC2 (1992), Design of Concrete Structures, European Pre-Standard, Brussels
  14. EC3 (1992), Design of Steel Structures, European Pre-Standard, Brussels
  15. Griffith, A.A. (1920), 'The phenomena of rupture and flow in solids', Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, A221, 163-198
  16. Hasegawa, T., Shioya, T. and Okada, T. (1985), 'Size effect on splitting tensile strength of concrete', Proc. of the JCI 7th Conf., Tokyo
  17. Hawkins, N.M. (1960), 'Discussion of work of Au and Baird (1960)', J. of the American Concrete Institute Proc., 56(9), 1469-1479
  18. Hawkins, N.M. (1968), 'The bearing strength of concrete loaded through rigid plates', Magazine of Concrete Research, 20(62), 31-40 https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1968.20.62.31
  19. Ince, R. and Arici, E. (2004), 'Size effect in bearing strength of concrete cubes', Construction and Building Materials, 18(8), 603-609 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.04.002
  20. Kim, J.K.K., Yi, S.T., Park, C.K. and Eo, S.H. (1999), 'Size effect on compressive strength of plain and spirally reinforced concrete cylinders', ACI Struct. J., 96(1), 88-94
  21. Kim, J.K.K. and Eo, S.H. (1990), 'Size effect in concrete specimens with dissimilar initial cracks', Magazine of Concrete Research, 42(153), 233-238 https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1990.42.153.233
  22. Kim, J.K.K., Yi, S.T. and Kim, J.H.J. (2001), 'Effect of specimen sizes on flexural compressive strength of concrete', ACI Struct. J., 98(3), 416-424
  23. Kim, J.K.K., Yi, S.T. and Yang, E.I. (2000), 'Size effect on flexural compressive strength of concrete specimens', ACI Struct. J., 97(2), 291-296
  24. MacGregor, J.G. (1992), Reinforced concrete: Mechanics and Design, Second Edition, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey
  25. Marti, P. (1989), 'Size effect in double-punch tests on concrete cylinders', ACI Mater. J., 86(6), 597-601
  26. Meyerhof, G.G. (1953), 'The bearing capacity of concrete and rock', Magazine of Concrete Research, 4(12), 107-116 https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1953.4.12.107
  27. Neville, A.M. (1995), Properties of Concrete, Fourth Edition, Longman, London
  28. Niyogi, S.K. (1973), 'Bearing strength of concrete-geometric variation', J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 99(ST7), 1471-1490
  29. Niyogi, S.K. (1974), 'Concrete bearing strength-support, mix, size effect', J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 100(ST8), 1685-1701
  30. Shelson, W. (1957), 'Bearing capacity of concrete', J. of the American Concrete Institute Proc., 54(5), 405-414
  31. Shioya, T. (1989), 'Shear properties of large reinforced concrete member', Institute of Technology, Shimizu Corporation, Japan, Report No 25
  32. TS-500 (1984), Requirements for Design and Construction of Reinforced Concrete Structure, Turkish Standard Institution, Ankara
  33. Walsh, P.F. (1972), 'Fracture of plain concrete', Indian Concrete J., 46(11), 469-470
  34. Weibull, W. (1939), 'A statistical theory of the strength materials', Swedish Royal Institute for Engineering Research, Stockholm

피인용 문헌

  1. The Effect of Size on the Splitting Strength of Cubic Concrete Members vol.51, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12127
  2. Seismic fracture analysis of concrete arch dams incorporating the loading rate dependent size effect of concrete vol.79, pp.2, 2021, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.79.2.169