Journal of Plant Biotechnology

The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology (한국식물생명공학회)
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Transgenic Plants with Enhanced Tolerance to Environmental Stress by Metabolic Engineering of Antioxidative Mechanism in Chloroplasts

엽록체 항산화기구 대사조절에 의한 환경스트레스 내성 식물

  • Kwon Suk-Yoon (Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Lee Young-Pyo (Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Lim Soon (Laboratory of Plant Cell Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Lee Haeng-Soon (Laboratory of Plant Cell Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Kwak Sang-Soo (Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB))
  • 권석윤 (한국생명공학연구원 환경생명공학연구실) ;
  • 이영표 (한국생명공학연구원 환경생명공학연구실) ;
  • 임순 (한국생명공학연구원 식물세포공학연구실) ;
  • 이행순 (한국생명공학연구원 식물세포공학연구실) ;
  • 곽상수 (한국생명공학연구원 환경생명공학연구실)
  • Published : 2005.09.01
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Abstract

Injury caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), known as oxidative stress, is one of the major damaging factors in plants exposed to environmental stress. Chloroplasts are specially sensitive to damage by ROS because electrons that escape from the photosynthetic electron transfer system are able to react with relatively high concentration of $O_2$ in chloroplasts. To cope with oxidative stress, plants have evolved an efficient ROS-scavenging enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and low molecular weight antioxidants including ascorbate, glutathione and phenolic compounds. To maintain the productivity of plants under the stress condition, it is possible to fortify the antioxidative mechanisms in the chloroplasts by manipulating the antioxidation genes. A powerful gene expression system with an appropriate promoter is key requisite for excellent stress-tolerant plants. We developed a strong oxidative stress-inducible peroxidase (SWPA2) promoter from cultured cells of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) as an industrial platform technology to develop transgenic plants with enhanced tolerance to environmental stress. Recently, in order to develop transgenic sweetpotato (tv. Yulmi) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Atlantic and Superior) plants with enhanced tolerance to multiple stress, the genes of both CuZnSOD and APX were expressed in chloroplasts under the control of an SWPA2 promoter (referred to SSA plants). As expected, SSA sweetpotato and potato plants showed enhanced tolerance to methyl viologen-mediated oxidative stress. In addition, SSA plants showed enhanced tolerance to multiple stresses such as temperature stress, drought and sulphur dioxide. Our results strongly suggested that the rational manipulation of antioxidative mechanism in chloroplasts will be applicable to the development of all plant species with enhanced tolerance to multiple environmental stresses to contribute in solving the global food and environmental problems in the 21st century.

Keywords

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