Elastomers and Composites

The Rubber Society of Korea (한국고무학회)
권호 표지

Preparation and Characterization of Emulsified Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Rubber (CSM)

유화 Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Rubber (CSM)의 제조 및 특성 연구

  • Published : 2005.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this work, magnesium carbonate and calcium hydroxide as metallic crosslinking agent were added to chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber (CSM) emulsion to enhance the mechanical properties of emulsion film such as tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear strength and crosslinking density, thermal features, and surface energy were also investigated. Crosslinking density of the CSM emulsion film with increasing the amount of magnesium carbonate and calcium hydroxide increased, leading to the enhancement of water resistance. It was shown that compared with calcium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate had a little higher crosslinking density and $T_g$ value. The surface energy and mechanical characteristics of the CSM emulsion film, however, showed somewhat different behaviors. The highest surface energy, tensile strength, and tear strength were observed when 0.75% for magnesium carbonate and 1.0% for calcium hydroxide were added respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that as metallic crosslinking agent to improve water resistance and mechanical properties of the CSM emulsion, magnesium carbonate is more preferable to calcium hydroxide.

본 연구에서는 CSM 에멀젼의 물성을 향상시키고자 금속성 가교제인 magnesium carbonate 및 calcium hydroxide를 첨가하여 가교밀도, 열적특성, 표면자유에너지 그리고 인장강도, 파단신율 및 인열강도 특성을 고찰하였다, 금속성 가교제인 magnesium carbonate 및 calcium hyroxide 양이 증가함에 따라 CSM 에멀젼 필름은 가교밀도는 증가하였고, 이에 내수성과 $T_g$ 값도 증가하였다. 금속성 가교제로 magnesium carbonate를 첨가하였을 때 calcium hydroxide에 비해서 다소 높은 가교밀도와 $T_g$ 값을 보였다. 하지만 CSM 에멀젼 필름의 표면에너지 및 기계적 특성들은 다소 다른 거동을 보였다. Magnesium carbonate 0.75% 그리고 calcium hydroxide 1.0% 첨가한 경우가 가장 높은 표면 자유에너지 값과 인장강도 및 인열강도를 보였으나, 그 이상의 양을 첨가하였을 경우에는 오히려 감소함을 확인하였다. 그러므로 본 연구에서 CSM 에멀젼의 물성을 향상시키는데 적용되는 금속성 가교제로서 calcium hydroxide 보다 magnesium carbonate가 더 적당하며, 0.75% 첨가하였을 때 보다 향상된 물성을 얻을 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. J. A. Brydson, 'Rubbery Materials and their Compounds', edited by J. A. Brydson, Elsevier, New York, 1988
  2. V. Brajko, 'Elastomers and Rubber Compounding Materials', edited by V.Brajko Elsevier, New York, 1989
  3. C. Decker, F. Masson and R. Schwalm, 'Weathering resistance of waterbased UV-cured polyurethaneacrylate coatings', Polymer Degradation and Stability, 83, 309 (2004)
  4. R. J. Esser, J. E. Devona, D. E. Setzke, and L. Wagemans, 'Waterbased crosslinkable surface coatings', Progr. in Org. Coating, 36, 45 (1999)
  5. Y. Nakayama, 'Polymer blend systems for waterborne paints', Progr. Org. Coating, 33, 108 (1998)
  6. S K. Lee, M. C. Kim, and B. K. Lee, 'Prepartion of Waterborne Coatings Contaning Water Swellable Clay and Its Characteristics of the Printed-paper Coating', J. Korean Ind. Eng Chem., 12, 229 (2001)
  7. S. A. Chen and J. S. Hsu, 'Polyurethane anionomers II. Phase inversion and its effect on physical properties', Polymer, 34, 2776 (1993)
  8. E. S. Daniels and A. Klein, 'Development of cohesive strength in polymer films from latices: effect of polymer chain interdiffusion and crosslinking', Progr. Org. Coating, 19, 359 (1991)
  9. F. F. Mark, N. M. Bikales, C. G. Overberger, and G. Menges, 'Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering', 4edited by F. F. Mark, N. M. Bikales, C. G. Overberger, and G. Menges, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1986
  10. R. Du and J. Zhao, 'Properties of poly (N,Ndimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)/polysulfone positively charged composite nanofiltration membrane', J. Membrane Sci., 239, 183 (2004)
  11. S. Yoo, L. Harrelle, E. S. Daniels, M. S. El-Aasser, and A. Klein, 'Interfacial aspects of strength development in poly(methyl methacrylate)-based latex systems', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 58, 367 (1995)
  12. S. Y. Choi, G. Y. Koo, and E. K. Lee, 'Waterresistance improvement of EVA emulsion', J. Ind. Sci. Res. Chongju Univ. 18, 27 (2000)
  13. B. G. Bufkin and J. R Grame, 'Chelation as a means of developing crosslinking emulsions', J Coating Tech., 52, 73 (1980)
  14. A. Omari, 'Kinetic gelation of the polyacrylamideglyoxal system', Polymer, 35, 2148 (1994)
  15. A. Omari, 'Rheological study of the gelation kinetics of the scleroglucan-zirconium system', Polymer, 36, 815 (1995)
  16. E. K. Lee, S. Y. Choi., and S. J. Park,'Stabilization of chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM) rubber emulsion with surfactnat mixture', Elastomer, 36, 246 (2001)
  17. A. W. Adamson, 'Physical Chemistry of Surfaces', 5edited by A. W. Adamson, John Wiley, New York, 1990
  18. V. G. Poulpoulou and H. Taube, 'Interactions of hexacyano ions with $[Ruen_3]^{3+}$ and $[Ruen_3]^{2+}$ in solution', Inorg. Chem. Acta, 319, 123 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-1693(01)00430-3
  19. M. Krumova, D. Lopez, R. Benavente, C. Mijangos and J. M. Perna, 'Effect of crosslinking on the mechanical and thermal properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)', Polymer, 41, 9265 (2000)
  20. K. Miura, N. Kimura, H. Suzuki, Y. Miyashita, and Y. Nishio, 'Thermal and viscoelastic properties of alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) blends cross-linked with calciwn tetraborate', Carbohydrate Polymer, 39, 139 (1999)
  21. J. S. Park, J. W. Park, and E. Ruckenstein, 'Thermal and dynamic mechanical analysis of PVA/MC blend hydrogels', Polymer, 42, 4271 (2000)
  22. S. J. Park, in 'Interfacial Forces and Fields : Theory and Applications', edited by J. P. Hsu, pp.385-442, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1999
  23. J. N. Israelachvili, 'Intermolecular and Surface Forces', Academic Press, edited by J. N. Israelachvili, San Diego, 1992
  24. F. M. Fowkes, D. C. McCarthy and M. A. Mostafa, 'Contact angles and the equilibrium spreading pre ssures of liquids on hydrophobic solids', J. Colloid and Interface Sci., 78, 200 (1980)
  25. D. K. Owens and R. C. Wendt, 'Estimation of the surface free energy of polymers', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 13, 1741 (1969)
  26. S. Wu, 'Polymer Interface and Adhesion', edited by S. Wu, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1982
  27. S. J. Park, M. K. Seo and H. B. Shim,'Effect of fiber shapes on physical characteristics of noncircular carbon fibers-reinforced composites', Materials Sci. and Eng. A, 352, 34 (2003)
  28. S. J. Park and J. S. Kim,'Filler-elastomer interactions. 2. cure behaviors and mechanical interfacial properties of carbon black/rubber composites', Elastomer, 35, 122 (2000)