Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of Wet Pad and Forced Ventilation House on the Reproductive Performance of Boar

  • Chiang, S.H. (Farm Animals Industry Dept., Taiwan Sugar Corporation) ;
  • Hsia, L.C. (Dept. of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technolog)
  • Received : 2003.07.26
  • Accepted : 2004.01.13
  • Published : 2005.01.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

There were two trials involved in the experiment. Trial 1: the trial was conducted on two Taiwan Sugar Corporation (TSC) pig farms. One was located in the north of Taiwan and the other was located in the south. Both farms had wet pad and forced ventilation (WPFV) and conventional open design (COD) boar and sow houses. There were 12 Duroc boars, age ranging from 12-24 months. Half of them (6 boars) were raised in a WPFV pig house, and the other half were kept in a COD house. Semen was collected at 5-day intervals from May $1^{st}$ to the end of October. Sixteen sows (2-8 parity) were served by artificial insemination each week from the beginning of May to the end of Oct. These sows were checked for heat from 18 days to 25 days after insemination. Trial 2: there were four MPFV boar houses involved in the test. Two houses were located in the north of Taiwan, and the other two houses were located in the south. The test was conducted from January 2000 to December 2001. The total number of serviced sows by MPFV-housed boars was 35,105 head and for COD-housed boars 103,065 head. The results showed that the total semen volume, density of sperm, total sperm per ejaculate, sperm motility and morphological abnormality were significantly better (p<0.01) for boar raised in WPFV house than for COD houses. Average sperm motility in June and July was lower than for the other months. Morphological abnormality was higher during May, June and July. Although the results did not reach a significant level, the average value showed that the total volume of boar semen was higher in the north than for the south. The total semen volume production of boar raised in WPFV was higher than for boars raised in COD house, reaching a significant level only in summer. Boars kept in WPFV house had higher total sperm number than boars kept in COD house, reaching a significant level in spring (p<0.05), summer (p<0.01), and fall (p<0.05) but not in winter (p>0.05). Boars raised in WPFV house had significantly higher sperm motility than boars in COD house during spring (p<0.001), summer (p<0.001), fall (p<0.01) and winter (p<0.05). The average farrowing rate and piglets born alive were higher for boars in WPFV house than for boars in COD house, but neither reached a significant level (p>0.05). The present experiment shows that WPFV house can improve the reproduction performance of boars.

Keywords

References

  1. Borg, K. E., D. D. Lunstra and R. K. Christenson. 1993. Semen characteristics, testicular size and reproductive hormone concentrations in mature Duroc, Meishan, Fengjing and Minzhu boras. Biology of Reproduction 49:515-521.
  2. Cameron, D. A. and A. W. Blackshaw. 1980. The effect of elevated ambient temperature on spermatogenesis in the boar. J. Reprod. Fert. 59:173-179.
  3. Cheng, S. P. and S. C. Wung. 1974. A study of seasonal changes in the boar semen characteristics. Annual Research Report of Animal Industry Research Institute, Taiwan Sugar Corporation. pp. 89-103.
  4. Christenson, R. K., H. S. Teague, A. P. Grifo Jr. and W. L. Roller. 1972. The effect of high environmental temperature on the boar. Ohio Swine Research and Information Report. Research Summary 61, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Wooster.
  5. Ciereszko, A., J. S. Ottobre and J. Glogowski. 2000. Effects of season and breed on sperm acrosin activity and semen quality of boars. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 64:89-96 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4320(00)00194-9
  6. Corteel, J. M., J. P. Sigornet and F. Du Mensil du Buisson. 1964. Variations Saisonnieres de la reproduction de la truie et facteurs favorisant l'anestrus temporaire. Fifth Congr. Intern. Reprod. Anim. Insem. Artif. P. 536.
  7. Enne, G., P. V. Beccaro and C. Tarocco. 1979. A note on the effect of climate on fertility in pigs in the Padana Valley of Italy. Anim. Prod. 28:115-117.
  8. Hsia, L. C. 1990a. The effect of high environmental temperature on animal production. Proceedings of the 5th AAAP Animal Science Congress. Vol. 1:83-218.
  9. Hsia, L. C. 1990b. Effect of high environmental temperature on GF pigs. The Research and Application of Pig Technology. Pig Res. Ins. Taiwan. pp. 75-107.
  10. Hsia, L. C. 2002. How to release heat stress from dairy cattle. International Training on Strategies for Reducing Heat Stress in Dairy Cattle. pp. 128-140. Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, ROC.
  11. Hsia, L. C. and G. H. Lu. 1988. Nutrient requirement of growingfinishing pigs when fed ad libitum under hot and cool seasons. I. The effect of energy level of food on the performance of finishing pigs. J. Agric. Asso. China, New Series 141:62-66.
  12. Hsia, L. C. and G. H. Lu. 1989. Nutrient requirement of growingfinishing pigs when fed ad libitum under hot and cool seasons. II. The effect of protein and amino acid levels of food on the performance of growing-finishing pigs. J. Agric. Asso. China, New Series 145:45-52.
  13. Hsia, L. C. and G. H. Lu. 2004. The effect of high environmental temperature and nutrient density on pig performance, conformation and carcass characteristics under restricted feeding system. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 17(2):250-258.
  14. Hurtgen, J. P. and A. D. Leman. 1980. Seasonal influence on the fertility of sows and gilts. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 177(1):631-635.
  15. Hurtgen, J. P., A. D. Leman and B. Crabo. 1980. Seasonal influence on estrous activity in sows and gilts. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 176(2):119-123.
  16. Larsson, K and S. Einarsson. 1984. Seminal changes in boars after heat stress. Acta Vet. Scand. Vol. 25:57-66.
  17. Lawrence, J. A., E. J. Turman, T. Rich, A. Sharp and J. C. Hillier. 1970. A study of seasonal changes in boar semen. Mise. Publs. Okla. Agric. Exp. Stn. No. M.P. 84:77-83.
  18. Malmgren, L. and K. Larsson. 1984. Semen quality and fertility after heat stress in boar. Acta Vet. Scand. Vol. 25:425-435.
  19. Mauget, R. and J. Boissin. 1987. Seasonal changes in testis weight and testosterone concentration in the European wild boar (Sus Scrofa L.) Anim. Reprod. Sci. Vol. 13:67-74.
  20. Mazzarri, G., F. Du Mensil du Buisson and R. Ortavant. 1968. Action of temperature on spermatogenesis, sperm production and fertility of the boar. 6th Intern. Congr. Ani. Reprod. A.I. Paris.
  21. McNitt, J. I. and N. L. First. 1970. Effect of 72-hour heat stress on semen quality in boars. Int. J. Biometeor. 14(4):373-380.
  22. McNitt, J. I., C. B. Tanner and N. L. First. 1972. Thermoregulation on the scrotal system of the boar. II. Evaporative heat exchange. J. Anim. Sci. 34(1):117-121.
  23. Mikitas, A. N. 1969. Changes in character of boar semen. Svinovodstvo. Mosk. 23(3):18-19. Anim. Breed. Abst. 37:3905.
  24. Minin, V. I. 1967. Changes in quantitative and qualitative indices of the year. Anim. Breed. Abst. 37:114.
  25. Ninomiya, H., T. Yoshimoto, T. Tanaka, H. Tanida and T. Nakamura. 1988. Effects of high ambient temperature on the physiological responses and spermatogenesis of boars. Proc. 6th Wld. Conf. Anim. Prod. p. 650.
  26. Okauchi, K. and K. Hirakata. 1962. Studies on the characters of boar semen. 1. Effect of environmental temperature. (Bull. Fae. Agric. Univ. Miyazak: 7:117-123 Japan). Anim. Breed. Abst. Vol. 31:2292.
  27. Omtvedt, I. T. 1972. Influence of heat stress on sow reproductive performance. American Pork Congress, March 21-23, pp. 61-69.
  28. Park, C. S. and Y. J. Yi. 2002. Comparison of semen characteristics, sperm freezability and testosterone concentration between Duroc and Yorkshire boars during seasons. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 73:53-61.
  29. Paterson, A. M., J. Baker and D. R. Lindsay. 1977. Summer infertility in pigs: its incidence and characteristics in an Australian commercial piggery. Aust. J. Experi. Agric. Anim. Husb. 18:698-701.
  30. Rasbech, O. 1971. Pathological aspects of pig breeding. Acta Conv. Int. Recond. F.A. Specie Suina, Reggio Emilia.
  31. SAS Institute, Inc. 2000. SAS/STAT User's Guide: Statistics. Version 8. SAS Institute, Inc. Cary, NC.
  32. Steinbach, J. 1968. Effects of ambient temperatures during the processes of follicular development, ovulation and implantation on litter size in swine. A preliminary report. VI Cong. Intern. Reprod. Anim. Insem. Artif. Paris. 1:325-327.
  33. Steinbach, J. 1971. Effect of season and breed on sow performance in the seasonal equatorial climate of southern Nigeria. J. Agric. Sci. Camb. 77:331-336.
  34. Steinbach, J. 1972. The effect of tropical climate on pig fertility. Anim. Res. Develop. Vol. 1:73.
  35. Stone, B. A. 1981. Thermal characteristics of the testis and epididymis of the boar. J. Reprod. Fert. 63:551-557. https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0630551
  36. Thibault, C., M. Courot, L. Martinet, P. Manleon, F. Dumesnil Du Buisson, R. Ortavant, J. Pelletier and J. P. Signoret. 1966. Regulation of breeding season and estrus cycles by light and external stimuli in some mammals. J. Anim. Sci. (Suppl). 25:119-139.
  37. Trudeau, V. L., D. L. Grinwich and L. M. Sandford. 1988. Seasonal variation in the blood concentration of 16-androstenes in adult Landrace boars. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 68:565-568.
  38. Wallace, H. D. and G. E. Combs. 1962. Sow productivity as influenced by season. Fla. Agric. Exp. Sta. A.H. Mimeo 63-2.
  39. Wettemann, R. P. and C. Desjardins. 1979. Testicular function in boars exposed to elevated ambient temperature. Biology of Reproduction 20:235-241.
  40. Wettemann, R. P., M. E. Wells and R. K. Johnson. 1979. Reproductive characteristics of boars during and after exposure to increased ambient temperature. J. Anim. Sci. 49(6):1501-1505.
  41. Wettemann, R. P., M. E. Wells, I. T. Omtvedt, C. E. Pope and E. J. Turman. 1976. Influence of elevated ambient temperature on reproductive performance of boar. J. Anim. Sci. 42(3):664-669.
  42. Wettemann, R. P., M. E. Wells, I. W. Brock, R. K. Johnson, R. Harp and R. Vencl. 1977. Recovery of normal semen quality after heat stress of boars. Anim. Sci. Res. Rep. 152-156.
  43. Wettemann, R. P., M. E. Wells, R. K. Johnson and R. Vencl. 1978. Influence of cooling methods on boar fertility with summer breeding. Anim. Sci. Res. Rep. 230-232.
  44. Winfield, C. G., P. H. Hemsworth, D. B. Galloway and A. W. Makin. 1981. Sexual behaviour and semen characteristics of boars: effects of high temperature. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. Anim. Husb. 21:39-45.

Cited by

  1. Tempering ventilation air in a swine finishing barn with a low-cost earth-to-water heat exchanger vol.9, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4979359
  2. Effect of Season, Parity and Lactation on Reproductive Performance of Sows in a Tropical Humid Climate vol.19, pp.8, 2005, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2006.1111