DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene in Coronary Artery Disease in Southern Turkey

  • Acarturk, Esmeray (Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology) ;
  • Attila, Gulen (Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry) ;
  • Bozkurt, Abdi (Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology) ;
  • Akpinar, Onur (Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology) ;
  • Matyar, Selcuk (Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry) ;
  • Seydaoglu, Gulsah (Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics)
  • Published : 2005.07.31

Abstract

Genetic factors are important in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion(I)/deletion(D) polymorphism is one of the genetic factor found to be related with CAD. We investigated the association between I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene and the presence of CAD. Threehundred and seven patients (187 males and 120 females, aged between 35-80, mean $54.3{\pm}9.8$ years) who underwent diagnostic coronary angiography were included in the study. ACE I/D polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction. Of the 307, 176 had CAD. The most frequently observed genotype in all subjects was ID (47.9 %). However, in patients with CAD the frequency of II genotype was lower whereas DD genotype was higher compared to the controls (p < 0.05). The number of D allele carrying subjects were also higher (p < 0.05) in CAD patients. The logistic regression analysis indicated that the ACE D allele is an independent risk factor (odds ratio = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.01-2.18, p < 0.05). In conclusion, the I/D polymorphism of ACE gene (carrying D allele) is an independent risk factor for CAD in the studied Turkish population.

Keywords

References

  1. Agerholm-Larsen, B., Nordestgaard, B. G. and Tybjaerg-Hansen, A. (2000) ACE gene polymorphism in cardiovascular disease: meta-analyses of small and large studies in whites. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 20, 484-492 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.20.2.484
  2. Akar, N., Aras, O., Omurlu, K. and Cin, S. (1998) Deletion polymorphism at the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene in Turkish patients with coronary artery disease. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Inves. 58, 491-495 https://doi.org/10.1080/00365519850186292
  3. Akbulut, T., Bilsel, T., Terzi, S., Ciloglu, F., Unal Dayi, S., Sayar, N., Peker, I. and Yesilcimen, K. (2003) Relationship between ACE gene polymorphism and ischemic chronic heart failure in Turkish population. Eur. J. Med. Res. 8, 247-253
  4. American Diabetes Association, the Expert Committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. (1999) Diabetes Care 22, 5-19
  5. Cambien, F., Poirier, O., Lecerf, L., Evans, A., Cambou, J. P., Arveiler, D., Luc, G., Bard, J. M., Bara, L. and Ricard, S. (1992) Deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-convertingenzyme is a potent risk factor for myocardial infarction. Nature 359, 641-644 https://doi.org/10.1038/359641a0
  6. Canavy, I., Henry, M., Morange, P. E., Tiret, L., Poirier, O., Ebagosti, A., Bory, M. and Juhan-Vague, I. (2000) Genetic polymorphisms and coronary artery disease in the south of France. Thromb. Haemost. 83, 212-216
  7. Dzau, V. J. (1994) Cell biology and genetics of angiotensin in cardiovascular disease. J. Hypertens. 12, 3-10 https://doi.org/10.1097/00004872-199407030-00002
  8. Eichner, J. E., Christiansen, V. J., Moore, W. E., Dunn, S. T. and Schechter, E. (2001) Angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene polymorphism in a cohort of coronary angiography patients. Atherosclerosis 154, 673-679 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9150(00)00395-6
  9. Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). (2001) JAMA. 285, 2486-2497 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.19.2486
  10. Farber, H. W., Center, D. M., Rounds, S. and Danilov, S. M. (1990) Components of the angiotensin sistem cause release of a neutrophil chemoattractant from cultured bovin and human endhotelial cells. Eur. Heart. J. 11, 100-107
  11. Ferrieres, J., Ruidavets, J. B., Fauvel, J., Perret, B., Taraszkiewicz, D., Fourcade, J., Nieto, M., Chap, H. and Puel, J. (1999) Angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene polymorphism in a lowrisk European population for coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 142, 211-216 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9150(98)00204-4
  12. Friedl, W., Krempler, F., Paulweber, B., Pichler, M. and Sandhofer, F. (1995) A deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin converting enzyme gene is not associated with coronary artery disease in the Austrian population. Atherosclerosis 112, 137-143 https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9150(94)05406-9
  13. Gardemann, A., Fink, M., Sticker, J., Nguyen, Q. D., Humme, J., Katz, N., Tillmanns, H., Hehrlein, F. W., Rau, M. and Haberbosch, W. (1998) ACE I/D polymorphism: presence of the ACE D allele increases the risk of coronary artery disease in younger individuals. Atherosclerosis 139, 153-159 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9150(98)00040-9
  14. Gurlek, A., Gulec, S., Karabulut, H., Bokesoy, I., Tutar, E., Pamir, G., Alpman, A., Toydemir, R., Aras, O. and Oral, D. (2000) Relation between the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I converting enzyme gene and restenosis after coronary stenting. J. Cardiovasc. Risk 7, 403-407
  15. Isbir, T., Yýlmaz, H., Agachan, B., Aydin, M. and Isbir, C. S. (1999) Association between angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene polymorphism and coronary artery disease. IUBMB Life 48, 205-207 https://doi.org/10.1080/713803502
  16. Jeng, J. R. (2000) Carotid thickening, cardiac hypertrophy, and angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism in patients with hypertension. Am. J. Hypertens. 13, 111-119 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0895-7061(99)00193-4
  17. Jeunemaitre, X., Ledru, F., Battagli, S., Guillanneu, M. T., Courbon, D., Dumont, C., Darmon, O., Guize, L., Guermonprez, J. L., Diebold, B. and Ducimetiere, P. (1997) Genetic polymorphism of the renin-angiotensin system and angiographic extent and severity of coronary artery disease: the CORGENE study. Hum. Genet. 99, 66-73 https://doi.org/10.1007/s004390050313
  18. Keidar, S., Brook, J. G. and Aviram, M. (1993) Angiotensin-II enhanced lipid peroxidation of low-density lipoprotein. J. Am. Physiol. Soc. 8, 245-248
  19. Koch, W., Kastrati, A., Mehilli, J., Bottiger, C., von Beckerath, N. and Schomig, A. (2000) Insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene is not associated with restenosis after coronary stent placement. Circulation. 102, 197-202 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.102.2.197
  20. Lindpaintner, K., Pfeffer, M. A., Kreutz, R., Stampfer, M. J., Grodstein, F., LaMotte, F., Buring, J. and Hennekens, C. H. (1995) A prospective evaluation of an angiotensin-convertingenzyme gene polymorphism and the risk of ischemic heart disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 332, 706-711 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199503163321103
  21. Malik, F. S., Lavie, C. J., Mehra, M. R., Milani, R. V. and Re, R. N. (1997) Renin-angiotensin system: Genes to bedside. Am. Heart J. 134, 514-526 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8703(97)70089-9
  22. Mattei, M. G., Hubert, C., Alhenc-Gelas, F., Roeckel, N., Corvol, P. and Soubrier, F. (1989) Angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene is on chromosom 17. Cytogent. Cell Gene. 51, 1041
  23. Miller, S. A., Dykes, D. D. and Polesky, H. F. (1988) A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic. Acids. Res. 16,1215 https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.3.1215
  24. Mulder, H. J., van Geel, P. P., Schalij, M. J., van Gilst, W. H., Zwinderman, A. H. and Bruschke, A. V (2003) DD ACE gene polymorphism is associated with increased coronary artery endothelial dysfunc tion: the PREFACE trial. Heart. 89, 557-558 https://doi.org/10.1136/heart.89.5.557
  25. Nacak, M., Davutoglu, U., Soydinc, S., Dinckal, H., Turkmen, S., Erbagci, B., Akcay, M. and Aynacioglu, S. (2004) Association between angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene polymorphism and coronary artery disease in individuals of the South-eastern Anatolian population. Anatol. J. Cardiol. 4, 45-51
  26. Pfohl, M., Koch, M., Prescod, S., Haase, K. K., Haring, H. U. and Karsch, K. R. (1999) Angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene polymorphism, coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. An angiographically controlled study. Eur. Heart J. 20, 1318-1325 https://doi.org/10.1053/euhj.1999.1543
  27. Rigat, B., Hubert, C., Corvol, P. and Soubrier, F. (1992) PCR detection of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the human angiotensin converting enzyme gene (DCPI) (dipepdidylcarboxypepdidase 1). Nucleic. Acids. Res. 20, 1433 https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/20.6.1433-a
  28. Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. (2003) Hypertension 42, 1206-1252 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.0000107251.49515.c2
  29. Tokgozoglu, S. L., Alikasifoglu, M., Atalar, E., Tuncbilek, E., Ovunc, K., Aksoyek, S., Kabakci, G., Anar, B., Unsal, I. and Kes, S. (1997) Angiotensin Converting enzyme gene polymorphism and the risk and extent of ischemic heart disease among Turkish patients. Coron. Artery. Dis. 8, 137-141 https://doi.org/10.1097/00019501-199703000-00003
  30. van Bockxmeer, F. M., Mamotte, C. D., Burke, V. and Taylor, R. R. (2000) Angiotensin-converting enzyme polymorphism and premature coronary heart disease. Clin. Sci. 99, 247-251 https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20000018
  31. Wang, X. L., McCredie, R. M. and Wilcken, D. E. (1996) Genotype distribution of ACE polymorphism in Australian healthy and coronary populations and relevance to myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease. Arterioscler. Tromb. Vasc. Biol. 16, 115-119 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.16.1.115
  32. Yoshida, M., Iwai, N., Ohmichi, N., Izumi, M., Nakamura, Y. and Kinoshita, M. (1999) D allele of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is a risk factor for secondary cardiac events after myocardial infarction. Int. J. Cardiol. 70, 119-125 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5273(99)00064-9
  33. Zee, R. Y., Lou, Y. K., Griffiths, L. R. and Morris, B. J. (1992) Association of a polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene with essential hypertension. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 184, 9-15 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(92)91150-O

Cited by

  1. Renin–angiotensin system gene polymorphisms among Saudi patients with coronary artery disease vol.21, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1186/2241-5793-21-8
  2. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensinogen (AGT), and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene polymorphisms in generalized aggressive periodontitis vol.54, pp.4, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.12.005
  3. Renin-angiotensin gene polymorphisms in relation to severe chronic periodontitis vol.36, pp.3, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01379.x
  4. Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism with Allergic Contact Dermatitis vol.101, pp.2, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00077.x
  5. Polymorphism of ACE gene as the genetic predisposition of coronary artery disease in Eastern India vol.64, pp.6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2012.08.005
  6. Lack of association of angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and myocardial infarction at very young ages vol.14, pp.6, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1080/13547500903039966