Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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Clinical Analysis of the Pediatric Patients Seen in the Emergency Medical Center

응급의료센터 소아 환자들의 경향 분석

  • Lee, Hee Jung (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Park, So Yoon (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Lee, Young Hwan (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Do, Byung Soo (Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Lee, Sam Bum (Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University)
  • 이희정 (영남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 박소윤 (영남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 이영환 (영남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 도병수 (영남대학교 의과대학 응급의학교실) ;
  • 이삼범 (영남대학교 의과대학 응급의학교실)
  • Received : 2005.05.02
  • Accepted : 2005.08.05
  • Published : 2005.10.15
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Abstract

Purpose : We studied a clinical analysis of pediatric patients who visited the emergency medical center of Yeungnam University Hospital to compare the characteristics of pediatric emergency patients after year 2000 with the previous studies. Methods : We reviewed 7,034 children under the age of 15 years who visited the emergency medical center of Yeungnam University Hospital during the 2 year period from January 2001 to December 2002, and then we performed a clinical and statistical analysis. We analyzed the pediatric patients according to gender, age, season, day of the week, time of the visit, the disease classification and the final disposition of the patients. Results : Among the patients who visited the emergency room, 15.6% of the total emergency patients were under the age of 15. The male to female ratio was 1.6 : 1. Among the 7,034 pediatric patients, the most common age group was between 1 year and under 3 years of age(26.9%). The peak seasonal incidence was early summer and spring, especially during June(11.2%) and May(10.6 %). The peak incidence day of the week was Sunday(24.8%) and the peak time when the emergency pediatric patients visited the emergency room was between 20 and 24 o'clock(28.8%). The distribution of diseases, according to ICD-10 system, were injury and poisoning(30.4%), diseases of the respiratory system(22.8%), and diseases of the digestive system(14.6%). 30% of total pediatric patients were admitted to the hospital. Conclusion : After year 2000, as compared with the previous studies, the proportions of emergency pediatric patients has decreased. The distribution of diseases was not much different from the previous studies and the proportions of non-urgent diseases, such as acute nasopharyngitis or acute gastroenteritis, were still high. These result have come about due to the declining birth rate and changes of the medical system in Korea.

목 적 : 1990년대 중반 이후 의료계 내부적 혹은 외부적 변화와 함께 신생아 출산율이 급감한 2000년대 이후의 소아 응급 환자들의 경향의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2001년 1월 1일부터 2002년 12월 31일까지 영남대학교 의료원 응급의료센터를 방문한 15세 미만의 소아 7,034명을 대상으로 응급의무기록지와 입원병록지를 근거로 성별, 연령별, 월별, 계절별, 요일별, 방문 시간대별, 질병 종류별 및 최종 진료 형태별로 분류하여 보았다. 결 과 : 전체 응급실 방문 환자 45,190명 중 소아 환자는 7,034명으로 전체의 약 15.6%를 차지하였으며, 남녀 비는 1.6 : 1였다. 연령대별로는 1세 이상부터 3세 미만이 1,893명(26.9%)으로 가장 많았으며, 3세 이상부터 6세 미만 1,587명(22.6%), 1개월 이상부터 1세 미만 1,196명(17.0%) 순이었다. 계절별로는 봄철과 여름철이 많았는데, 월별로 6월 790명(19.7%), 5월 745명(18.7%), 7월 712명(18.5%) 순이었다. 요일별로는 일요일이 1,747명(25.5%)으로 가장 많았으며, 시간대별로는 20시부터 24시 사이가 2,029명(23.8%)으로 가장 많았다. 질병별 분포는 사고 및 중독이 2.141명(30.4%), 호흡기계 질환 1,607명(22.8%), 소화기계 질환 1,026명(14.6%), 증상, 징후 및 불확실한 병태 863명(12.3%), 신경계 질환 399명(5.7%) 등의 순이었다. 입원치료는 2,109명으로 전체 응급실 방문 소아의 30.0%를 차지하였다. 결 론 : 2000년대 이후 종합병원 응급실 방문 환자들의 분포는 이전의 보고들에 비하여 소아 환자의 비율이 현저하게 줄어 들었는데, 이것은 의료전달체계의 변화, 출산율의 감소 및 소아과 전문 병원의 증설 등의 영향에 기인할 것으로 추정된다. 소아 환자의 질병별 분포에서는 다른 보고들과 유사하게 사고 및 중독의 비율이 가장 높았으나, 급성비인두염이나 급성장염과 같은 1차 진료기관에서도 얼마든지 처치가 가능한 비응급 질환의 비율이 여전히 높은 것을 확인하였다. 이는 소아 환자들에 있어서 3차 진료기관 응급실은 여전히 일차 진료기관으로서의 불필요한 역할을 담당하고 있어, 국민들의 의식 계몽과 함께 의료 체계의 개선 등이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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