The Predictive Value of Laser Doppler for Flap Survival

재관류손상을 받은 가토의 이개 피판에서 레이저도플러에 의한 피판 생존의 예측

  • Kim, Seok Kwun (Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Park, Jung Min (Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Baek, Chang Yoon (Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Jung, Gi Hwan (Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Lee, Keun Cheol (Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Jung, Jin Suk (Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Park, Ju In (Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Park, Byung Ho (Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University)
  • 김석권 (동아대학교 의과대학 성형외과학교실) ;
  • 박정민 (동아대학교 의과대학 성형외과학교실) ;
  • 백창윤 (동아대학교 의과대학 성형외과학교실) ;
  • 정기환 (동아대학교 의과대학 성형외과학교실) ;
  • 이근철 (동아대학교 의과대학 성형외과학교실) ;
  • 정진숙 (동아대학교 의과대학 병리과학교실) ;
  • 박주인 (동아대학교 의과대학 생화학교실) ;
  • 박병호 (동아대학교 의과대학 진단방사선과학교실)
  • Received : 2005.03.17
  • Published : 2005.07.10

Abstract

If we could predict the necrosis of the flap caused by reperfusion injury, we can minimize the necrosis of the flap by taking appropriate action before necrosis begins. In this study, we examined whether we can predict the survival of flap under reperfusion injury or not, by measuring laser doppler flow meter values. We divided the group into the control and experimental groups corresponding to 6, 8, 9, 10, and 12hours after reperfusion(hours after ligation of auricular central artery). In each group, we examined necrotic change, perfusion unit (PU), serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, angiography and pathologic findings. No necrosis was observed in the 6 and 8 hours group but 8, 18, 20 hours after ligation, necrosis was observed, Also in each of 9, 10 and 12 hours group (each group consisted of 20 flaps), necrosis were noted. According to the above data, the critical time of necrosis in the auricular skin flap model lies between about 8 to 9 hours. Comparing the PU between the necrosis and non-necrosis groups, the former group showed a mean 39.57 PU increase after 60 min of reperfusion, and the latter group showed a mean increase of 21.21 PU. We can conclude that better flow can dilute oxygen free radical into systemic circulation, and this means less injuries are caused on vessels. Our study implies that if blood flow increase is less than 30 PU, intensive care is needed to save the flap. Additionally, we found significant decrease of serum SOD and glutathione peroxidase in the necrotic group. Therefore, monitoring these serum markers will be helpful in predicting reperfusion injury and supplementing these enzymes could be helpful to save the flap. The laser doppler flow meter is thought to be helpful in clinical circumstances for evaluating the circulation of the flap after the operation. However, more accumulation of clinical studies should be necessary establishing useful clinical data.

Keywords

References

  1. Yuen JC, Feng Z: Monitoring free flaps using the laser doppler flowmeter: Five-year experience. Plast Reconstr Surg 105: 55, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-200001000-00009
  2. Stem MD, Lappe DL, Bowen PD, Chimosky JE, Holloway GA, Keiser HR, Bowman RL: Continuous measurements of tissue blood flow by laser-doppler spectroscopy. Am J Physiol 232:441, 1977
  3. Hovius SER, Van Adrichem LNA, Mulder HD, Van Strik R, Van der Mealen JC: The predictive value of the laser doppler flowmeter for postoperative microvascular monitoring. Ann Plast Surg 31: 307, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000637-199310000-00004
  4. Holloway GA, Watkins DW: Laser doppler measurement of cutaneous blood flow. J Invest Derma 69: 306, 1977 https://doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12507665
  5. Fischer JC, Parker PM, Shaw WW: Comparison of two laser flowmeters for the monitoring of dermal blood flow. Microsugery 4: 164, 1983 https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.1920040304
  6. Svensson H, Svedman P, Holmberg J, Wieslander JB: Detecting changes of arterial and venous blood flow in flaps. Ann Plast Surg 35: 15, 1985
  7. Hwang JW, Park DB: Estimation of the normal skin blood flow by laser doppler flowmetery. J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg 23: 394, 1996
  8. Goldberg J, Sepka RS, Perona BP, Pederson WC, Klitzman B: Laser doppler blood flow measurements of common cutaneous donor sites for reconstructive surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 85: 581, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199004000-00013
  9. Fernando B, Young VL, Logan SE: Miniature implantable laser doppler probe monitoring of free tissue transfer. Ann Plast Surg 20: 434, 1988 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000637-198805000-00006