Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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Sources of Alkylphenol Polyethoxylate and their Fate in the Central Nakdong River Basin

낙동강 중류 수계에 있어서 Alkylphenol Polyethoxylate의 오염원과 잔류특성

  • Lee, Se-Han (Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Civil, Urban and Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Lee, Shun-Hwa (Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Civil, Urban and Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Lee, Chul-Hee (Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Civil, Urban and Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University)
  • 이세한 (영남대학교 건설환경공학부 환경공학) ;
  • 이순화 (영남대학교 건설환경공학부 환경공학) ;
  • 이철희 (영남대학교 건설환경공학부 환경공학)
  • Published : 2005.12.31
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Abstract

Alkylphenol Polyethoxylate(APEs) and their metabolites were determined in the aquatic environment in the central Nakdong river basin. The concentrations of APE's ranged between $0.62{\sim}11.70\;{\mu}g/L$ from the Nakdong and the Kumho rivers, and were $70.00{\sim}212.50\;{\mu}g/L$ in the samples from the 3rd industrial complex stream and the Dalseo stream, which are both heavily polluted by industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater. The APEs revealed a removal rate of more than 87% by biodegradation and adsorption etc. in the wastewater treatment plant. Nonylphenol polyethoxylates(NPnEO) and Nonylphenol carboxylic acid(NPnEC) consisted of APE metabolites shifted from NP($n=4{\sim}10$)EO and NP($n=4{\sim}10$)EC to NP($n=1{\sim}3$)EO and NP($n=1{\sim}3$)EC or removed by the adsorption of activated sludge during the biological wastewater treatment process. Upper streams have a higher distributed rate of NP($n=7{\sim}10$)EO than water downstream. Continuous monitoring is necessary for non-point sources as well as point sources, such as a wastewater treatment plant. Effluent concentrations of nonylphenol(NP) in industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater averaged about 4.33 and $1.70\;{\mu}g/L$, respectively. In addition, the removal rate average was 90% in the wastewater treatment plant. NP concentrations in the rivers did not exceed $1.0\;{\mu}g/L$, which are prescribed by environmental risk concentration in the USA and Europe. However, NP required continuous monitoring, which detected over $0.1\;{\mu}g/L$ in all river areas.

낙동강중류에 있어서 APE(Alkylphenol Polyethoxylate) 및 APE의 분해산물인 NPnEO(Nonylphenol polyethoxylates), NPnEC(Nonylphenol carboxylic acid), NP(Nonylphenol)의 농도 분포를 조사하였다. 각 지점에 있어서 APE의 농도분포는 낙동강과 금호강에서는 $0.62{\sim}11.70\;{\mu}g/L$의 범위를 나타내었고, 공장폐수 및 가정하수가 유입되는 3공단천과 달서천에서는 $70.00{\sim}212.50\;{\mu}g/L$로 조사되었다. 하수처리장에서 APE는 생물분해와 흡착 등에 의해 87% 이상의 제거율을 나타내었다. APE의 분해생성물인 NPnEO와 NPnEC는 생물처리에 의해 NP($n=4{\sim}10$)EO 및 NP($n=4{\sim}10$)EC가 NP($n=1{\sim}3$)EO 및 NP($n=1{\sim}3$)EC로 분해 혹은 슬러지 등에 흡착 제거되는 것으로 조사되었으며, 하천에서는 하류지역이 상류지역보다 생물분해가 덜 진행된 NP($n=7{\sim}10$)EO의 분포분율이 높았다. 따라서 하수처리장과 같은 점오염원뿐만 아니라 비점오염원에 대한 지속적인 감시가 요구되어진다. APE의 최종 분생생성물인 NP는 공장폐수 및 가정하수에서 각각 $4.33\;{\mu}g/L$, $1.70\;{\mu}g/L$를 나타내었고, 하수처리장에서 평균 90% 정도의 제거율을 나타내었다. 그리고, 하천에 있어서 NP의 농도는 미국 및 유럽에서 환경유해농도로 규정하는 $1.0\;{\mu}g/L$를 초과하지는 않았지만, $0.1\;{\mu}g/L$ 이상 전 지역에서 검출되어 NP의 지속적인 감시가 요구된다.

Keywords

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