Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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Removal of Organic Matter and Nitrogen in a Model System of Riverbed Filtration

하상여과 모형에서 유기물과 질소의 제거

  • Ahn, Kyu-Hong (Water Environment and Remediation Center, KIST(Korea Institute of Science and Technology)) ;
  • Sohn, Dong-Bin (Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Kim, Seung-Hyun (Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University)
  • 안규홍 (한국과학기술연구원 수질환경 및 복원연구센터) ;
  • 손동빈 (영남대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 김승현 (영남대학교 환경공학과)
  • Published : 2005.05.31
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Abstract

A column experiment was performed to investigate the influence of the sludge cake development on the riverbed and the hydraulic gradient imposed by the drawdown at the well on the filtrate quality in order to offer a guideline in the design and operation of the riverbed filtration. Results show that the sludge cake on the riverbed plays an important role in the removal of the organic matter. Under the conditions of this study the COD removal rate increased from 17% to 50% along with the sludge cake development, which was equivalent to the BCOD removal of 22% and 67%, respectively. The active removal of the organic matter took place in the sludge cake and the upper 40 cm of the riverbed. As the flow rate increased owing to the increase in the head difference imposed on the column, the slope of the COD profile near the column inlet decreased, however, the profiles converged in about 40 cm from the inlet. In 10 days of sludge cake formation the dissolved oxygen was depleted at the depth of 70 cm, which suggests the denitrification can take place beyond the depth. This depth was further reduced to $20{\sim}40\; cm$ as the sludge cake developed. From this study the removal of organic matter can be expected through the riverbed filtration even with the depth of as shallow as 3 m, which is frequently met in Korea, while the removal of nitrogen through denitrification is not expected to be active under the condition.

하상여과의 효율적인 적용에 대한 지침을 얻기 위해 이를 모사하는 칼럼실험을 수행하여 적용되는 수두차와 슬러지 케익의 발달에 따른 수질변화를 조사하였다. 하상여과에서 유기오염물을 제거하는데 가장 중요한 요소는 슬러지 케익의 발달임을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 조건에서 슬러지 케익의 발달에 따라 COD제거율은 17%에서 50%로 증가하였고, 이를 BCOD로 환산하면 22%에서 67%로 증가한 것이었다. BCOD가 활발히 제거되는 구간은 슬러지 케익층과 하상 약 40 cm 깊이까지였다. 수두차에 의한 유량이 클수록 칼럼입구에서 COD가 완만하게 제거되었으나 약 40 cm 이상에서는 COD 농도곡선이 유량에 따라 다르지 않고 모두 일정하게 수렴함을 알 수 있었다. 10일 동안의 슬러지 케익 발달 이후에는 70 cm 깊이에서 용존산소가 고갈되어 탈질이 가능하였으며, 케익이 더욱 발달함에 따라 용존산소의 고갈깊이가 $20{\sim}40\;cm$까지 단축되었다. 본 연구의 결과로부터 우리나라에 널리 분포되어 있는 3 m 깊이 정도의 하상에서 하상여과를 통해 유기오염물은 충분히 제거되지만 탈질에 의한 질소제거는 제한적임을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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