우라늄(Uranium)의 한강수계내 분포와 정수처리 공정별 거동 특성

Distribution of Uranium in the Han River and Behavior through the Water Treatment Process

  • 정관조 (서울특별시 상수도연구소) ;
  • 김덕찬 (서울시립대 화학공학과) ;
  • 박현 (서울특별시 상수도연구소) ;
  • 오세종 (서울특별시 상수도연구소)
  • Jeong, Gwan-Jo (Waterworks Research Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government) ;
  • Kim, Dok-Chan (Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Seoul) ;
  • Park, Hyeon (Waterworks Research Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government) ;
  • Oh, Sea-Jong (Waterworks Research Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government)
  • 발행 : 2005.04.30

초록

본 연구에서는 지표수 중의 자연적 방사성핵종인 Uranium-238에 대해 서울시 한강 팔당 상수원수와 정수 중의 존재량을 조사하고, 서울시 6개 정수장 정수처리 공정별 우라늄의 거동 및 제거 특성에 대하여 조사하였다. 분석 결과, 한강수계의 우라늄 농도는 $0.02{\sim}0.54\;{\mu}g/L$의 범위로 나타났다. 시료 내에 존재하는 총용존성고형물의 양, 전기전도도와 우라늄 농도 사이의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 정수의 경우를 제외하고 총용존성고형물의 양과 전기전도도가 증가하면 우라늄 농도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지질구조의 구성에 따른 우라늄 농도 분포를 조사한 결과, 조사대상 지역이 대부분 호상편마암 지역으로 우라늄 농도와 상관관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 6개 정수장 공정별 평균 우라늄 농도는 원수 $0.134\;{\mu}g/L$, 응집수 $0.050\;{\mu}g/L$, 침전수 $0.029\;{\mu}g/L$, 여과수 $0.020\;{\mu}g/L$, 정수 $0.019\;{\mu}g/L$로 여과공정 이후의 우라늄 농도는 최대 $0.029\;{\mu}g/L$ 이하의 낮은 수준을 유지했다. 원수 대비 공정별 평균 우라늄 제거율은 응집공정에서 63%, 침전공정에서 15%, 여과 소독공정에서 8%로 나타났으며, 원수 대비 78%가 응집 침전공정에서 제거되었으며 8%가 여과 소독공정에서 제거됨을 알 수 있었다.

This research was focused on the distribution of Uranium-238 concentration in the Han River. Also, six water treatment plants in Seoul have been investigated to find out the behaviour and the removal capability of uranium. The uranium concentrations were ranged $0.02{\sim}0.54{\mu}g/L$ in the Han River. The relationship between conductivity and total dissolved solids shows that uranium concentration is positively related with conductivity and total dissolved solids. In addition, it has been founded that there was no relevance between uranium concentration and geological structure, because most of the sampling area are Banded Gneiss. The average uranium concentration in six water treatment plants was determined to $0.134\;{\mu}g/L$ in raw water, $0.050\;{\mu}g/L$ in coagulated water, $0.029\;{\mu}g/L$ in settled water, $0.020\;{\mu}g/L$ in filtered water, $0.019\;{\mu}g/L$ in finished water. After filtration in the treatment process, uranium concentration level was maintained lower than $0.029\;{\mu}g/L$. The average uranium removal efficiency compared to the raw water was 63% after coagulation, 15% after sedimentation, 8% after filtration and disinfection. The analysis shows that 78% of uranium in the raw water was removed during coagulation and sedimentation processes. However, 8% of that was removed through filtration and chlorination processes.

키워드

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