Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Growth Characteristics and Germanium Absorption of Rice Plant with Different Germanium Concentrations in Soil

토양중 게르마늄 농도에 따른 벼의 생육 특성 및 게르마늄 흡수

  • Lee, Seong-Tae (Gyeongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Young-Han (Gyeongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Choi, Yong-Jo (Gyeongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Dae (Gyeongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Chun-Hee (Gyeongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Heo, Jong-Soo (Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National Univ.)
  • 이성태 (경상남도농업기술원 식물환경연구과) ;
  • 이영한 (경상남도농업기술원 식물환경연구과) ;
  • 최용조 (경상남도농업기술원 식물환경연구과) ;
  • 이상대 (경상남도농업기술원 식물환경연구과) ;
  • 이춘희 (경상남도농업기술원 식물환경연구과) ;
  • 허종수 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부)
  • Published : 2005.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In order to obtain the basic information for agricultural utilization of Germanium(Ge), the growth characteristics and Ge absorption of rice plant were investigated with different Ge concentration in soil. Ge concentrations were treated with 0, 2.5, 5.0 7.5 and 10.0 mg/kg in pot(1/5,000a), respectively. As higher the Ge concentration in soil, the Ge absorption amount in straw, husk and brown rice were increased. But the yields were decreased with the increase of Ge phytotoxicity. When rice plant was grown more than 2.5 mg/kg Ge(as $GeO_2$) in the soil, growth was inhibited by germanium phytotoxicity and necrosis spots were observed in the rice leaf blades. Therefore the optimum concentration of Ge was less than 2.5 mg/kg in rice plant. When rice plant was cultivated on soil supplemented with 2.5 mg/kg Ge, Ge content in straw, husk and brown rice was 103.4, 30.2 and 3.02 mg/kg, respectively. The Ge content in plant was high in the order of straw > husk > brown rice. Most of the amino acids in rice were increased with the increase of Ge treatment, besides, total amino acid contents also increased.

게르마늄의 약리효능이 알려짐에 따라 게르마늄이 강화된 기능성 농산물의 요구도가 높아지는 추세이다. 본 연구는 게르마늄의 농업적 이용에 대한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 실시하였으며, 벼의 생육 및 게르마늄 흡수에 미치는 게르마늄처리 효과는 다음과 같다. 게르마늄을 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 및 10.0 mg/kg으로 처리한 토양을 와그너포트에 넣어 벼를 재배한 결과, 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가할수록 게르마늄 독성의 증가로 초장, 수장, 수수 및 수량이 급격히 감소하였으며 게르마늄 2.5 mg/kg 이상에서는 게르마늄 독성이 발생하였다. 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가 할수록 벼의 게르마늄 흡수량은 증가하였으나 벼의 게르마늄 이용률은 게르마늄 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 mg/kg 처리에서 각각 20.7, 12.5 및 7.5%로서 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가할수록 감소하였다. 벼의 부위별 게르마늄 함량은 볏짚>왕겨>현미 순으로 높았다. 게르마늄 2.5 mg/kg 처리시 볏짚 왕겨 및 현미의 게르마늄 함량은 각각 103.4, 30.2 및 3.02 mg/kg 이었고, 볏짚과 왕겨에서는 게르마늄 무처리에서도 각각 2.9 및 3.9 mg/kg을 함유하고 있었다. 쌀의 아미노산 함량을 분석한 결과 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가할수록 Asx., Thr., Ser. 등 대부분 종류의 아미노산 함량이 증가하였으며, 그 결과 현미중 질소흡수량도 증가하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Obara, K., Saito, T., Sato, H., Yamakage, K., Watanabe, T., Kakizawa, M. Tsukamoto, T., Kobayashi, K., Hongo, M. and Yoshinaga, K. (1991) Germanium poisoning; clinical symptoms and renal damage caused by long-term intake of germanium. Japanese Jouranal of Medicine. 30(1), 67-72 https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine1962.30.67
  2. Iijima, M., Mugishirra, M., Takeuchi, M., Uchiyama, S., Kobayashi, I. and Maruyama, S. (1990) A case of inorganic germanium poisoning with peripheral and cranial nephropathy. Myopathy and autonomic dysfunction, 42(9), 851-856
  3. Jang, J. J., K. J. Cho, Y. S. Lee, and Bae, J. H. (1991) Modifying responses of allyl sulfide, indole-3-carbinol and germanium in a rat multi-organ carcinogenesis model, Carcinogenesis, 12(4), 691-695 https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/12.4.691
  4. Jao, S. W., Lee, W. and Ho, Y. S. (1990) Effect of germanium on 1,2-dimethylhydrazin induced intestinal cancer in rats. Dis. Colon Recuhum. 33, 99-104 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02055535
  5. Mochizuki, H. and Kada, T. (1982) Antimutagenic effect of Ge-132 on ${\gamma}$-ray-induced mutation in Eschercllia coli B/rWP2. Int. J. Radiat. Biol., 42(6), 653-659 https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008214551621
  6. Suzuki, F., Brutkiewicz, R. R. and Pollard, R. B. (1986) Cooperation of lymphokine(s) and marcophages in expression of antitumor activity of carboxyethylgermanium(Ge-132). Antitumor Res. : 62(2), 177-182
  7. Aso, H., Suzuki, F., Yamaguchi, T., Hayashi, Y., Ebina, T. and Ishida, N. (1985) Induction of interferone and activation of NK cells and macrophages in mice by oral administration of Ge-12, and organic germanium compound, Microbial. lmmunol., 29(1), 65-74
  8. Dimartino, M. J. (1986) Antiarthritic and immunoregulatory activity of spirogerrnanium. J. Phrmnacol. Exp. Ther., 236(1), 103-110
  9. Sasaki, K., Ishikawa, M., lvlonma, K. and Takayanagi, G. (1984) Effect of carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide(Ge132) on the acute inflammation and $CCl_4$ induced hepatic damage in mice. Pharmacometrice, 27(6), 1119-1131
  10. Kumano, N., Nakai, Y., Ishikawa, T., Koinumaru, S., Suzuki, S. and Konno, K. (1978) Effect of carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide in the methylcholathrene induced tumorigenesis. Sci. Rep. Res. inst. Tahoku Univ., 25, 89-95
  11. Suzuki, Y. and Taguchi, K. (1983) Pharmacological studies of carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide(Ge-132). Pharmacometrics, 26(5), 803-810
  12. Lee, H. M. and Chung, Y. (1991) Effect of organic germanium on metallothionnein induction in liver and kidney of cadmium and mercury intoxicated rats. Kor. Yakhak Hoeji, 35(2), 99-110
  13. Ho, C. C., Cherm, Y. F. and Lin, M. T. (1990) Effects of organogermanium compound 2-carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide on cardiovascular function motor activity in rats. Phannacology, 41, 286-291
  14. Bernstein, L, R, 1985. germanium geochemistry and mineralogy, Geochim. Cornochim. Acta 49, p. 2409-2422 https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(85)90241-8
  15. Kehlbeck, H. (1983) New geramanium containing yeast for medicinal and veterinary use. Deutsch Patent DE. 3345211
  16. Nobohiro, W., Osamu, I., Dakuro, K. and Koichi, Y. (1980) New approaches to using spent brewer's yeast. ASBC Journal, 38, 5
  17. Wei, X. S. (1992) Effect of yeast on bioenrichment of germanium. Food Science. 149, 49-54
  18. Lee, J. H., and Namkoong, S. B. (1997) Effect of germanium treatment on absorption of mineral element in rice seedling. J. Life Sci. & Nat. Res. Wonkwang Univ. 20, 27-34
  19. Lee, M. S., Lee, J. H, Kwon, T. O. and Namkoong, S. B. (1994) Increment of germanium contents in Angelica keiskie Koidz and Panax ginseng GA. Meyer by In Vitro propagation. Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci. 3(3), 251-258
  20. Park, B. W, Lee, J. H. and Kwon, T. O. (1996) Effects of $GeO_2$, and citric acid on germanium content of callus and plant in Angelica koreana MAX. Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci. 4(2), 101-108
  21. Ma. F. J. and Takahashi. E. (2002) Soil, Fertillizer, and Plant Silicon Researd; in Japan
  22. Kim, S. T., Lee, J. W., Choi, B. S. and Lee, B. J. (1988) Determination of germanium in ginseng radix by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. J. of Kor. Soc. of Analytical Science (2) : 203-209
  23. Sparkman, D. H., Stein, W. H. and Moore. S. (1958) Automatic recording apparatus for use in the chromatography of amino acids. Anal. Chem. 30, 1190-1197 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60139a006
  24. Dakley, W. M and Volcani, B. E. (1969). Role of silicon in diatom metabolism. A silicon requirement for deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in the diatom cylindrotheca fusiformis remann and lewin, Exptl. Cell, Res., 53, 334-339 https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4827(69)90514-X
  25. Matsumoto, H., Syo, S. and Takahashi, E. (1975) Translocation and some forms of germanium in rice plants. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 21, 273-279 https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.1975.10432642
  26. Datnoff. L. E., Snyder, G. H. and Korndoref, G. H. (2001) Silicon in Axriculture
  27. Jang, B. C. and Park, M. U. (1997) Absorption and accumulation of 5r-85 by rice(Oryza sativa L.) and its transfer factor from soil to plant. Korean J. Soil Science & Fertilizer. Vol. 30(2), 184-188

Cited by

  1. Effect of Germanium Foliar Spray Application on Growth Characteristics and Germanium Absorption in Rice vol.45, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2012.45.4.649
  2. Growth Characteristics and Germanium Absorption of Brasica juncea C. with Different Types of Germanium Compounds in Hydroponic Cultivation vol.44, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2011.44.3.465
  3. Germanium in the soil-plant system—a review pp.1614-7499, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3172-y