The Relationships among Infant's Delay Gratification, Delay Strategy, and Parents' Child-rearing Attitude

영아의 만족지연능력과 만족지연전략 및 어머니의 양육방식간의 관계

  • Received : 2005.12.12
  • Accepted : 2005.12.22
  • Published : 2005.12.31

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among delay gratification, delay strategy, and parents' child-rearing attitude. The participants of the study were 62, 18-36 month old infants, who demonstrated individual differences in the level of delay gratification and their mothers. The instruments of the study were infant's delay gratification and delay strategy were assessed by Mischele(1974) and the parents' responded to the parents' child-rearing attitude(Cho et al., 1999). Data were collected by menas of conducting observations on infants in experimental settings and completing questionnaires with mothers. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The delay gratification of infants differed accordingly to their age. Older infants displayed increased time in showing their delay gratification, while younger infants relatively exhibited shortened time. There was no significant difference in infants' sex and the order of the birth. 2. Following the age factor, the distraction strategy in the delay strategy played a significant difference to infants. Older infants required a frequent use of the distraction strategy in comparison to younger infants. 3. The previous two factors - delay gratification and distraction strategy-showed a positive relationship. 4. The delay gratification was significantly influenced by infants' age, parents' attitude, direct facing strategy, and infants' distraction strategy. However, the delay gratification was insignificantly accounted for by infants' sex.

본 연구에서는 영아의 만족지연능력과 만족지연전략 및 어머니의 통제성간의 관계를 알아보았다. 연구대상은 18-36개월의 영아였으며 만족지연능력 측정 실험은 Mischel(1974)이 고안한 자기 만족지연 실험을 Rha(1999)가 연령에 맞게 번안한 것을 사용하였다. 만족지연능력에 사용되는 전략으로는 직접응시 전략과 주의분산 전략으로 분류하여 관찰하였으며 어머니의 양육방식은 조복희, 이진숙, 이홍숙 그리고 권희경(1999)에 의해 개발된 척도의 일부인 통제 13문항을 발췌하여 사용하였다. 연구결과 영아의 월령이 증가함에 따라 만족지연능력이 증가하며, 영아가 사용하는 만족지연전략은 월령이 높아질수록 주의분산전략을 더 많이 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 영아의 월령, 만족지연 전략인 직접응시 전략과 주의분산 전략은 영아의 만족지연능력에 유의미한 영향을 주었다.

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