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MRI of Hydrosyringomyelia Combined to Hydrocephalus and Occipital Dysplasia in a Dog

개에서 뇌수두증과 후두골 이형성증을 동반한 척수공동증의 자기공명영상학적 평가 1례

  • Choi Chi-Bong (College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Bae Chun-Sik (College of Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim Hwi-Yool (College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University)
  • 최치봉 (건국대학교 수의과대학) ;
  • 배춘식 (전남대학교 수의과대학 및 생물공학연구소) ;
  • 김휘율 (건국대학교 수의과대학)
  • Published : 2005.08.01

Abstract

Hydrosyringomyelia is a dilation of the spinal cord central canal. In human it may be caused by congenital malformations such as Dandy-Walker syndrome and Chiari malformations or may be acquired as a result of infection, trauma or neoplasia. Hydrocephalus is an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles and occipital dysplasia is the dorsal extension of the foramen magnum. Hydrosyringomyelia and hydrocephalus can be confirmed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A 3-year-old male maltese was presented with a history of long-term seizure. Blood examination was all unremarkable. On rostrodorsal-caudoventral oblique radiograph of the skull showed severe occipital dysplasia. On brain sonography through the persistent fontanelle, severe lateral ventriculomegaly was revealed. MRI examination revealed hydrocephalus and hydrosyringomyelia. Diuretic therapy didn't reduce clinical symptoms and surgical decompression was conducted. The dog responded well with ventriculo-peritoneal shunting. MRI is the most superior modality to diagnose hydrocephalus and hydrosyringomyelia, to plan therapy and to determine the prognosis.

척수공동증(hydrosyringomyelia)은 척수내의 중심관(central canal)이 확장되는 질환으로 사람에 있어서는 Dandy-walker 증후군이나 Chiari 기형과 같은 선천적인 기형에 의해 발생되거나 감염, 외상 및 종양과 관련되어서도 발생된다. 뇌수두증(hydrocephalus)은 뇌척수액이 뇌실내에 과도하게 축적되는 것을 말하며 후두골 이형성증(occipital dysplasia)은 후두공이 과도하게 위쪽으로 연장되어 열린 질병이다. 척수공동증과 뇌수두증은 컴퓨터단층촬영이나 자기공명영상 검사에 의해 확진되어질 수 있다. 3세령의 수컷 말티즈가 장기간의 발작 증세를 주증으로 내원하였다. 혈액검사상 특이소견은 없었으나 rostrodorsal-caudoventral oblique의 두개골 방사선 검사에서 심한 두개골 이형성증 소견이 확인되었고 열려진 천문을 통한 초음파 검사상 양측 외측 뇌실이 모두 심하게 확장된 것이 확인되었다. 자기공명영상 검사에서 뇌수두증과 척수공동증이 진단되었다. 이뇨제를 중심으로 한 내과적 처치에 반응을 하지 않아 외과적 감압술(ventriculo-peritoneal shunting)을 시행하였고 현재까지 잘 유지되고 있다. 자기공명영상검사법은 뇌수두증과 척수공동증을 진단하고 그에 따른 치료계획을 수립하며 예후를 평가하는데 있어 가장 우수한 진단 기법이다.

Keywords

References

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