Changes in Microorganisms and Enzyme Activities of Low-salted Kochujang added with Horseradish Powder during Fermentation

양고추냉이 분말을 첨가한 저염 고추장의 숙성 중 미생물과 효소 활성의 변화

  • Oh, Ji-Young (R&D Center, Doosan Co.) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Suk (Research Center for Industrial Development of BioFood Materials, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Shin, Dong-Hwa (Faculty of Biotechnology (Food Science & Technology), Chonbuk National University)
  • 오지영 ((주)두산 R&D 센터) ;
  • 김용석 (전북대학교 바이오식품소재개발 및 산업화연구센터) ;
  • 신동화 (전북대학교 응용생물공학부(식품공학 전공))
  • Published : 2005.06.30

Abstract

To reduce salt content in Korean traditional kochujang, horseradish powder (1.2%, w/w) was added to kochujang with 4-10% salt, and its microbial characteristics, enzyme activities, and gas formation in kochujang were evaluated during fermentation far 120 days at $25^{\circ}C$. All treatments of kochujang had no effects on total viable bacterial numbers, which kept constant level, during fermentation (7.32-8.765 log CFU/g). Yeast numbers did not change under all treatments up to 90 days of fermentation, then decreased thereafter, ${\alpha}$-Amylase and ${\beta}$-amylase, and neutral- and acid-pretense activities of kochujang added with horseradish powder were higher than those of control group. ${\beta}$-Amylase activity of kochujang increased in proportion to salt concentration. Total accumulative volume of gas produced during fermentation of kochujang without horseradish powder was 5,892 mL/pack then decreased to 121-347mL/pack with low-salted kochujang (salt 4%, 6%) added with horseradish powder, Major gas produced was $CO_{2}(74-80%)$. Results indicate salt contents of kochujang could be lowered up to 6% by addition of horseradish powder without gas formation and quality alteration.

전통고추장의 유통 중 문제가 되는 가스팽창을 억제하면서 식염 첨가량을 낮추기 위하여 양고추냉이 분말 1.2%(w/w)를 첨가한 저염 고추장(식염 $4{\sim}10%$)을 $25^{\circ}C$에서 120일 동안 발효 숙성시키면서 미생물과 효소 활성의 변화 및 가스발생량에 대하여 시험하였다. 일반 세균수는 발효 기간 중 $7.32{\sim}8.76 CFU/g$의 수준을 유지하였으며. 처리구간에 차이는 없었고, 효모수는 발효 90일까지 차이가 없었다. 양고추냉이 분말을 첨가한 고추장의 ${\alpha$- 및 ${\beta$-amylase, 중성 및 산성 protease 활성은 발효 숙성기간 중 전반적으로 대조구보다 높게 나타났으며, ${\beta$-amylase 활성은 식염의 농도가 높을수록 높게 나타났다. 양고추냉이 분말을 첨가하지 않은 대조구는 발효 초기부터 급격히 가스를 발생(5,892mL/pack)시켰으며, 식염 4% 및 6% 첨가한 양고추냉이 처리구는 각각 발효 8일 및 10일까지 가스가 발생되지 않다가 그 이후 약간의 가스($121{\sim}347mL/pack$)를 발생시켰다. 이때 가스의 주성분으로서 이산화탄소가 $74{\sim}80%$를 차지하였으며, 산소의 조성비는 0.5% 미만이었다.

Keywords

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