Ginseng Transformation of Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Gene Relative Salt Resistant through Somatic Embryogenesis

염류내성관련 유전자 Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Gene의 인삼 체세포 배발생을 통한 형질전환

  • Yoon Young-Sang (College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Bae Chang-Hyu (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Song Won-Seob (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Yoon Jae-Ho (Institute of KuRae Wild Flower) ;
  • Yang Deok-Chun (College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University)
  • 윤영상 (공주대학교 식물자원학과) ;
  • 배창휴 (순천대학교 농업생명과학대학) ;
  • 송원섭 (순천대학교 농업생명과학대학) ;
  • 윤재호 (구례야생화 연구소) ;
  • 양덕춘 (경희대학교 생명과학부)
  • Published : 2005.02.01

Abstract

Korean ginseng(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is very difficult to obtain stable production of qualified ginseng roots because of variable stresses in soil environments. In transformation of ginseng with betain aldehyde dehydrogenase gene, compounds synthesized for controlling osmotic pressure such as proline, glycine, betaine, polyols and sugar were accumulated in cell for salt resistance in transgenic plants. 2 Agrobactgerium conjugants were acquired with bet A and bet B genes for solt resistant plants. A. tumefaciens MP90/pBetA and A. tumefaciens MP90/pBetB were recombined for increasing the tolerance to salt stress. To confirm the transformation of the binary vector, tobacco plant was transformed, and the transformant can grow on media containing high concentration of kanamycin. To identify NPT 11, BetA and BetB genes of the transformants, the band on the agarose was confirmed by PCR and RT-PCR techniques. The transformants of ginseng with bet A and bet B genes were acquired on the phytohormone free basic MS media containing only antibiotics and 1M mannitol used for selection of transgenic plant, but the transfomation efficiency for BetA and BetB was very low.

염류내성 식물은 염류농도의 변화에 따라 세포내의 삼투압을 유지하기 위한 화합물을 합성하는 기작을 가지고 있는데 이런 화합물은 주로 proline, glycine, betaine, polyols, sugar등으로 체내에 축적함으로서 고농도의 염류에 견디는 것으로 알려져 있다. Betaine은 미생물에서 2단계 반응을 통해 choline에서 합성되는데, 첫단계는 choline dehydrogenase (CDH)에 의해서 촉매되고(Bet A gene), bet B 유전자의 산물인 betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase(BADH)에 의해 수행된다. 본 실험에서는 Bet A, Bet B 유전자를 아그로박테리움에 도입하여 새로운 conjugants 2 종을 획득하였으며 (Agrobacterium tumefaciens MP90/pBet A, Agrobacterium tumefaciens MP90/pBet B), 먼저 재조합된 binary vector가 식물에서 발현 및 형질 전환되는지 여부를 조사하기 위해서 이미 담배에 형질전환을 시켰으며, 형질전환된 담배에서는 ,고농도의 kanamycin배지에서 생장이 가능하였고, PCR에 의하여 NPT II, Bet A, Bet B gene를 조사한 결과 담배 유식물체 모두 band가 형성되어 형질전환체임을 확인할 수 있었다. 인삼에 Beth, BetB gene의 도입은 1M의 mannitol이 함유된 식물호르몬 무첨가 MS 배지에서 단일배 발생방법에 형질전환체를 획득하였으나, 형질전환체의 발생빈도$(12\%)$가 매우 낮았다.

Keywords

References

  1. Gabriele, M., M.S. Jurgan and J.B. Hans. 1990. Direct screening of a small genome: Estimation of the magnitude of plant gene expression changes during adaptation to high salt. Mol. Gen. Genet. 224:347-356
  2. Heinz-U. G., D. Thomas, R. Gaxiola, F. Montrichard, S. K. Yolande and R. Serrano. 1993. Salt tolerance and methionine biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involve a putative phosphatase gene. The EMBO Journal 12(8): 3105-3110
  3. Hiraga, H., T. Oshima, M. Ishida and G. Kajiyama. 1996. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene polymorphism and salt sensitivity in essential hypertension. Hypertension 27:569-572 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.27.3.569
  4. Huraki, C., K. Taishi, K. Yamashita and S. Kagawa. 1993. Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using PCR and non-radioactive DNA porbes. Rinsho Byori 41:1159-66
  5. Jolley, K.A., E. Rapaport, D.W. Hough and M.J. Danson. 1996. Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase from the halophilicarchaeon Haloferax volcanii: homology over expression of the cloned gene. J. Bacteriol 178: 3044-3048 https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.178.11.3044-3048.1996
  6. McCue, K.F. and Hanson A.D. 1992. Salt-inducible betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase from sugar beet: eDNA cloning and expression. Plant Molecular Biology 18: 1-11 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00018451
  7. Nabors, M.W., S.E. Gibbs, C.S. Bernstein and M.E. Meis. 1980. NaCl-tolerant tobacco plants from cultured cells. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. Bd. 97.:13-17 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-328X(80)80061-4
  8. Ryu J.H., T.H. Kwon, S.Y. Choi. 1991. Tissue culture for the selection salt tolerant lines in Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) Korean J. Plant Tissue Culture 4:239-246
  9. York, M.K., L. Gibbs, F. Chehab and G.F. Broohs, 1996. Comparison of PCR detection of mecA with standard susceptibility testing methods to determing methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci. J. Clin Microbilo 34:249-253
  10. 김명수, 이종화, 이태수, 백남인. 1984. 인삼 생리장해 방제에 관한 연구. 인삼연구보고서(재배분야). 한국인삼연초연구소 p. 1-96
  11. 배효원.1979. 고려인삼. 고려인삼연구소 p.238-256
  12. 오승환, 박창석, 김영인. 1979. 적변삼 원인연구. 인삼연구보고서(재배분야). 고려인삼연구소 p. 3-15