Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea (대한화장품학회지)

Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea (대한화장품학회)
권호 표지

A Study on the Effect of Mountain Ginseng Adventitious Roots Extract

산삼부정근 추출물의 효능${\cdot}$효과에 관한 연구

  • 유영근 (한국화장품(주) 기술개발연구소) ;
  • 정민석 (한국화장품(주) 기술개발연구소) ;
  • 이윤희 (한국화장품(주) 기술개발연구소) ;
  • 최종완 (한국화장품(주) 기술개발연구소) ;
  • 김중회 (한국화장품(주) 기술개발연구소) ;
  • 백기엽 (충북대학교 첨단원예기술개발연구센터)
  • Published : 2004.11.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study reviewed the application of an extract from mountain ginseng adventitious roots which had been grown through tissue culture as a cosmetic ingredient. The mountain ginseng adventitious roots were derived from mountain ginseng callus that was induced from mountain ginseng root whose origin is estimated to date back about one hundred years ago. The adventitious roots were separated from callus and grown in a 20 L bioreactor. In order to proliferate the adventitious roots, they were cultured for 5 weeks in bioreactor. Then the harvested mountain ginseng adventitious roots were dried and extracted. For verifying skin whitening effect of an extract from the tissue-cultured mountain ginseng adventitious roots in vivo, we performed the clinical test of it. The research showed the significant skin whitening effect of a mountain ginseng adventitious roots extract and the statistical analysis showed a significant difference (p<0.0001) between sample ($2\%$ mountain ginseng adventitious roots extract) and placebo. But, some saponins showed below $10\%$ inhibitory effect of tyrosinase and melanin synthesis in B-16 melanoma. The extracts of red ginseng and ginseng which were the same concentration as the tissue-cultured mountain ginseng adventitious roots extract's showed little inhibitory effect of tyrosinase and melanin synthesis in B-16 melanoma. In DPPH test, Anti-hydroxyl radical activity of $0.5\%$ the tissue-cultured mountain ginseng adventitious roots extract was $86\%.$.

본 연구는 식물조직배양 기술을 이용하여 대량으로 배양된 산삼부정근의 추출물에 대한 화장품 원료로서의 응용 가능성을 검토하였다. 본 실험에서 사용된 산삼부정근은 강원도 평창에서 채취한 110년생 천종산삼으로부터 유래된 캘러스에서 부정근을 유도한 후 절취하여 생물 배양기에서 액체 현탁액으로 대량 배양시켰다. 약 5주간의 배양기간을 거쳐 증식된 산삼부정근을 세척하고 건조시킨 후 추출하여 산삼부정근 추출물을 얻었다 조직 배양된 산삼 부정근 추출물의 in vivo에서의 미백 효과를 검증하기 위하여 조직배양된 산삼부정근 추출물을 함유한 제형을 이용한 미백 임상실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과 산삼부정근 추출물을 함유한 제형에서 두드러진 미백효과를 보여주었으며 통계적으로도 유의차(p<0.0001)를 보여주었다. 그러나 산삼의 주요 성분인 일부 saponin에 대한 tyrosinase 억제 실험 및 B-16 melanoma를 이용한 미백 실험을 실시한 결과 미백효과가 $10\%$ 이하로 낮게 나왔으며 인삼 및 홍삼 추출물의 경우에서도 산삼부정근 추출물과 같은 농도에서는 거의 미백 효과가 관찰되지 않았다. 또한 항산화 효과를 알아보기 위한 DPPH 실험에서는 산삼부정근 추출물이 $0.05\%$ 농도에서 $85\%$ hydroxyl radical 소거능을 보여주었다.

Keywords

References

  1. C. B. Denton, A. B. Letter, and T. B. Fitzpattrick, Inhibition of melanin formation by chemical agent, J. Invest. Dermatol, 18, 119 (1952)
  2. M. Cooper and Y. Mishima, Substrate limiting melanogenic inhibitor in malignant melanomas, Nature, 216, 189 (1967)
  3. Urbach and Frederick, The Biologic effects of ultraviolet radiation emphasis on skin, 1st international conference on skin & cancer, hospital temple university health science, Pergamon, N.Y. (1969)
  4. A. Libert, Use of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating-hormone analogue to improve alpha-melanocyte-stimulating-hormone receptor binding assay in human melanoma, Pigmant cell Res., 2, 510 (1989)
  5. G. Prota, Melanins and melanogenesis, Academic Press, N.Y. (1992)
  6. V. J. Hearing and M. Jimenez, Analysis of pigmentation at the molecular level, Pigment cell Res., 2, 95 (1989)
  7. V. J. Hearing and K. Jsukamoto, Enzymatic control of pigmentation in mammals, FASEB J., 5, 2902 (1991)
  8. H. S. Mason, The chemistry of melanin III. mechanism of the oxidation of dihydroxyphenylalanine and tyrosinase, J. Biol. Chem, 172, 83 (1948)
  9. I. J. Jackson, A cDNA encoding tyrosinase-related protein maps to the brown locus in mouse, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 85, 4392 (1988)
  10. D. Prota, Recent advances in the chemistry of melanogenesis in mammals, J. Invest. Dermatol., 75, 122 (1980)
  11. K. Maeda and M. Fkuda, In vitro effectiveness of several whitening cosmetic components in human melanocyte, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 42, 361 (1991)
  12. T. Ikeda and T. Tsutsumi, Function and skin depigmental activity of crude drugs, Fragrance J., 6, 59 (1990)
  13. H. S. Mason and E. W. Peterson, Melanoproteins reactions between enzyme-generated quinones and amino acids, Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 111, 134 (1965)
  14. P. R. Gorden, C. P. Mansur, and B. A. Gilchrest, Regulation of human melanocyte growth, dendricity and melanization by keratinocyte derived factors, J. Invest Dermatol, 92, 565 (1989)
  15. Y. Ishihara, M. Oka, M. Tsunakawa, K. Tomita, M. Hatori, H. Yamamoto, H. Kamei, T. Miyaki, and T. Oki, Melanostatin, a new melanin synthesis inhibitor, Production, isolation, chemical properties, structure and biological activity, J. Antibiotics, 44, 25 (1991)
  16. S. Nakagawa, P. Pawelek, and F. Grinnell, Long-term culture of fibroblasts in contracted collagen gels: effects on cell growth and biosynthetic activity, J.Invent. Dermatol., 93, 792 (1989)
  17. A. Garcia and J. E. Fulton, The combination of glycolic acid and hydroquinone or kojic acid for the treatment of melasma and related conditions, Dermatologic Surgery, 22(5), 443 (1996)
  18. C. Cotellessa, K. Peris, M. T. Onorati, M. C. Fargnoli, and S. Chimenti, The use of chemical peelings in the treatment of different cutaneous hyperpigmentations, Dermatol. Surg., 25(6), 450 (1999)
  19. 김상태, 서기석, 채영수, 엄상철, Arbutin, glycolic acid, kojic acid 및 pentadecenoic acid가 in vitro 및 in vivo에서 UVB 조사에 의한 색소형성에 미치는 영향, 대한 피부과학 회지, 32(6), 29 (1994)
  20. J. H. Ha, N. S. Jo, H. K. Kim, B. G. Lee, and W. J. Park, The depigmentation effect of a new material extracted from paper Mulberry and its comparison by three colorimetric instruments, J. Soc. Cosmet. Scientists Korea, 22(2), 9 (1996)
  21. T. P. Krishnakantha and B. R. Lokesh, Scavenging of superoxide anions by spice principles, J. Bioi. Chem., 30, 133 (1993)
  22. M. H. Sin, 산삼의 배양 및 그 응용에 관한 연구, J. Soc. Cosmet. Scientists Korea, 27(2), 45 (2001)
  23. E. J. Jung, J. W. Choi, J. H. Kim, and K. Y. Paek, The study on tissue cultured wild mountain ginseng (Panax Ginseng C. A. Meyer) adventitious roots extract as cosmetic ingredient, IFSCC, Proceeding Book Part I, 611 (2003)