Changes of Sensory Properties of Alaska Pollack Sikhae during Fermentation

전통 명태식해의 숙성중 관능적 특성 변화

  • 김소정 (한미향료화학주식회사) ;
  • 정은정 (창원대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김훈 (창원대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 조우진 (창원대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김광호 (창원전문대학 식품과학계열) ;
  • 임치원 (국립수산과학원 마린바이오21사업단) ;
  • 차용준 (창원대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2004.12.01

Abstract

The sensory properties in Alaska pollack sikhae were compared in 3 different temperature conditions, 5$^{\circ}C$, 20$^{\circ}C$ and alternating temperature(stored at 5$^{\circ}C$ after 10 days of fermentation at 20$^{\circ}C$), respectively, during fermentation. The change of instrumental texture including hardness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness and chewiness increased and/or decreased without significant difference in the sikhae fermented at 5$^{\circ}C$ during fermentation. Three profiles, hardness, chewiness and cohesiveness in the sikhae fermented at 20$^{\circ}C$ increased up to 12 day and then decreased, whereas those in alternating temperature decreased significantly. From the acceptance test during fermentation, sikhae products fermented for 14 days at 5$^{\circ}C$, 9 days at 20$^{\circ}C$ and 13 days at alternating temperature were superior in sensory properties. The score more over 5 point in overall acceptance was maintained until 14 days in 5$^{\circ}C$, 9 days in 20$^{\circ}C$ and 13 days in alternating temperature, respectively, and particularly, alternating temperature condition was superior to the different temperature conditions. The sensory texture and overall acceptance had the high positive correlation with chewiness and taste, respectively. From the result of quantitative descriptive analysis, the intensities of acidic odor and taste in alternating temperature maintained and/or increased during 27 days of fermentation, whereas those in sikhae fermented at 5$^{\circ}C$ decreased. These results demonstrated that cold chain system such as alternating temperature was needed for shelf-life extension and producing of marketable Allaska pollack sikhae.

명태식해를 제조하여 온도조건(5$^{\circ}C$, 2$0^{\circ}C$, 변온조건)에 따른 관능적 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 기계적 조직감의 변화는 5$^{\circ}C$의 경우 경도, 부착성, 응집성 및 씹힘성에서는 증감은 있었으나 유의적 차이가 없었다. 2$0^{\circ}C$에서는 경도, 응집성 및 씹힘성이 전반적으로 숙성 12일까지 증가하다가 그 후로는 감소하였으나, 변온에서는 유의적으로 감소하였고, 감소폭도 적었다. 숙성 온도별에 따른 기호도의 변화를 살펴보면 5$^{\circ}C$, 2$0^{\circ}C$ 및 변온은 각각 14일, 9일 및 13일이 관능적으로 가장 좋았으며, 종합적 기호도가 5점 이상점을 유지하는 시점은 각각 14일, 12일 및 21일로 변온의 경우가 가장 양호하였다. 그리고 관능적 조직감은 씹힘성과, 전반적 기호도는 맛과 높은 양의 상관관계를 가졌다. 정량적 묘사분석(QDA) 결과 일정 숙성기간 후에 변온조건으로 저장함으로써 신맛과 신냄새는 일정 강도를 유지한 반면에 5$^{\circ}C$에서는 오히려 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 결론적으로 변온조건이 다른 온도조건에 비해 관능적 품질(조직감 및 기호도)의 유지가 양호하였으며, 종합적 기호도(5점 이상)가 저장 21일까지 유지되어 5$^{\circ}C$의 14일, 2$0^{\circ}C$의 12일에 비해 연장효과가 있었다. 따라서 산업화를 위한 명태식해 제조에서는 저온저장의 고려는 필수적이라고 생각되었다.

Keywords

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