대한지역사회영양학회지 (Korean Journal of Community Nutrition)

대한지역사회영양학회 (The Korean Society of Community Nutrition)
권호 표지

항산화성 비타민 보충 급여가 경기지역 일부 대학생 흡연자와 비흡연자의 혈압과 혈장지질 및 엽산과 호모시스테인에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Antioxidant Vitamins Supplementation on Blood Pressure, Plasma Lipids, Folate, and Homocysteine Levels in Smokers and Non-Smokers of College Students in the Gyeonggi Area

  • 발행 : 2004.08.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

This study was performed to investigate the effect of vitamin C and E supplementation on blood pressure, plasma lipids, folate, and homocysteine levels in smokers and non-smokers of college male students in Gyeonggi Area. The nutrient intakes were determined by a 24hr-recall method. The subjects were divided into six groups: vitamin C sup-plementation group (n: smokers = 10, nonsmokers = 10), vitamin E supplementation group (n: smokers = 10, nonsmokers = 10), vitamin C and E supplementation group (n: smokers = 10, nonsmokers = 10), respectively. There were no significant differences between the smokers and nonsmokers in terms of anthropometric measurements. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in smokers than that of non-smokers. There was no significant difference in energy and other nutrients intakes between smokers and non-smokers. In plasma lipids levels, smokers had higher plasma triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol concentration than that of non-smokers (p < 0.05). HDL-cholesterol level of smokers had a tendency to be lower than that of non-smokers. In smokers, AI, TPH, LPH were significantly higher than that of non-smokers (p < 0.01). Plasma folate, homocysteine levels were not significantly different between smokers and non-smokers. The effect of antioxidant vitamins supplementation in smokers: In vitamin C supplementation group, HDL-cholesterol level was significantly in-creased (p < 0.01) and AI, TPH, LPH were significantly decreased (p < 0.01). In vitamin E supplementation group, HDL-cholesterol level was significantly increased (p < 0.05). In vitamin C and E supplementation group, LPH was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The effect of antioxidant vitamins supplementation in non-smokers: HDL-cholesterol level was significantly increased (p <0.05) and AI, TPH, LPH were significantly decreased (p <0.05) by vitamin C supplementation group. Plasma homocysteine level was decreased by vitamin E supplementation group in non-smokers (p < 0.01). The results of this study showed that smoking had a tendency to increase plasma lipids levels that factor into the risk of coronary heart disease. It is considered that antioxidant vitamin supplementation in smokers had a tendency to decrease cardiovascular disease than in nonsmokers.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 민혜선(2001): 한국 성안 남녀의 엽산 영양상태와 혈장 호모시스테인 농도. 한국영양학회지 34(4): 393-400
  2. 박정아(1995): 흡연자와 비흡연자의 식이섭취패턴 빛 혈청 비타민 수준의 비교 한남대학교 석사학위논문
  3. 이성숙(1996): 항산화성 비타민 보충 급여가 흡연자의 식품섭취 및 혈액 성상에 미치는 영향. 전남대학교 석사학위논문
  4. 장남수 . 김은정 . 김성윤(2000): 농촌지역 알코올 의존자들의 비타민 $B_6$ 및 엽산 영양상태. 한국영양학회지 33(3): 257-262
  5. Anderson R (1991): Assessment of the roles of vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene in the modulation of oxidant stress mediated by cigarette smoke-activated phagocytes. Am J Clin Nutr 53: 358s-361s https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/53.1.358S
  6. Araki A, Sako Y (1987): Determination of free and total homocysteine in human plasma by HPLC with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr 422: 43-52 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4347(87)80438-3
  7. Bolton-smith C, Woodward M, Brown CA, Tunstall-pedoe H (1993): Nutrient intake by duration of ex-smoking in the scottish heart health study. Br J Nutr 69: 315-332 https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19930036
  8. Buehring KU, Tamura T, Stokstad ELR (1974): Folate coenzymes of Lactobacillus casei and Streptococcus faecalis. J Bioi Chem 249: 1081
  9. EI-Khairy Lina, Ueland Per M, Refsum Helga, Fraham Lan M, Vollset Stein E (2001): Plasma total cysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. Locus for Homocysteine and Related Vitamins. University of Bergen Norway. Circulation 103(21): 2544-2549
  10. Frei B, Stocker R, Ames BN (1988): Antioxidants defenses and lipid peroxidation in human blood plasma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85(24): 1748-1752
  11. Friedwald WT, Levy RW, Fredrickson DS (1972): Estimation of the concentration of law density ripoprotein cholesterol without use of the preparative ultra centrifuse. Clin Chem 18(5): 499-502
  12. Gey KF, Brubacher GB, Stahelin HB (1987): Plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins in relation to ischemic heart disease and cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 45(5): 1368-1377 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/45.5.1368
  13. Gey KF, Puska P, Jordan P, Moser UK (1991): Inverse correlation between plasma vitamin E and mortality from ischemic heart disease in cross-cultural epidemiology. Am J Clin Nutr 53: 326s-334s https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/53.1.326S
  14. Giraud DW, Martin HD, Driskell JA (1995): Plasma and dietary vitamin C and E levels of tobacco chewers, smokers, and nonusers. J Am Diet Assoc 95(7): 798-800 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(95)00220-0
  15. Glynn SA, Albanes D, Pietinen P, Brown CC, Rautalahti M, Tangrea JA, Gunter EW, Barnett MJ, Virtamo J, Taylor PR (1996): Colorectal cancer and folate status: a nested case-control study among male smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 5(7): 487-494
  16. Guido Schnyder, Marco Roffi, Yvonne Flammer, Riccardo Pin, Otto Martin Hess (2002): Effect of Homocysteine-Lowering Therapy With Folic Acid, Vitamin $B_12$, and Vitamin $B_6$ on Clinical Outcome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The Swiss Heart Study: A Randomized Controlled Tria. JAMA 288: 973-979
  17. Haste FM, Brooke OG, Anderson HR, Bland JM, Peacock JL (1990): Social determinants of nutritent intake in smokers and non-smokers during pregnancy. J Epidemiol Community Health 44: 205-209 https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.44.3.205
  18. Hoogeveen EK, Kostense PJ, Beks PJ, Mackaay AJ, Jakobs C, Bouter LM, Heine RJ, Stehouwer CD (1998): Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with an increased risk of cardiovasccular disease, especially in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a population-based study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 18(1): 133-138 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.18.1.133
  19. Hwang SH, Sung CJ, Kim JI (1995): Analysis of dietary fiber content of common Korean foods. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 24: 396-405
  20. James F, Toole M, Rene Malinow, Lloyd E, Chambless J, David Spence L, Creed Pettigrew, Virginia J, Howard Elizabeth G, Sides Wang CH, Meir S Tampfer (2004): Lowering homocysteine in patients with ischemic stroke to prevent recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and death: the vitamin intervention for stroke prevention (VISP) randomized controlled trial. lAMA 291: 565-575
  21. Kang SS, Wong PW, Norusis M (1987): Homocysteinemia due to folate deficiency. Metabolism 36(5): 458-462 https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(87)90043-6
  22. Ludwig PW, Hoidal JR(1982): Alterations in leukocyte oxidative metabolism in cigarette smokers. Am Rev Respir Dis 126(6): 977-980
  23. Lewis B (1983): The lipoproteins: predictors, protectors, and pathogens. Br Med J 287: 1161-1164 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.287.6400.1161
  24. Malinow MR, Kang SS, Tayler LM, Wong PWK, Coull B, Inahara T, Mukerjee D, Sexton G, Upson B (1989): Prevalence of hyperho- mocysteiemia in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Circulation 79: 1180-1188 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.79.6.1180
  25. Mettlin C (1984): Epidemiologic studies on vitamin A and cancer. Adv Nutr Res 6: 47-65
  26. Midgette AS, Baron JA, Rohan TE (1993): Do cigarette smokers have diets that increase their risk of coronary heart disease and cancer? Am J Epidemiol 137(5): 521-529
  27. Miettinen OS (1978): Relation of cigarette smoking to myocardial infarction in young women. N Engl J Med 8(298): 1273-1276
  28. Moghadasian MH, McManus BM, Frohlich JJ (1997): Homocysteine and coronary artery disease. Clinical evidence and genetic and metabolic background. Arch Intern Med 157(20): 2299-2308
  29. Nakazawa Y, Chiba K, Imatoh N, Kotorii T, Sakamoto T, Ishizaki T (1983): Serum folic acid levels and antipyrine clearance rates in smokers and non-smokers. Drug Alcohol Depend 11(2): 201-207 https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-8716(83)90079-0
  30. Rosenberg L, Palmer JR, Shapiro S (1990): Decline in the risk of myocardial infarction among woman who stop smoking. New Engl J Med 322: 213-217 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199001253220401
  31. Reaven PD, Khouw A, Beltz WF, Parthasarathy S, Witztum JL (1993): Effect of dietary antioxidant combination in humans: Protection of LDL by vitamin E but not by beta-carotene. Arterioscler Thromb 13(4): 590-600 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.13.4.590
  32. Selhub J, Jacques PF, Wilson PW, Rush D, Rosenberg IH (1993): Vitamin status and intake as primary determinants of homocysteinemia in an elderly population. J Am Med Assoc 270(22): 2693-2698 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.270.22.2693
  33. Singh RJ, Goss SP, Joseph J, Kalyanaraman B (1998): Nitration of gamma-tocopherol and oxidation of alpha-tocopherol by copper-zinc superoxide dismutase/H2O2/NO2-: role of nitrogen dioxide free radical. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95(22): 12912-12917 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.22.12912
  34. Slone D, Shapiro S, Rosenberg L, Kaufman DW, Hartz SC, Rossi AC, Stolley PD, Piyathilake CJ, Macaluso M, Hine RJ, Richards EW, Krumdieck CL (1994) : Local and systemic effects of cigarette smoking on folate and vitamin $B_12$. Am J Clin Nutr 60(4): 559-566 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/60.4.559
  35. Smith CB (1993): Antioxidant vitamin intakes in Scottish smokers and non-smokers: Dose effects and biochemical correlates. Ann N Y Acad Sci 686: 347-360
  36. Tillotson JL, Gorder DD, Kassim N (1981): Nutrition data collection in the multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT): Baseline nutrient intake of a randomized population. J Am Diet Assoc 78(3): 235-140
  37. Van Meurs JBJ, Dhonukshe-Rutten RAM, Pluijm SMF, Van der Klift M, de Jonge R, Lindemans J, de Groot LCPGM, Hofman A, Witteman JCM, van Leeuwen JPTM, Breteler MMB, Lips P, Pols HAP, Uitterlinden AG (2004): Homocysteine Levels and the Risk of Osteoporotic Fracture. New Engl J Med 350: 2033-2041
  38. Welch GN, Loscalzo J (1998): Homocysteine and atherothrombosis. New EngI J Med 338(15): 1042-1050 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199804093381507