Journal of KIISE:Information Networking (한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신)

Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers (한국정보과학회)
권호 표지

A Bluetooth Scatternet Formation Algorithm based on Hardware Implementation

하드웨어 구현을 기반으로 한 블루투스 스캐터넷 형성 알고리즘

  • 이한욱 (서울대학교 기계항공공학부) ;
  • 고상근 (서울대학교 기계항공공학부)
  • Published : 2004.06.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Bluetooth has been reputed as a wireless ad-hoc networking technology supplying scalable and extensible networks between digital devices. For that kind of networks, scatternet is a most essential part in bluetooth. But past researches on bluetooth scatternet has proposed only possibilities of scatternet algorithm based on simulation results. And many of the researches failed in guaranteeing extensibility and flexibility and had many difficulties in real hardware implementation. In this paper, we proposed node ring scatternet(NRS) algorithm guaranteeing extensible and flexible networks. NRS algorithm is designed for hardware implementation using real commercial bluetooth module. That algorithm is divided into initial formation and reformation. For initial formation, we proposed limited SEEK/SCAN algorithm. For reformation, we proposed DIAC algorithm and Reserved Recovery Node algorithm. And we proposed SFMP(Scatternet Formation ＆ Management Protocol) in protocol stack for real implementation. NRS algorithm is operated in SFMP. Finally, we performed real hardware experiments and evaluated the proposed algorithm. In that experiments, we succeeded in forming scatternet up to 20 nodes. In comparison with other similar algorithm, proposed algorithm have the improvement in scatternet formation delay and success rate.

블루투스는 휴대폰을 비롯한 디지털 디바이스간의 탄력적이고 확장성 있는 무선 ad-hoc 네트워크를 제공할 수 있는 기술로 가능성을 인정받아왔다. 이러한 네트워크가 지원되기 위해서는 블루투스 스캐터넷(Scatternet)은 필수적인 요소이다. 그러므로 블루투스 스캐터넷과 관련되어서 현재까지 다양한 방법론이 제시되고 있다. 하지만 기존의 연구들은 시뮬레이션을 통한 방법론을 제시하는데 그치는 경우가 대부분이며, 스캐터넷의 탄력성과 확장성을 확보하지 못하고 그 복잡성으로 인해 하드웨어 구현에 제약이 있는 경우들이 많다. 본 논문에서는 실제 하드웨어 구현이 용이하고, 스캐터넷의 탄력성과 확장성을 확보할 수 있는 노드 링 스캐터넷(Node Ring Scatternet:NRS) 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이 알고리즘은 초기 형성과 재형성 부분으로 구성이 되어 있다. 초기 형성과 관련되어 제한적 SEEK/SCAN 알고리즘을 제안하였고, 재형성과 관련되어서는 DIAC 알고리즘과 예약 복구 노드(Reserved Recovery Node) 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 또 실제 시스템 상에서 스캐터넷 알고리즘을 운용하기 위한 SFMP(Scatternet Formation & Management Protocol)을 설계하고, 상용 블루투스 하드웨어로 구현을 하여 20개의 디바이스까지의 스캐터넷 실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과 기존의 유사 알고리즘에 비해 스캐터넷 형성 시간과 그 확률이 높은 결과를 얻었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bluetooth SIG, 'Specification of the Bluetooth System Ver1.1,' In http://www.bluetooth.com, 2001
  2. Bluetooth SIG, 'Specification of the Bluetooth System Ver1.2,' In http://www.bluetooth.com, 2003
  3. P. Bhagwat and A. Segall, 'A Routing Vector Method(RVM) for Routing in Bluetooth Scatter net,' In Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Mobile Multimedia Communications (MoMuC), pp. 375-379, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1109/MOMUC.1999.819514
  4. G. Tan, A. Miu, J. Guttag and H. Balakrishnan, 'Forming Scatternets from Bluetooth Personal area Networks,' In MIT Technical Report MIT_LCS-TR-826
  5. C. Lay and K. Y. Siu, 'A Bluetooth Scatternet Formation Algorithm,' In Proceedings of the Global Telecommunications Conference(GLOBECOM'01), Vol. 5, pp. 2864-2869, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOCOM.2001.965952
  6. C. Law, A.K. Mehta and K.Y. Siu, 'Performance of a New Bluetooth Scatternet Formation Protocol,' In Proceedings of ACM Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc networking and Computing, pp. 182-192, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1145/501441.501442
  7. G. Zaruba and S. Basagni, 'Bluetress-Scatternet Formation to Enable Bluetooth-Based Ad Hoc Networks,' In Proceedings of the IEEE international Conference on Commnicatins (ICC 2001), Vol. 1, pp. 273-277, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC.2001.936316
  8. C. Petrioli, S. Basagni and I. Chlamtac, 'Configuring BlueStars: Multihop Scatternet formation for Bluetooth Networks,' In Proceedings of the IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol. 52, Issue 6, pp. 779-790, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1109/TC.2003.1204833
  9. T.Y. Lin, Y.C. Tseng, K.M. Chang and C.L.Tu, 'Formation, Routing, and Maintenance Protocols for the BlueRing Scatternet of Bluetooths,' In Proceedings of the 36th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS '03), pp. 313-322, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2003.1174872
  10. H. Zhang, J.C. Hou and L. Sha, 'A Bluetooth Loop Scatternet Formation Algorithm,' In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC '03), Vol. 2, pp. 1174-1180, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC.2003.1204553
  11. C.C. Foo and K.C. Chua, 'Bluering-Bluetooth Scatternets with Ring Structures,' In Proceedings of the IASTEO International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communication (WOC 2002), 2002
  12. S. Basagni, R. Bruno and C. Petrioli, 'A Performance Comparison of Scatternet Formation Protocols for Networks of Bluetooth Devices,' In Proceedings of the First IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom 2003), pp. 341-350, 2003
  13. S. Baata, M. Frank, C. Kuhl, P. Martini and C. Scholz, 'Bluetooth Scatternets: An Enhanced Adaptive Scheduling Scheme,' In Proceedings of the Twenty-first Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (INFOCOM 2002), Vol. 2, pp. 782-790, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1109/INFCOM.2002.1019324
  14. CSR, 'Scatternet Support in HCIStack 1.1v16x Firmware,' In CSR Application Note, 2002