Quality Evaluation of Domestic and Foreign Extruded Pellets and Moist Pellet Based on Biochemical Analyses for Juvenile Olive Flounder, Parazichthys Olivaceus

시판용 넙치(치어)사료의 성분 비교분석을 통한 품질평가

  • 최세민 (부경대학교 양식학과/사료영양연구소) ;
  • 한경민 (부경대학교 양식학과/사료영양연구) ;
  • 왕소길 (부경대학교 양식학과/사료영양연구) ;
  • 이승형 (부경대학교 양식학과/사료영양연구) ;
  • 배승철 (부경대학교 양식학과/사료영양연구소)
  • Published : 2004.05.01

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the parameters such as nutrient requirements, POY, AnV, Totox, VBN, total plate count, dietary fatty acids and amino acids composition, that are not included in the registered standard composition items required by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, of a moist pellet (MP), three domestic extruded pellets (DEP-1, DEP-2, DEP-3), and two foreign extruded pellets (FEP-1, FEP-2) that are utilized by domestic flounder farms at present. The crude protein was added in excess of the dietary protein requirement in 6 kinds of feeds. When considering the proper PH ratio, it is obvious that protein was added in excess, especially in MP and FEP-2. Crude fat was also added in excess, especially in FEP-1. MP contained a higher dietary phosphorus content than formulated feeds, surpassing the dietary phosphorus requirement and greatly increasing the possibility for causing water pollution. The oxidation of fatty acid and decomposition of protein in MP were higher than in formulated feeds, and may also cause problems on fish farms. Also, it is difficult to store and manage MP, Among the fatty acids, EPA and DHA contents in MP were higher than those in formulated feeds. It is necessary to conduct further studies of EPA and DHA contents in formulated feeds. Lysine content in MP and FEP-2 could meet the dietary lysine requirement of flounder, however, the possibility of insufficient lysine content in the other formulated feeds was high and we considered that extra supplementation was necessary. Therefore, it is necessary to set up quality control standards according to fish species and sizes while considering the specific character of aquatic formulated feeds to restore the confidence of feed companies and aquaculturists to these feeds. This may be an opportunity to make an earlier change from MP to formulated feeds.

본 연구는 현재 국내 넙치 양식장에서 이용되고 있는 MP, DEP-1, DEP-2, DEP-3, FEP-1, FEP-2에 대해서 농림부에서 규정하고 성분규격 등록항목 외에 사료의 P/E ratio, POV, AnV, Totox, VBN, 총균수, 사료내 지방산 및 아미노산 조성과 그동안 이루어진 넙치 사료영양관련 연구결과를 바탕으로 비교 분석하여 국내 시판중인 넙치 사료의 품질을 평가하기 위해서 이루어졌다. 6가지 사료 모두 요구량 이상으로 단백질이 과잉첨가 된 것으로 생각되며 MP, DEP-1, DEP-2, FEP-1은 사료 내 지질 함량도 과잉첨가 된 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 PH ratio를 기준으로 볼때, MP와 FEP-2는 특히 단백질 함량이 과잉 첨가된 것으로 나타났으며, FEP-1는 특히 지방이 너무 많이 첨가된 것으로 판단된다. 그리고 MP가 배합사료에 비해 사료내 인 함량이 요구량 이상으로 과잉 첨가되어 있어 수질오염을 일으킬 가능성이 높은 것으로 판단된다. 지방산패 및 단백질 부패는 MP가 배합사료에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 이로 인한 문제가 발생할 가능이 높으며, 더욱더 취급 시에 보관 및 관리에 신경을 써야 될 것으로 생각된다. 그리고 지방산의 조성에 있어서는 DHA와 EPA 모두 MP가 배합사료보다 높게 나타났으며, 배합사료는 이에 대한 고찰이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 사료 내 라이신 함량은 MP와 FEP-2가 요구량 수준으로 첨가되어 있는 것으로 생각되며, 그 외 사료들은 요구량 기준으로 라이신 함량이 부족할 가능성이 높기 때문에 추가첨가가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 따라서, 농림부에서 양축용 사료 및 반추동물용 섬유질 배합사료의 성분등록을 축종과 사육시기별 품질관리 기준과 같이 양어용 배합사료의 특성을 고려하여 어종별, 크기별 품질관리 기준이 마련되어야 사료회사 및 양식업자가 배합사료에 대한 신뢰성을 회복하고, 이를 통하여 생사료에서 배합사료로 전환을 앞당길 수 있는 계기가 될 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Official methods of analysis(16th ed.) AOAC
  2. Utilization of low Quality protein sources in fish feed production, Proceedings of the international symposium on aquaculture Bai,Sungchul.C.
  3. Global Aquaculture Advocate v.4 Control of dietary phosphorus in flounder culture Bai,Sungchul C.
  4. J. Of Aquaculture v.63 A preliminary study on the dietary protein requirement of Japanese flounder larvae, Paralichthys olivaceus" Northe American Bai,Sungchul C.;Young Tael Chan;Xiaojie Wang https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8454(2001)063<0092:APSOTD>2.0.CO;2
  5. Feed international v.39 'Safety First' foucus of new EU feed regulation Bremmers,R.P.M.
  6. J. of Aquaculture v.17 Utilization of Song-Gang stone as the dietary additive in Juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus Choi,S.M.;S.H.Go,G.J.Park,S.R.Lim;G.Y.Yu;J.H.Lee;Sungchul C.Bai
  7. Diabetes v.31 Nonenzymatic browning products: physiologic effects and metabolic transit in relation to chemical structure Finot,P.A. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.31.1.22
  8. Lysine requirement of juvenile Japaness flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus and juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major, Aquaculture v.161 Forster,I.;H.Y.Ogata
  9. Standard methods for the analysis of oil, fats and derivatives, Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Publications IUPAC(International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry)
  10. J. of World Aquaculture Society v.33 Essentiality to dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids in juvenile japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) Kim,K.D.;S.M.Lee;H.G.Park;S.C.Bai;Y.H.Lee https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2002.tb00022.x
  11. J. of World Aquaculture v.33 Effects of Dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea Ssuppleentation on growth, blood characteristic and whole-body composition in jubenile Olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus Kim,K.W.;S.C.Bai;J.W.Koo,X.J.Wand;S.K.Kim https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2002.tb00021.x
  12. Optimum dietary protein level for maximum growth of juvenile Olive flounder Paralichthys olivceus (Temminck et Schlegel), Aquaculture research v.33 Kim,K.W.;X.J.Wang;Sungchul C.Bai
  13. Evaluation of optimum dietary protein-to-energy ratio in juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel), Aquaculture research v.35 Kim,K.W.;X.J.Wang;S.M.Choi;G.J.Park;Sungchul C.Bai
  14. Jorunal of fish Pathology v.6 The development of ceroidosis in cultured flounder, paralichthys olivaceus Lee,C.H.
  15. Aquaculture v.221 Utilization of glucose, maltose, dextrin and cellulose by juvenile flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Lee,S.M.;K.D.Kim;S.P.Lall https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00061-9
  16. Effects of dietary dehulled soybean meal as a fish meal replacer in fingerling and growing olive flounder, paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel), Aquaculture v.231 Lim,S.R.;K.W.Kim;S.M.Choi;X.J.Wang;S.C.Bai;I.S.Shin
  17. Master dissertation Studies to develop low pollute diet for juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceusreared in the recircultating system Park S.H.
  18. Effects of different dietary levels of L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate on growth and tissue vitamin C concentrations in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, Auqaculture research v.33 Wang X.J.;K.W.Kim;Sungchul C.Bai
  19. Nutritional Strategies and Management of Aquaculture waste Past and present approaches to aquaculture waste management in Japan Watanabe,T.;Cowey,C.B.;C.Y.Cho
  20. 식품공전
  21. 사료관리법령집
  22. 畜産物の鮮度保持 范波書房 高坂和久