Inheritance and Stability of Etoxazole Resistance in Twospotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae, and Its Cross Resistance

점박이응애의 Etoxazole저항성 유전과 안전성 및 교차저항성

  • 이소영 (충북대학교 농과대학 식물의학과) ;
  • 안기수 (충북농업기술원 농업환경) ;
  • 김철수 (국림산림과학원 산림병해충과) ;
  • 신상철 (국림산림과학원 산림병해충과) ;
  • 김길하 (충북대학교 농과대학 식물의학과)
  • Published : 2004.03.01

Abstract

Development of 3,700 folds resistance to etoxazole was found in the population of twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, collected from rose greenhouses in Buyo, Chungnam Provience in August 2000. This population was selected for 3yr with etoxazole to get 5,000,000 folds increase in resistance as compared to susceptible (S) strain. The etoxazole resistance was stablized for 16 months under the condition of no acaricide application. Inheritance and cross resistance in etoxazole to some acaricides of the etoxazole resistance strain (R) were investigated. There were differences of susceptibility in the etoxazole concentration-mortality relationships between $F_1$, $F_2$ progenies obtained from reciprocal cross with the S and R strains (R$_{♂}$${\times}$S$_{♂}$${\times}$R$_{♂}$). Degrees of dominance were 0.98 and 0.98 in $F_1$ and $F_2$ progenies of R$_{♂}$${\times}$S$_{♂}$, and -0.97 and -0.68 in $F_1$ and $F_2$ progenies of S$_{♀}$${\times}$R$_{♂}$ respectively. Inheritance in $F_1$ and $F_2$ progenies of R$_{♀}$${\times}$S$_{♂}$ were complete dominant. However $F_1$ and $F_2$ progenies of S$_{♀}$${\times}$R$_{♂}$ were incomplete recessive. These results suggest that inheritance of etoxazole resistance is controlled by a complete dominance. The R strain exhibited cross resistance to acequinocyl and emamectin benzoates in adult females, and milbemectin, amitraz and pyridaben in eggs. However they showed negatively correlated cross-resistance to bifenazate, a carbazate acaricide. These results may indicate bifenazate could be useful for the control of etoxazole resistant T. urticae population.

2000년 8월 충남 부여의 장미 재배지에서 채집한 점박이응애가 etoxazole에 대해 3,700배의 저항성을 나타내었다. 이 집단을 실내에서 3년 동안 etoxazole로 100회 이상 도태하여 5,000,000배 이상의 저항성계통을 얻었다. 이 계통은 약제처리 없는 조건 하에서 1년 이상 경과된 후에도 암컷 성충의 etoxazole에 대한 저항성 수준은 변화가 없었다. 이 저항성계통의 유전과 교차저항성 유무를 조사하였다. 감수성계통 수컷과 저항성계통 암컷을 상호 교배( $R_{♂}$${\times}$ $S_{♂}$)하여 얻은 $F_1$$F_2$의 우성도는 각각 0.98과 0.98로 완전우성이었으며, $S_{♀}$${\times}$ $R_{♂}$으로 상호 교배하여 얻은 $F_1$$F_2$의 우성도는 각각 -0.97과 -0,68로 불완전열성이었다. 따라서 etoxazole저항성을 지배하는 유전인자는 수컷보다 암컷성충에 의존하여 완전우성에 의해 지배되는 것으로 나타났다. 이 저항성 성충은 acequinocyl과 emamectin benzoate에 대해 각각 10.4배와 14.0배의 교차저항성을 나타내었고, 알은 milbemectin, amitraz, pyridaben에 대해 각각 52.0배, 14.6배, 9.4배의 교차저항성을 나타내었다. 한편 카바제이트계 살비제인 bifenazate에 대해서는 역상관 교차저항성을 나타내었으므로, etoxazole에 저항성을 보이는 농가에서는 bifenazate를 교호살포하면 점박이응애를 효율적으로 방제할 수 있을 것이다

Keywords

References

  1. Anonymous, 2003. Agrochemical year book. Korea Crop Protecton Association. Seoul. 683 pp
  2. Asada, M. 1978. Genetics and biochemical mechanisms of acaricide resistance in phytophagous mites. J. Pestic. Sci. 3: 61-68 https://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.3.61
  3. Cranham, J.E. 1982. Resistance to binapacryl and tetradifon, and the genetic background, in fruit tree red spider mite, Panonychus ulmi, from English apple orchards. Ann. Appl. Biol. 100: 25-38 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1982.tb07188.x
  4. Dennehy, T.J., J.P. Nyprop, W.H. Reissing and R.W. Weires. 1988. Characterization of resistance to dicofol in spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) from New York apple orchards. J. Econ. Entomol. 81: 1511-156
  5. Finney, D.J. 1971. Probit analysis. 3rd ed. 333pp. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
  6. Georghiou, G.P. 1969. Genetics of resistance to insecticides in houseflies and mosquitoes. Exp. Parasitol. 26: 224-225 https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4894(69)90116-7
  7. Georghiou, G.P. and C.E. Taylor. 1976. Genetic and biological influence in the evolution of insecticide resistance. J. Econ. Entomol. 70: 319-323
  8. Goka, K. 1998. Mode of inheritance of resistance to three new acaricides in the kanzawa spider mite, Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida (Acari: Tetranychidae). Exp. Appl. Acarol. 22: 699-708 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006062807613
  9. Ho, C.C. 2000. Spider mite problems and control in Taiwan. Exp. Appl. Acarol. 24: 453-462 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006443619632
  10. Inoue, K. 1979. The change of susceptibility of mite population to dicofol and genetic analysis of dicofol-resistance in the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McG.). J. Pesticide. Sci. 4: 337-344 https://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.4.337
  11. Inoue, K. 1980. Relationship between dicofol resistance and fitness in the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McG.). J. pestic. Sci. 5: 165-175 https://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.5.165
  12. Inoue, K. 1984. Resistance to amitraz in the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor) in relation to population genetics. Jpn. J. Appl. Ent. Zool. 28: 260-268 https://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.28.260
  13. Kim, S.S. and S.C. Lee. 1989. Development of acaricide resistance and cross-resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acahna: Tetranychidae). Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 28: 146-153
  14. Kim, G.H., C. Song, N.J. Park and K.Y. Cho. 1994. Inheritance of resistance in dicofol-selected strain of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae), and its cross resistance. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 33: 230-236
  15. Kim, G.H., C. Song, B.Y. Chung, N.J. Park and K.Y. Cho. 1995. Stability of dicofol resistance of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Korean. J. Appl. Entomol. 34: 61-64
  16. Kobayashi, M., S. Kobayashi and T. Nishimori. 2001. Occurrence of etoxazole resistance individuals of the two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch from a limited region. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 45: 83-88 https://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2001.83
  17. Kono, S. 1985. Susceptibility of dicofol resistant two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch against various pesticides and their control effects. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 29: 150-157 https://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.29.150
  18. Kuwahara. M. 1977. The development and inheritance of resistance in the kanzawa spider mite, Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida, selected with chlordimeform, dicofol and phenthoate. Jpn. J. appl. Ent. Zool. 21: 163-168 https://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.21.163
  19. Lee, Y.S., M.H. Song, K.S. Ahn, K.Y. Lee, J.W. Kim and G.H. Kim. 2003. Monitoring of acaricide resistance in two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) Populations from rose greenhouses in Korea. J. Asia-Pacific Entomol. 6: 91-96 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1226-8615(08)60173-9
  20. Linda, A.F.K., H.G. Scott and T.J. Dennehy. 1991. Dicofol resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acarina: Tetranychidae): cross-resistance and pharmacokinetics. J. Econ. Entomol. 84: 41-48
  21. Martison, T.E., T.J. Dennehy, J.P. Nyprop and W.H. Reissing. 1991. Field measurements of selection for two-spotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistance to dicofol in apple orchards. J. Econ. Entomol. 84: 7-16
  22. Overmeer, W.P.J. and A.Q. van Zon. 1973. Genetic of dicofol resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Z. Angew. Entomol. 73: 225-230 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1973.tb02286.x
  23. Overmeer, W.P.J., A.Q. van Zon and W. Helle. 1975. The stability of acaricide resistance in spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Populations from rose houses. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 18: 68-74 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00342402
  24. Park, C.G., S.G. Lee, B.R. Choi, J.K. Yoo and J.O. Lee. 1996. Inheritance of tetradifon resistance in twospotted spider mite (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Korean. J. Appl. Entomol. 35: 260-265
  25. Song, C., J.H. Park, G.H. Kim, O.U. Kwon and K.Y. Cho. 1999. Monitoring of genetic variability in dicofol-susceptible, dicofol-resistant, and its reverse-selected strains of Tetranychus urticae by RAPD-PCR. Korean J. Life Science 9: 14-16
  26. Stone, B.F. 1968. A formular for determining degree of dominance in case of monofactorial resistance to chemicals. Bull. Wld. Hlth. Organ. 38: 325-326
  27. Takafuji, A., A. Ozawa, H. Nemoto and T. Gotoh. 2000. Spider mites of Japan: their biology and control. Exp. Appl. Acarol. 24:319-335 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006453209154
  28. Takahashi, Y. 1979. Pesticide design: strategy and tactics (ed by Yamamoto, I and J. Fukami). Soft Science, INC. 663-692
  29. Tomlin, C. 2000. The pesticide manual. British crop protection council Twelfth Edition. 803 pp
  30. Yamamoto, A., H. Yoneda, R. Hatano and M. Asada. 1995. Genetic analysis of hexythiazox resistance in the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri Mcgregor. J. Pestic. Sci. 20: 513-519 https://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.20.513