References
- 농협주앙회 가축개량사업소 젖소개량부. 2002년도 한국 유우군 능력검정 사업보고서(DHI Annual Report in Korea). 2003, 1-177
- 오기석, 박상국, 김방실, 고진성, 신종봉, 백종환, 홍기강, 문광식, 임원호, 문진산, 박인철, 김영홍, 손창호. 초음파검사 및 호르몬검사에 의한 젖소 번식검진과 발정유도. I. 정기적인 번식검진 및 번식장에 치료. J. Vet. Clin. 2003, 20, 369-375
- Bagnato, A. and Oltenacu, P. A. Phenotypic evaluation of fertility traits and their association with milk yield of Italian Friesian Cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 1994, 77, 874-882
- Bartlett, P. C., Kirk, J. H., Wilke, M. A., Kaneene, J. B. and Mather, E. C. Metritis complex in Michigan Holstein-Friesian cattle: incidence, descriptive epidemiology and estimated economic impact. Prev. Vet. Med. 1986, 4, 235-248
- Bell, A. W. Regulation of organic nutrient metabolism during transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. J. Anim. Sci. 1995, 73, 2804-2819
- Bigras-Poulin, M., Meek, A. H. and Martin, S. W. Interrelationships among health problems and milk yield from consecutive lactations in selected OntarioHolstein cows. Prev. Vet. Med. 1990, 8, 15-24
- Butler, W. R. Nutritional interactions with reproductive performance in dairy cattle. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 2000, 60/61, 449-457
- Butler, W. R. Review: effect of protein nutrition on ovarian and uterine physiology in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 1998, 81, 2533-2539
- Butler, W. R. and Smith, R. D. Interrelationships between energy balance and postpartum reproductive function in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 1989, 72, 767-783
- Correa, M. T., Erb, H. and Scarlett, J. Path analysis for seven postpartum disorders of Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1993, 76, 1305-1312
- Darwash, A. O., Lamming, G. E. and Wooliams, J. A. The potential for identifying heritable endocrine parameters associated with fertility in postpartum dairy cows. Anim. Sci. 1999, 68, 333-347
- De Vries, M. J., Van Der Beek, S., Kaal-Lansbergen, L. M. T. E., Ouweltjes, W. and Wilmink, J. B. M. Modeling of energy balance in early lactation and theeffect of energy deficits in early lactation on first detected estrus postpartum in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1999, 82, 1927-1934
- Domecq, J. J., Skidmore, A. L., Lloyd, J. W. and Kaneene, J. B. Relationship between body condition scores and conception at first artificial insemination ina large dairy herd of high yielding Holstein cows. J. airy Sci. 1997, 80, 113-120
- Douthwaite, R. and Dobson, H. Comparison of different methods of diagnosis of cystic ovarian disease in cattle and an assessment of its treatment with aprogesterone-releasing intravaginal device. Vet. Rec. 2000, 23, 355-359
- Edmonson, A. J., Lean, I. J., Weaver, L. D., Farver, T. and Webster, G. A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1989, 72, 68-78
- Eicker, S. W., Gröhn, Y. T. and Hertl, J. A. The association between cumulative milk yield, days open, and days to first breeding in New York Holstein cows.J. Dairy Sci. 1996, 79, 235-241
- Emanuelson, U. and Oltenacu, P. A. Incidences and effects of diseases on the performance of Swedish dairy herds stratified by production. J. Dairy Sci. 1998, 81, 2376-2382
- Erb, H. N., Martin, S. W., Ison, N. and Swaminathan, S. Interrelationships between yield and reproductive diseases in Holstein cows. Path analysis. J. Dairy Sci. 1981, 64, 282-289
- Etherington, W. G., Kinsel, M. L. and Marsh, W. E. Relationship of production to reproductive performance in Ontario dairy cows: Herd level and individual animal descriptive statistics. Theriogenology. 1996, 46, 935-959
- Fonseca, F. A., Britt, J. H., McDaniel, B. T., Wilk, J. C. and Rakes, A. H. Reproductive traits of Holsteins and Jerseys. Effects of age, milk yield, and clinical abnormalities on involution of cervix and uterus, ovulation, estrus cycles, detection of estrus, conception rate, and days open. J. Dairy Sci. 1983, 66, 1128-1147
- Fourichon, C., Seegers, H. and Malher, X. Effect of disease on reproduction in the dairy cow: A metaanalysis. Theriogenology. 2000, 53, 1729-1759
- Gearhart, M. A., Curtis, C. R., Erb, H. N., Smith, R. D., Sniffen, C. J., Chase, L. E. and Cooper, M. D. Relationship of changes in condition score to cowhealth in Holsteins. J. Dairy Sci. 1990, 73, 3132-3140
- Ghanem, M., Shalaby, A. H., Sharawy, S. and Saleh, N. Factors leading to endometritis in dairy cows in Egypt with special reference to reproductiveperformance. J. Reprod. Dev. 2002, 48, 371-375
- Gilbert, R. O., Shin, S. T., Guard, C. L. and Erb, H. N. Incidence of endometritis and effects on reproductive performance of dairy cows. Theriogenology. 1998, 49, 251
- Goff, J. P. and Horst, R. L. Physiology and management: physiological changes at parturition and their relationship to metabolic disorders. J. Dairy Sci. 1997, 80, 1260-1268
-
Gr
$\ddot o$ hn, Y. T., Erb, H. N., McCulloch, C. E. and Saloniemi, H. S. Epidemiology of reproductive disorders in dairy cattle: Associations among host characteristics, disease and production. Prev. Vet. Med. 1990, 8, 25-39 -
Gr
$\ddot o$ hn, Y. T. and Rajala-Schultz, P. J. Epidemiology of reproductive performance in dairy cows. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 2000, 60/61, 605-614 -
Gr
$\ddot o$ hn, Y. T., Eicker, S. W. and Hertl, J. A. The association between previous 305-day milk yield and disease in New York state dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1995, 78, 1693-1702 - Heuer, C., Schukken, Y. H. and Dobbelaar, P. Postpartum body condition score and results from the first test day milk as predictors of disease, fertility, yieldand culling in commercial dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci. 1999, 82, 295-304
- Heuwieser, W., Tenhagen, B. A., Tischer, M., Luhr, J. and Blum, H. Effect of three programmes for the treatment of endometritis on the reproductive performance of a dairy herd. Vet. Rec. 2000, 146, 338-341
- Kaneene, J. B. and Miller, R. Risk factors for metritis in Michigan dairy cattle using herds- and cow-based modelling approaches. Prev. Vet. Med. 1995, 23, 183-200
- Kim, I. H. and Suh, G. H. Effect of the amount of body condition loss from the dry to near calving periods on the subsequent body condition change, occurrence of postpartum diseases, metabolic parameters and reproductive performance in Holstein dairy cows. Theriogenology. 2003, 60, 1445-1456
- Kinsel, M. L. and Etherington, W. G. Factors affecting reproductive performance in Ontario dairy herds. Theriogenology. 1998, 50, 1221-1238
- LeBlanc, S. J., Duffield, T. F., Leslie, K. E., Bateman, K. G., Keefe, G. P., Walton, J. S. and Johnson, W. H. Defining and diagnosing postpartum clinicalendometritis and its impact on reproductive performance in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2002, 85, 2223-2236
- Lee, J. K., VanRaden, P. M., Norman, H. D., Wiggans, G. R. and Meinert, T. R. Relationship of yield during early lactation and days open during current lactation with 305-day yield. J. Dairy Sci. 1997, 80, 771-776
- Lewis, G. S. Health problem of the postpartum cow: Uterine health and disorders. J. Dairy Sci. 1997, 80, 984-994
- Loeffler, S. H., de Vries, M. J. and Schukken, Y. H. The effects of time of disease occurrence, milk yield, and body condition on fertility of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1999, 82, 2589-2604
- Lucy, M. C., Staples, C. R., Michel, F. M. and Thatcher, W. W. Energy balance and size and number of ovarian follicles detected by ultrasonography in earlypostpartum dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1991, 74, 473-482
- Mayne, C. S., McCoy, M. A., Lennox, S. D., Mackey, D. R., Verner, M., Catney, D. C., McCaughey, W. J., Wylie, A. R. G., Kennedy, B. W. and Gordon, F. J. Fertility of dairy cows in Northern Ireland. Vet. Rec. 2002, 150, 707-713
- Prandi, A., Messina, M., Tondolo, A. and Motta, M. Correlation between reproductive efficiency, as determined by new mathematical indexes, and the body condition score in dairy cows. Theriogenology. 1999, 52, 1251-1265
- Pryce, J. E., Esslemont, R. J., Thompson, R., Veerkamp, R. F., Kossaibati, M. A. and Simm, G. Estimation of genetic parameters using health, fertility and production data from a management recording system for dairy cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 1998, 66, 577-584
- Roche, J. F., Mackey, D. and Diskin, M. D. Reproductive management of postpartum cows. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 2000, 60/61, 703-712
- Ruegg, P. L. and Milton, R. L. Body condition scores of Holstein cows on Prince Edward Island, Canada: Relationships with yield, reproductive performance, anddisease. J. Dairy Sci. 1995, 78, 552-564
- SAS. SAS System, Release 8.1, SAS Inst Inc, Cary, NC, USA, 1999
- Spalding, R. W., Everett, R. W. and Foote, R. H. Fertility in New York artificial inseminated Holstein herds in dairy herd improvement. J. Dairy Sci. 1975, 58, 718-723
- Spicer, L. J., Tucker, W. B. and Adams, G. D. Insulin-like growth factor-1 in dairy cows: relationships among energy balance, body condition, ovarian activity, and estrus behavior. J. Dairy Sci. 1990, 73, 929-937
- Staples, C. R., Thatcher, W. W. and Clark, J. H. Relationship between ovarian activity and energy status during the early postpartum period of high producingdairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1990, 73, 938-947
- Studer, E. A veterinary perspective of on-farm evaluation of nutrition and reproduction. J. Dairy Sci. 1998, 81, 872-876
- Swanson, L. V. Discussion - interaction of nutrition and reproduction. J. Dairy Sci. 1989, 72, 805-814
- Uribe, H. A., Kennedy, B. W., Martin, S. W. and Kelton, D. F. Genetic parameters for common health disorders of Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1995, 78, 421-430
- Van Dorp, T. E., Dekkers, J. C. M., Martin, S. W. and Noordhuizen, J. P. T. M. Genetic parameters of health disorders, and relationships with 305-day milkyield and conformation traits of registered Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1998, 81, 2264-2270
- Villa-Godoy, A., Hughes, T. L., Emery, R. S., Chapin, L. T. and Fogwell, R. L. Association between energy balance and luteal function in lactating dairycows. J. Dairy Sci. 1988, 71, 1063-1072
- Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F. and Lesch, T. N. A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationshipto selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 1982, 65, 495-501
- Zeron, Y., Ocheretny, A., Kedar, O., Borochov, A., Sklan, D. and Arav, A. Seasonal changes in bovine fertility: relation to developmental competence ofoocytes, membrane properties and fatty acid composition of follicles. Reproduction. 2001, 121, 447-454
- Zurek, E., Foxcroft, G. R. and Kennelly, J. J. Metabolic status and interval to first ovulation in postpartum dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1995, 78, 1909-1920