DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Relationship of Somatic Cell Count, Physical, Chemical and Enzymatic Properties to the Bacterial Standard Plate Count in Different Breeds of Dairy Goats

  • Ying, Chingwen (Department of Microbiology, Soochow University) ;
  • Yang, Cheng-Bin (Department of Animal Science, National Taiwan University) ;
  • Hsu, Jih-Tay (Department of Animal Science, National Taiwan University)
  • 투고 : 2003.08.07
  • 심사 : 2003.12.30
  • 발행 : 2004.04.01

초록

The objective of the present study was to investigate the accuracy of mastitis diagnostic indicators for different dairy goat breeds. Biweekly milk samples were collected from individual half mammary gland of seven Saanen and seven Alpine dairy goats in the period of 40 to 120 days in milk. With threshold value set at 2.8 and 3.1 for Alpine and Saanen dairy goats, respectively, log (SPC) offered good sensitivity (0.89, 0.93), specificity (0.88, 0.95), positive predictive value (0.75, 0.85) and negative predictive value (0.95, 0.98) as a mastitis diagnostic tool. The correlations of log (SPC) with milk yield, log (SCC), ALP, LDH, $Na^{+}$, $K^{+}$ and EC were significant in Saanen dairy goats (p<0.05), with the highest correlation coefficient (0.653) existing between log (SPC) and log (SCC). The correlations of log (SPC) with milk yield, milk fat, milk protein, log (SCC), $Na^{+}$, $K^{+}$, EC were significant in Alpine dairy goats (p<0.05), with the highest correlation coefficient (0.416) existing between log (SPC) and log (SCC). There were different best-fit regression equations with different multiple diagnostic indicators for Saanen and Alpine dairy goats. In conclusion, different breeds of dairy goats may have to adapt different mastitis diagnostic parameters for a better diagnosis.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th. Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlington, VA.
  2. Baudry, C., R. De-Cremoux, C. Chartier and G. Perrin. 1997. Impact of mammary gland inflammation on milk yield and composition in goats. Vet. Res. Paris 28:277-286.
  3. Bogin, E. and G. Ziv. 1973. Enzymes and minerals in normal and mastitic milk. Cornell Vet. 63:666-676.
  4. Bogin,E., G. Ziv, J. Avidar, B. Rivetz, S. Gordin and A. Saran. 1977. Distribution of lactate dehydrogenase in normal and inflamed bovine udders and milk. Res. Vet. Sci. 22:198-220.
  5. Boscos, C., A. Stefanakis, C. Alexopoulos and F. Samartzi. 1996. Prevelence of subclinical mastitis and influence of breed, parity, stage of lactation and mammary bacteriological status on Coulter Counter Counts and California Mastitis Test in the milk of Saanen and autochthonous Greek goats. Small Ruminant Res. 21:139-147.
  6. Contreras, A., D. Sierra, J. C. Corrales, A. Sanchez and J. Marco. 1996. Physiological threshold of somatic count and California Mastitis Test for diagnosis of caprine subclinical mastitis. Small Ruminant Res. 21:259-264.
  7. Droke, E. A., M. J. Paape and L. Di Carlo. 1993. Prevalence of high somatic cell counts in bulk tank goat milk. J. Dairy Sci. 76:1035-1039.
  8. Dulin, A. M., M. J. Poape, W. D. Schultze and B. T. Weinland. 1983. Effect of parity, stage of lactation, and intermammary infection concentration of somatic cell and cytoplasmic particles in goat milk. J. Dairy Sci. 66:2426-2433.
  9. Egwu, G. O., L. T. Zaria, P. A. Onyeyili, A. G. Ambali, S. S. Adamu and M. Birdling. 1994. Studies on the microbiological flora of caprine mastitis and antibiotic inhibitory concentrations in Nigeria. Small Ruminant Res. 14:233-239.
  10. FDA. 1984. Bacteriological Analytical Manual. 6th Ed. Division of Microbiology, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Arlington, VA.
  11. Galina, M. A., R. Morales, B. Lopez and M. A. Carmona. 1996. Effect of somatic cell count on lactation and soft cheese yield by dairy goats. Small Ruminant Res. 21:251-257.
  12. Harmon, R. J. 1994. Physiology of mastitis and factors affecting somatic cell counts. J. Dairy Sci. 77:2103-2112. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77153-8
  13. Hortet, P. and H. Seegers. 1998. Loss in milk yield and related composition changes resulting from clinical mastitis in dairy cows. Preventive Vet. Med. 37:1-20.
  14. Jandal, J. M. 1996. Comparative aspects of goat and sheep milk. Small Ruminant Res. 22:177-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4488(96)00880-2
  15. Jenness, R. 1980. Composition and characteristics of goat milk: review 1968-1979. J. Dairy Sci. 63:1605-1630.
  16. Kalogridou-Vassiliadou, D. 1991. Mastitis-related pathogens in goat milk. Small Ruminant Res. 4:203-212.
  17. Kitchen, B. J. 1981. Review of the progress of dairy science: Bovine mastitis: milk compositional changes and related diagnostic tests. J. Dairy Res. 48:167-188.
  18. MacFaddin, J. F. 1985. Media for Isolation-Cultivation- Identification-Maintenance of Medical Bacteria. Vol. 1. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD.
  19. Maisi, P. 1990. Milk NAGase, CMT and antitrypsin as indicators of caprine suclinical mastitis infections. Small Ruminant Res. 83:493-501.
  20. Martin, S. W., A. H. Meek and P. Willeberg. 1987. Veterinary Epidemiology: Principles and Methods. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.
  21. McDougall, S., J. W. Pankey, C. Delaney, J. Barlow, P. A. Murdough, J. L. Watts and D. Scruton. 2000. Prevelance and incidence of subclinical mastitis in dairy ewes and goats. Proc. of New Zealand Soc. Anim. Prod. 60:287-290.
  22. McDougall, S., P. Murdough, W. Pankey, C. Delaney, J. Barlow and D. Scruton. 2001. Relationships among somatic cell count, California mastitis test, inpedance and bacteriological status of milk in goats and sheep in early lactation. Small Ruminant Res. 40:245-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4488(01)00185-7
  23. Ndegwa, E. N., C. M. Mulei and S. J. M. Munyua. 2001. Risk factors associated with subcliunical subacute mastitis in Kenyan daiory goats. Israel J. Vet. Med. 56:4-8.
  24. NRC. 1981. Nutrient Requirements of Goats: Angora, Dairy, and Meat Goats in Temperate and Tropical Countries. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
  25. Park, Y. W. 1991. Interrelationships between somatic cell counts, electrical conductivity, bacteria counts, percent fat and protein in goat milk. Small Ruminant Res. 5:367-375. https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-4488(91)90074-Z
  26. Park, Y. W. and R. D. Humphery. 1986. Bacterial cell counts in goat milk and their correlations with somatic cell counts, percent fat, and protein. J. Dairy Sci. 69:32-37.
  27. Shailja and M. Singh. 2002. Post milking teat dip effect on somatic cell count, milk production and composition in cows and buffaloes. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15:1517-1522.
  28. Smith, M. C. and D. M. Sherman. 1994. Goat Medicine. Lea & Febiger, Malvern, Pennsylvania.
  29. Stehling, R. N., O. L. Vargas, E. C. D. Santos and R. M. Duarte. 1986. Study on goat mastitis evolution induced by Staphylococcal and Streptococcal enterotxins. Arquivo Brasileiro de MedicinaVeterinariae Zootecnia 38:701-718.
  30. Sung, Y. Y., T. I. Wu, and P. H. Wang. 1999. Evaluation of milk quality of Alpine, Nubian, Saanen and Toggenburg breeds in Taiwan. Small Ruminant Res. 33:17-23.
  31. Turnbull, P. C. B. and J. M. Kramer. 1991. Bacillus. In: (Ed. W. Hausler, Jr., K. L. Herrmann, H. D. Isenberg, H. J. Shadomy) Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 5th. Ed. American Soc. For Microbiology, Washington, DC., pp.296-303.
  32. Upadhyaya, T. N. and A. T. Rao. 1993. Diagnosis and threshold values of subclinical mastitis in goats. Small Ruminant Res. 12:201-210.
  33. Wierschem, J. 1993. Butterfat, protein and milk production of five breeds. Dairy Goat J. Nov. p. 406.
  34. Wilson, D. J., K. N. Stewart and P. M. Sears. 1995. Effects of stage of lactation, production, parity and season on somatic cell counts in infected and uninfected dairy goats. Small Ruminant Res. 16:165-169.
  35. Woolford, M. W., J. H. Williamson and H. V. Henderson. 1998. Changes in electrical conductivity and somatic cell count between milk fractions from quarters subclinically infected with particular mastitis pathogens. J. Dairy Res. 65:187-198.
  36. Ying, C., H.-T. Wang and J.-T. Hsu. 2002. Relationship of somatic cell count, physical, chemical and enzymatic properties to the bacterial standard count in dairy goat milk. Livestock Prod. Sci. 74:63-77.
  37. Zeng, S. S. and E. N. Escobar. 1995. Effect of parity and milk production on somatic cell count, standard plate count and composition of goat milk. Small Rumin. Res. 17:269-274.
  38. Zeng, S. S., E. N. Escobar and T. Popham. 1997. Daily variations in somatic cell count, composition and production of Alpine goat milk. Small Ruminant Res. 26:253-260.

피인용 문헌

  1. Signal Spectral Analysis to Characterize Gland Milk Electrical Conductivity in Dairy Goats vol.14, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2015.3518
  2. Evaluation of Commercial Probes for On-Line Electrical Conductivity Measurements during Goat Gland Milking Process vol.12, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3390/s120404493
  3. Evaluation of the Fourier Frequency Spectrum Peaks of Milk Electrical Conductivity Signals as Indexes to Monitor the Dairy Goats’ Health Status by On-Line Sensors vol.15, pp.8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3390/s150820698
  4. Relationship of mammary gland health status and other noninfectious factors with electrical conductivity of milk in Manchega ewes vol.100, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-11544
  5. Effect of intramammary infection on milk electrical conductivity in Murciano-Granadina goats vol.95, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4698
  6. Analysis of the electrical conductivity in milking fractions as a mean for detecting and characterizing mastitis in goats vol.107, pp.2, 2004, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.05.001
  7. Development and test of a portable device to monitor the health status of Sarda breed sheep by the measurement of the milk electrical conductivity vol.15, pp.2, 2004, https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2016.1149742
  8. Comparison of Mineral, Metabolic, and Oxidative Profile of Saanen Goat during Lactation with Different Mediterranean Breed Clusters under the Same Environmental Conditions vol.10, pp.3, 2004, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10030432