A Shape Control of Welded Joints to Improve Fatigue Strength

피로강도 향상을 위한 용접이음부의 형상제어에 관한 연구

  • 강창입 (부경대학교 건설공학부) ;
  • 국승규 (부경대학교 건설공학부) ;
  • 이동욱 (부경대학교 건설공학부)
  • Received : 2004.03.12
  • Accepted : 2004.06.08
  • Published : 2004.08.27

Abstract

When U-ribs of steel deck plates are connected at the field, overhead welding should be done with backing strips. Misalignments may occur and lead to eccentric moments as well as high stress concentrations at welded joints. In this study, stress analyses and fatigue tests were carried out. Stress analyses for U-ribs' welded joints with backing strips were performed with different misalignments, root shapes, root gaps, and backing strip sizes. From the stress analyses, the stress concentration factors increased with increasing misalignments and root gaps. With the fixed misalignments and root gaps, the stress concentration factors obtained in the case of the semi-circle root shape were lower than those in the case of the right-angle root shape. It was verified that backing strip sizes have little influence on stress concentration factors. The fatigue tests for U-ribs' welded joints with backing strips indicated that increased misalignments shorten fatigue life drastically and cracks usually initiate at the root of the base metal and are propagated to the weld bead surface. Based on the results of the stress analyses, root-shape control methods were developed to mitigate stress concentration by changing welding condition control, radius curvature, and flank angle.

본 연구에서는 강상판의 U리브를 현장에서 상향의 용접자세로 용접이음을 실시할 경우, 용접이음부에는 시공오차에 의한 단차가 발생하고, 응력집중이 발생하기 쉽다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이면재가 부착된 용접이음부에 대해 응력해석 및 실험을 실시하였다. 이면재가 부착된 U리브 용접이음부의 단차, 루트부 형상, 루트갭 및 이면재의 폭과 두께를 변화시켜 응력해석을 실시한 결과, 단차가 커질수록 응력집중계수는 현저히 증가하였으며, 루트갭도 커질수록 응력집중계수가 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 단차 및 루트갭이 동일한 경우에는 루트부 형상이 직각인 경우보다 반원인 경우에 응력집중계수가 작게 나타났으며, 이면재의 폭 및 두께는 응력집중계수에 그다지 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이면재가 부착된 시험편의 피로실험에서는 단차가 커질수록 피로수명이 현저히 저하되었으며 피로균열은 이면재가 부착된 모재측 루트부에서 발생하여 용접비드 표면측으로 전파하였다. 응력해석에서 루트부의 형상이 반원인 경우, 응력집중계수가 작게 나타나므로, 용접조건을 변화시켜 루트부 곡률반경 및 플랭크각을 제어하는 루트부 형상제어법를 개발하였다.

Keywords

References

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