Structural Engineering and Mechanics

  • 제16권6호
  • /
  • Pages.675-693
  • /
  • 2003
  • /
  • 1225-4568(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6217(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Infilled frames: developments in the evaluation of the stiffening effect of infills

  • Papia, M. (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica, Universita di Palermo) ;
  • Cavaleri, L. (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica, Universita di Palermo) ;
  • Fossetti, M. (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica, Universita di Palermo)
  • 투고 : 2002.12.06
  • 심사 : 2003.07.10
  • 발행 : 2003.12.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

In order to consider the modified seismic response of framed structures in the presence of masonry infills, proper models have to be formulated. Because of the complexity of the problem, a careful definition of a diagonal pin-jointed strut, able to represent the horizontal force-interstorey displacement cyclic law of the actual infill, may be a solution. In this connection the present paper shows a generalized criterion for the determination of the ideal cross-section of the strut mentioned before. The procedure is based on the equivalence between the lateral stiffness of the actual infilled frame scheme during the conventional elastic stage of the response and the lateral stiffness of the same frame stiffened by a strut at the same stage. Unlike the usual empirical approaches available in the literature, the proposed technique involves the axial stiffness of the columns of the frame more than their flexural stiffness. Further, the influence of the bidimensional behaviour of the infill is stressed and, consequently, the dependence of the dimensions of the equivalent pin-jointed strut on the Poisson ratio of the material constituting the infill is also shown. The proposed approach is extended to the case of infills with openings, which is very common in practical applications.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. ACI (1992), "Specification for masonry structures", ACI 530.1-92/ASCE 6-92, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, Mich., U.S.A.
  2. Bertero, V.V. and Brokken, S. (1983), "Infills in seismic resistant building", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 109(6), 1337- 1361. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1983)109:6(1337)
  3. Durrani, A.J. and Luo, Y.H. (1994), "Seismic retrofit of flat-slab buildings with masonry infill", Proc. of the NCEER Workshop on Seismic Response of Masonry Infills, Report NCEER-94-0004.
  4. Hendry, A.W. (1998), Structural Masonry, Macmillan, UK.
  5. Holmes, H. (1961), "Steel frames with brickwork and concrete infilling", Proc. of Institution of Civil Engineers, paper No. 6501, 473-478.
  6. Jones, R.M. (1975), Mechanics of Composite Materials, McGraw-Hill, Tokio.
  7. Klingner, R.E. and Bertero, V.V. (1978), "Earthquake resistance of infilled frames", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 104(6), 973-989.
  8. Madan, A., Reinhorn, A.M., Mander, J.B. and Valles, R.E. (1997), "Modelling of masonry infill panels for structural analysis", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 123(10), 1295-1302. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:10(1295)
  9. Mainstone, R.J. (1971), "On stiffness and strength of infilled frames", Proc. of Institution of Civil Engineers, paper No. 7360, 57-90.
  10. Mainstone, R.J. (1974), "Supplementary note on the stiffness and strength of infilled frames", Current Paper CP 13/74, Building Research Station, U.K.
  11. Mehrabi, A.B. and Benson Shing, P. (1997), "Finite element modelling of masonry-infilled RC frames", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 123(5), 604-613. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:5(604)
  12. Panagiotakos, T.B. and Fardis, M.N. (1996), "Seismic response of infilled RC frames structures", Proc. of the 11th World Conf. on Earthq. Eng., Acapulco, Mexico, Paper No. 225, Oxford, Pergamon.
  13. Papia, M. (1988), "Analysis of infilled frames using a coupled finite element and boundary element solution scheme", Int. J. Numer. Meth. Eng., 26(3), 731-772. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620260315
  14. Saneinejad, A. and Hobbs, B. (1995), "Inelastic design of infilled frames", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 121(4), 634-650. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1995)121:4(634)
  15. Stafford Smith, B. (1966), "Behaviour of the square infilled frames", J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 92(1), 381-403.
  16. Stafford Smith, B. and Carter, C. (1969), "A method for analysis for infilled frames", Proc. of Institution of Civil Engineers, paper No. 7218, 31-48.
  17. Valiasis, T.N., Stylianidis, K.C. and Penelis, G.G. (1993), "Hysteresis model for weak brick masonry infills in R/C frames under lateral reversals", European Earthquake Engineering, 1, 1-9.

피인용 문헌

  1. On the prediction of shear brittle collapse mechanisms due to the infill-frame interaction in RC buildings under pushover analysis vol.121, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.04.044
  2. Combining in-plane and out-of-plane behaviour of masonry infills in the seismic analysis of RC buildings vol.6, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.6.5.515
  3. Evaluation of infilled frames: an updated in-plane-stiffness macro-model considering the effects of vertical loads vol.13, pp.8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-014-9714-x
  4. Macroelement Model for In-Plane and Out-of-Plane Responses of Masonry Infills in Frame Structures vol.144, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001926
  5. Masonry infills and RC frames interaction: literature overview and state of the art of macromodeling approach vol.19, pp.9, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2014.996671
  6. A Procedure for the Displacement-Based Seismic Assessment of Infilled RC Frames vol.20, pp.7, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2015.1112324
  7. Numerical modelling of out-of-plane response of infilled frames: State of the art and future challenges for the equivalent strut macromodels vol.132, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.10.012
  8. Experimental and Finite Element Analytical Investigation of Seismic Behavior of Full-Scale Masonry Infilled RC Frames vol.20, pp.7, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2016.1138171
  9. Fundamental period of infilled reinforced concrete frame structures vol.13, pp.7, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2016.1227341
  10. On Ethics and the Earthquake Resistant Interior Design of Buildings vol.20, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-012-9424-1
  11. Masonry infilled frame structures: state-of-the-art review of numerical modelling vol.8, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.8.1.225
  12. Design of Reinforced Concrete Infilled Frames vol.140, pp.9, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001042
  13. A simplified procedure for Nonlinear Static analysis of masonry infilled RC frames vol.101, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.07.023
  14. An output-only stochastic parametric approach for the identification of linear and nonlinear structures under random base excitations: Advances and comparisons vol.35, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2013.10.010
  15. Masonry infilled frame structures: state-of-the-art review of numerical modelling vol.8, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.8.3.733
  16. A critique of the earthquake policies in northern Cyprus vol.158, pp.6, 2005, https://doi.org/10.1680/stbu.2005.158.6.355
  17. Definition of diagonal Poisson’s ratio and elastic modulus for infill masonry walls vol.47, pp.1-2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-013-0058-9
  18. Non-linear behaviour of masonry infilled RC frames: Influence of masonry mechanical properties vol.150, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.08.001
  19. Analytical Prediction of the Seismic Performance of Masonry Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frames Subjected to Near-Field Earthquakes vol.134, pp.9, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:9(1569)
  20. A finite element study of the effect of vertical loading on the in-plane behavior of concrete masonry infills bounded by steel frames vol.117, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.03.010
  21. Influence of column shear failure on pushover based assessment of masonry infilled reinforced concrete framed structures: A case study vol.100, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.05.032
  22. Cyclic response of masonry infilled RC frames: Experimental results and simplified modeling vol.65, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.06.016
  23. Parameters affecting the fundamental period of infilled RC frame structures vol.9, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.9.5.999
  24. Prediction of the additional shear action on frame members due to infills vol.13, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-014-9668-z
  25. A macro-modelling approach for the analysis of infilled frame structures considering the effects of openings and vertical loads vol.12, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2015.1030761
  26. Infilled frames: developments in the evaluation of cyclic behaviour under lateral loads vol.21, pp.4, 2005, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2005.21.4.469
  27. Experimental Study on Steel Frames Infilled with Sandwich Composite Panels vol.243-249, pp.1662-8985, 2011, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.243-249.499
  28. Empirical Equations for the Direct Definition of Stress–Strain Laws for Fiber-Section-Based Macromodeling of Infilled Frames vol.144, pp.11, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001532
  29. Cyclic behaviour of hinged steel frames enhanced by masonry columns and/or infill walls with/without CFRP pp.1744-8980, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2018.1459742
  30. Performance of the health facilities during the 2012 Emilia (Italy) earthquake and analysis of the Mirandola hospital case study vol.12, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-013-9518-4
  31. Double-Leaf Infill Masonry Walls Cyclic In-Plane Behaviour: Experimental and Numerical Investigation vol.12, pp.None, 2018, https://doi.org/10.2174/1874836801812010035
  32. Contribution of RC columns and masonry wall to the shear resistance of masonry infilled RC frames containing different in size window and door openings vol.172, pp.None, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.06.007
  33. A novel macromodel for prediction of shear failure in columns of masonry infilled RC frames under earthquake loading vol.17, pp.4, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-00537-5
  34. Effect of Masonry Infill Wall Configuration and Modelling Approach on the Behaviour of RC Frame Structures vol.44, pp.5, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3389-6
  35. Modeling of the lateral stiffness of masonry infilled steel moment-resisting frames vol.70, pp.4, 2003, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.70.4.421
  36. Infill Modelling Influence on Dynamic Identification and Model Updating of Reinforced Concrete Framed Buildings vol.2020, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9384080
  37. Progressive Collapse Response of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures with Masonry Infills vol.146, pp.3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0001723
  38. Empirical Models for Lateral Stiffness and Strength of Masonry-Infilled RC Frames Considering the Influence of Openings vol.146, pp.4, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002562
  39. Effect of Infill-Wall Material Types and Modeling Techniques on the Seismic Response of Reinforced Concrete Buildings vol.21, pp.3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)nh.1527-6996.0000395
  40. Numerical Modelling and Validation of the Response of Masonry Infilled RC Frames Using Experimental Testing Results vol.10, pp.10, 2003, https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings10100182
  41. Seismic collapse risk of RC frames with irregular distributed masonry infills vol.76, pp.3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2020.76.3.421
  42. In-plane and out-of-plane seismic damage of masonry infills in existing r.c. structures: the case study of De Gasperi-Battaglia school in Norcia vol.19, pp.1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00981-2
  43. Macroelement Model for the Progressive-Collapse Analysis of Infilled Frames vol.147, pp.6, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003014
  44. A novel data-driven force-displacement macro-model for nonlinear analysis of infilled frames: development, validation and reliability comparison vol.19, pp.14, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-021-01211-z
  45. Prediction Equations for Out-of-Plane Capacity of Unreinforced Masonry Infill Walls Based on a Macroelement Model Parametric Analysis vol.147, pp.11, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0001998
  46. Development and Validation of New Bouc-Wen Data-Driven Hysteresis Model for Masonry Infilled RC Frames vol.147, pp.11, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0002001
  47. Numerical investigations on infilled frames and predictive formulae in the elastic regime vol.250, pp.None, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113349
  48. Lattice modeling and testing of aerated autoclaved concrete infilled frames vol.251, pp.no.pb, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113467
  49. A new macro-model to analyse the combined in-plane/out-of-plane behaviour of unreinforced and strengthened infill walls vol.250, pp.None, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113487