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Effects of Fibrolytic Enzyme Addition on Ruminal Fermentation, Milk Yield and Milk Composition of Dairy Cows

Fibrolytic Enzyme 첨가가 반추위 발효 성상 및 착유우의 유량 및 유성분에 미치는 영향

  • Ahn, J. H. (Department of Dairy Science, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Kim, Y. J. (Department of Dairy Science, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Kim, H. J. (Department of Dairy Science, Hankyong National University)
  • 안종호 (한경대학교 낙농과학과) ;
  • 김연정 (한경대학교 낙농과학과) ;
  • 김현진 (한경대학교 낙농과학과)
  • Published : 2003.02.28

Abstract

We evaluated the effects of adding fibrolytic enzyme into ruminant diets on ruminal fermentation (in vitro) and lactational performances of dairy cows (in vivo). Through the in vitro experiment that was carried out with different contents of NDF (34, 38, 43%) in diets, digestibilities of NDF in the rumen appeared not significantly different by the addition of enzyme but were different by NDF content in diets showing higher digestibility in NDF 43% diet. It could be attributed by the relatively higher amount of hemicellulose in the current experimental diets than in conventional diets that might have been digested easily by the addition of fibrolytic enzyme in the rumen. The addition of fibrolytic enzyme tended to increase NDF digestibilities to a little extent both in 0.05 and 0.1% enzyme levels. Ruminal pH, NH3-N concentrations and VFA production in the rumen were not affected by the addition of fibrolytic enzyme. Activities of CMCase and xylanase were higher in enzyme treated diets of both NDF 34 and 38%. In particular, the activities of xylanase that slowly decreased from 0 to 12 hr but rapidly after 24 hr indicates that the major action of the enzyme in the rumen occurs in early period of incubation. Through an in vivo experiment, fibrolytic enzyme addition into the diets of dairy cows indeed affected lactational performance of milk yield. The cows fed enzyme treated diets produced 8% (1.9kg/d) more amounts of milk than with no enzyme addition. Milk composition of milk fat and protein was not affected by enzyme addition. Overall, the results of this in vivo study indicates that fibrolytic enzyme can be used to improve milk production in lactating cows. In respect that animals in different treatments of this study had the same amounts of intake, the increased milk yield with enzyme addition may be attributed to the improved utilization of nutrients in the digestive tract.

본 연구는 유우의 생산성 향상을 위하여 유우 사료에 fibrolytic enzyme을 첨가하여 반추위내 발효 성상과 비유중인 젖소의 생산성에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 본 실험의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. In vitro 실험을 통하여 NDF 함량 수준이 다른 TMR 사료에 fibrolytic enzyme을 3가지 수준(0, 0.05, 0.1%)으로 달리하여 첨가하였을 때 나타난 NDF 소화율은 효소 첨가시 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 NDF 수준별로는 NDF 38 및 43% 수준보다 NDF 34% 수준에서 NDF 소화율이 낮은 경향을 나타내었는데 이는 본 시험 사료의 조성 성분으로 보아 NDF 성분 구성상 hemicellulose 함량이 높아 이 점이 반추위내 NDF 소화율에 영향을 주었다고 사료된다. 반추위액의 pH는 fibrolytic enzyme의 첨가 수준에 의한 영향보다는 NDF 수준에 의해 영향을 더 받은 것으로 나타났으며(P<0.001) NH3-N 생성도 전체적으로 fibrolytic enzyme 첨가에 따른 효과가 나타나지 않았다. Acetic acid의 생성량은 NDF 수준에 의해 유의한 영향을 받았으나 (P<0.05) propionic acid의 생성량은 처리구간에 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. Acetic acid와 propionic acid 생성량 모두 효소 첨가에 의한 영향은 유의하게 나타나지 않았고 A/P ratio는 NDF 34% 수준의 fibrolytic enzyme 첨가구에서 무첨가구에 비해 다소 높은 경향을 나타내었다. CMCase의 효소 활성은 NDF 34 및 43% 수준에서 fibrolytic enzyme 첨가구(0.05, 0.1%)가 무첨가구에 비해 높은 효소 활성을 보였다. Xylanase의 효소 활성은 배양 개시 후 0시간대부터 12시간대까지는 효소 활성이 완만히 감소하였고 24시간 이후부터는 급격히 감소하였다. In vivo 실험을 이용하여 fibrolytic enzyme 첨가에 따른 착유우의 생산성 변화 결과는 다음과 같다. Fibrolytic enzyme 첨가에 의한 산유량은 enzyme 첨가구와 무첨가구에서 각각 25.80 및 23.90kg/d로서 enzyme 첨가구에서 약 8% (1.90kg/d) 증가하는 결과를 나타내었다. 유지방 및 유단백 함량의 경우는 fibrolytic enzyme 첨가구와 무첨가구간 차이가 없었으나 일일 생산량으로 환산하여 평가하면 enzyme 첨가시 유성분 생산량이 유의하게 증가하는 결과를 보였다 (P<0.01). 이상의 결과들로 볼 때, in vitro 실험의 경우 fibrolytic enzyme 첨가시 반추위내 발효성상에 명확한 변화를 보여주지 못했지만 enzyme 첨가에 따라 전반적으로 NDF 소화율이 다소나마 증가하는 경향을 보였다. In vivo 실험 결과를 종합하면 착유우 사료에 fibrolytic enzyme을 첨가시 유성분의 변화보다 유량의 증가 효과가 나타났으며 이는, 사료섭취량을 제한한 본 실험의 특성상, 사료섭취량 증진 효과가 아니라 체내 영양소 이용성 증진에 따르는 효과라고 판단되었다. 반추동물의 생산성 향상을 위한 방안으로서 fibrolytic enzyme 이용 효과는 연구자에 따라 다양한 결과를 나타내므로 효소의 적용 방법에 대한 연구가 더 필요하다고 사료된다.

Keywords

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