참고문헌
- Richardson, E. R. and Seiber, J. N.: Gas chromatographicdetermination of organophosphorus insecticides and thei dialkyl phosphate metabolites in liver and kidney samples. J.Agr. Food Chem., 41(3), 416-422 (1993) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00027a014
- Fenske, R. A. and Leffingwell, J. T.: Method for thedetermination of dialkyl phosphate metabolites in urine for studies of human exposure to malathion. J. Agric. FoodChem., 37, 995-998 (1989) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00088a039
- Draper, W. M., Wijekoon, D. and Stephens, R. D.:Determination of malathion urinary metabolites by isotopedillution ion tiap GC/MS. J. Agric. Food Chem., 39, 1796-1801 (1991) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00010a021
- Aprea, C., Sciarra, G., Orsi, D., Boccalon, P., Sartorelli, P. andSartorelli, E..: Urinary excretion of alkylphosphates in thegeneral population (Italy). The Science of the TotalEnvironment, 177, 37-41 (1996)
- Fest, C. and Schmidt, K.J.: The chemistry of organophosphoruspesticides, Springer- Verlag, Berlin, 337 (1973)
- Shafik, T., Bradway, D. E., Enos, H. F. and Yobs, A. R.: Humanexposure to organophosphorus pesticides. A modifiedprocedure for the gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of alkylphosphate metabolites in urine. J. Agr. Food Chem., 21(4),625-629 (1973) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60188a036
- Blair, D. and Rodeiick, H. R.: An improved method for thedetermination of urinary dimethyl phosphate. J. Agr. Food Chem., 24(6), 1221-1223 (1976) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60208a001
- Bradway, D. E. and Shafik, M. T.: Malathion exposure studies. Determination of mono- and dicarboxylic acids and alkylphosphates in urine. J. Agr. Food Chem., 25(6), 1342-1344 (1977) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60214a002
- Lores, E. M. and Bradway, D. E.: Extraction and recovery of organophosphorus metabolites from urine using an anion exchange resin. J. Agr. Food Chem., 25(1), 75-79 (1977) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60209a040
- Churchill , F. C., Ku, D. N. and Miles, J. W.: Gas-liquid chromatographic inlet block derivatization of organophosphorus pesticides and related dialkyl phosphorothioates. J. Agr. FoodChem., 26(5), 1108-1112 (1978) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60219a015
- Takade, D. Y., Reynolds, J. M. and Nelson, J. H.: 1-(4-Nitrobeazy1)-3-(4-to1y1)triazene as a derivatizing reagent for the analysis of urinary dialkyl phosphate metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides by gas chromatography. J. Agr.Food Chem., 27(4), 746-752 (1979) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60224a003
- Daughton, C. G., Cook, A. M. and Alexander, M.: Gas chromatographic determination of phosphorus-containing pesticide metabolites via benzylation. Analyticat Chemistry, 51(12), 1949-1953 (1979) https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50048a014
- Bradway, D. E., Moseman, R. and May, R.: Analysis of alkylphosphates by extractive alkylation. Bull. Environm. Contam.Toxicot., 26, 520-523 (1981) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01622130
- Franklin, C. A., Fenske, R. A., Greenhalgh, R., Mathieu, L., Denley, H. V., Leffingwell, J. T, Spear, R. C.: Correlation of urinary pesticide metabolite excretion with estimated dennal contact in the course of occupational exposure to guthion. J. of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 7, 715-731 (1981) https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398109530014
- Moody, R. P., Franklin, C. A., Riedel, D., Muir, N. I.,Greenhalgh, R. and Hladka, A.: A new GC on-column methylation procedure for analysis of DMTP(O,O-dimethylphosphorothioate) in urine of workers exposed to fenitrothion. J. Agr. Food Chem., 33(3), 464-467 (1985) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00063a034
- Nutley, B. P. and Cocker, J.: Biological monitoring of workersoccupationally exposed to organophosphorus pesticides.Pestic. Sci., 38, 315-322 (1993) https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780380406
- Ali, F. A. F. and Fukuto, T. R.: Toxicity of O,O,S-triaIkyl phosphorothioates to the rat. J. Agr. Food Chem., 30(1), 126-130 (1982) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00109a028
- Mahajna, M., Quistad, G. B. and Casida, J. E.: S-Methylationof O,O-dialkyl phosphorodithioic acids: O,O0,S-trimethyl phosphorodithioate and phosphorodithiolate as metabolites of dimethoate in mice. Chem. Res. Toxicol, 9(7), 1202-1206 (1996)
- He, F.: Biological monitoring of exposure to pesticides: current issues. Toxicology Letters, 108, 277-283 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00099-5
- Moody, R. P. and Nadeau, B.: In vitro dermal absorption of pesticides: IV. In vivo and in vitro comparison with the organophosphorus insecticide diazinon in rat, guinea pig,human and tissue-cultured skin. Toxic. in vitro, 8(6), 1213-1218 (1994) https://doi.org/10.1016/0887-2333(94)90111-2
- Sanderson, W. T., Biagini, R., Tolos, W., Henningsen, G. and MacKenzie, B.: Biological monitoring of commercial pesticide applicators for urine metabolites of the herbicide alachlor. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 56, 883-889 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1080/15428119591016511
- Fenske, R. A., Schulter, C., Lu, C., Allen, E. H.: Incomplete removal of the pesticide Captan from skin by standard handwash exposure assessment procedures. Bull. Environm. Contam. Toxicol., 61, 194-201 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1007/s001289900748
- Griffin, P, Mason, H., Heywood, K. and Cocker, J.: Oral anddermal absorption of chlorpyrifos: a human volunteer study.Occup. Environ. Med., 56, 10-13 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.56.1.10
- 농약공업협회 : 99'농약년보.농약공업협회(1999)
- Tomlin, C.: The pesticide manual. 10th, Crop Protection Publications, U.K., 1994
- Marco, G. J., Simoneaux, B. J., Williams, S. C., Cassidy, J. E., Bissig, R. and Muecke, W.: Dennal exposure related topesticide use. ACS, Washington, D. C, 43-61, 1985