Elastomers and Composites

The Rubber Society of Korea (한국고무학회)
권호 표지

A Study on the Commercialization of Polyamide 66/Polypropylene Blend

폴리아마이드 66/폴리프로필렌 블렌드의 상업화 연구

  • Kim, Seog-Jun (School of Material Science & Chemical Engineering, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Nam, Byeong-Uk (Department of Applied Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education)
  • 김석준 (군산대학교 재료화학공학부) ;
  • 남병욱 (한국기술교육대학교 응용화학공학과)
  • Published : 2003.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Maleic anhydride-grafted-polypropylene(PP-g-MA) were used as a blend component and a compatibilizer, respectively, for two reactive blends of polyamide 66(PA 66)PP-g-MA binary blends and PA 66/polypropylene(PP)/PP-g-MA ternary blends. The goal of this work was to investigate the property differences between binary and ternary blends. Tensile strength, flexural modulus, heat deflection temperature, impact strength, melt flow index, and the dependence of melt viscosity on the shear rate were examined. The impact strengths of binary blends were higher than those of ternary blends at all compositions, since the in situ synthesis of PP-g-PA 66 copolymer through the imide formation between the amine end group of PA 66 and the anhydride group of PP-g-MA gave the increase of molecular weight and was more popular in binary blends than in ternary blends. In case of ternary blends, most of the properties were superior to those of binary blends, owing to the better properties of PP compared with PP-g-MA. The toughened binary blends with 70/30(PA 66/PP-g-MA) and 80/20 ratios were not commercially applicable due to their poor processibility. So, the ternary blends which showed lower melt viscosities were recommended for the commercial applications.

말레인산 무수물을 그라프트시킨 폴리프로필렌(PP-g-MA)을 폴리아마이드 66(PA 66)/PP-g-MA 이원 블렌드 및 PA 66/polypropylene(PP)/PP-g-MA 삼원블렌드에 한 성분 및 상용화제로 각각 사용하였다. 본 연구는 이원 및 삼원블렌드 사이의 여러가지 물성의 차이를 조사하는 것이다. 평가된 물성으로는 인장강도, 굴곡탄성율. 열변형온도, 충격강도, 용융흐름지수 그리고 전단속도 증가에 따른 점도변화가 포함된다. 이원 블렌드의 충격강도는 모든 조성에서 삼원 블렌드 보다 우수하였는데 이는 PA 66 말단의 아민 그룹과 PP-g-MA의 산 무수물이 반응하여 이미드(imide) 그룹이 형성되어 PP-g-PA 66 공중합체의 합성이 분자량을 증가시키고 이 반응이 삼원 블렌드에서 보다 이원 블렌드에 더 많이 일어나는 것에 기인하는 것이다. 삼원 블렌드계의 경우 대부분의 물성이 이원 블렌드 보다 우수하였는데 이는 PP의 물성이 PP-g-MA의 물성보다 우수하기 때문이다. 충격에 매우 강한 70/30(PA 66/pp-g-MA) 및 80/20 조성의 이원 블렌드는 가공성이 나빠 상업적 응용에는 불리하다. 따라서, 상업적 응용에는 낮은 용융점도를 보이는 삼원 블렌드를 사용하는 것이 추천된다.

Keywords

References

  1. R. P. Singh, 'Surface Grafting onto Polypropylene-A Survey of Recent Developments', Prog. Polym Sci., 17, 251 (1992) https://doi.org/10.1016/0079-6700(92)90024-S
  2. M. K. Naqvi and M. S. Choudhary, 'Grafting of Vinyl Monomers on Polypropylene', J Macromol. Sci. C:Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 36(3), 601 (1996)
  3. F. Ide and A. Hasegawa, 'Studies on Polymer Blend of Nylon 6 and Polypropylene or Nylon 6 and Polystyrene Using the Reaction of Polymer', J Appl. Polym. Sci., 18, 963 (1974) https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1974.070180402
  4. S. J. Park, B. K. Kim, and H. M. Jeong, 'Morp-hological, Thermal, and Rheological Properties of the Blends: Polypropylene/Nylon-6, Polypropylene/Nylon-6/(Maleic Anhydride-g-Polypropylene) and (Maleic Anhydride-g-Polypropylene)/Nylon-6', Eur. Polym. J., 26, 131 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(90)90176-5
  5. R. M. Holsti-Miettinen, J. Seppala, and O. T. Ikkala, 'Effects of Compatibilizers on the Properties of Polyamide/Polypropylene Blends', Polym. Eng. Sci., 32, 868 (1992) https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760321306
  6. I. Grof, M. M. Sain, and O. Durcova, 'Structure-Property Relationship of Modified Polypropylene-Polycaproamide Fiber', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 44, 1061 (1992) https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070440615
  7. O. T. Ikkala, R. M. Holsti-Miettinen, and J. Seppala, 'Effects of Compatibilization on Fractionated Cry-stallization of PA6/PP Blends', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 49, 1165 (1993) https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070490705
  8. H. S. Moon, B. K. Ryoo, and 1. K. Park, 'Con-current Crystallization in Polypropylene/Nylon-6 Blends Using Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene as a Compatibilizing Agent', J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys., 32, 1427 (1994) https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.1994.090320814
  9. J. D. Lee and S. M. Yang, 'Effects of Mixing Procedures on Properties of Compatibilized Poly-propylene/ Nylon 6 Blends', Polym. Eng. Sci., 35(23), 1821 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760352302
  10. A. Gonzalez-Montiel, H. Keskkula, and D. R. Paul, 'Morphology of Nylon 6/Polypropylene Blends Com-patibilized with Maleated Polypropylene', J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys., 33, 1751 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090331206
  11. S. N. Sathe, S. Devi, G. S. S. Rao, and K. V. Rao, 'Relationship Between Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Binary and Compatibilized Ternary Blends of Polypropylene and Nylon 6', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 61, 97 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960705)61:1<97::AID-APP11>3.0.CO;2-X
  12. J. D. Tucker, S. Lee, and R. L. Einspom, 'A Study of the Effect of PP-g-MA and SEBS-g-MA on the Mechanical and Morphological Properties of PP/PA 6 Blend', Polym. Eng. Sci., 40, 2577 (2000)
  13. A. Tedesco, R. V. Barbosa, S. M. B. Nachtigall, and R. S. Mauler, 'Comparative Study of PP-MA and PP-GMA as Compatibilizing Agents on Polypro-pylene/ Nylon 6 Blends', Polymer Testing, 21, 11 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9418(01)00038-1
  14. J. Roeder, R. V. B. Oliveria, M. C. Concalves, V. Soldi, and A. T. Pires, 'Polypropylene/Polyamide-6 Blends: Influence of Compatibilizing Agent on Inter-face Domains', Polymer Testing, 21, 815 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9418(02)00016-8
  15. J. Duvall, C. Sellitti, C. Myers, A Hiltner, and E. Baer, 'Effect of Compatibillization on the Properties of Polypropylene/Polyamide-66(75/25 Wt/Wt) Blends', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 52, 195 (1994) https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070520207
  16. J. Duvall, C. Sellitti, C. Myers, A. Hiltner, and E. Baer, 'Interfacial Effects Produced by Crystallization of Polypropylene with Polypropylene-g-Maleic Anhy-dride Compatibilizers', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 52, 207 (1994) https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070520208
  17. S. J. Elliot, K. M. Mcloughlin, and E. B. Townsend IV, 'Properties of Nylon 6,6/Polypropylene Blends Compatibilized with PP-g-MA', Proceedings of Symposium on Polymer Blends, pp.73-81, 1997
  18. S. C. Manning and R. B. Moore, 'Carboxylation of Polypropylene by Reactive Extrusion with Function for Use as a Compatibilizer in Polypropylene/Poly amide-6,6 Blends', J. Vinyl. Add. Technol., 3(2), 184 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.10187
  19. H. Hiroshi and K. Takeshi, 'Nylon/Polypropylene Adhesion Composite and Its Manufacture', Japanese Patent (Publication) 190,989(1994)
  20. T. Kazuaki, K. Yakiro, and H. Shigeki, 'Polya-mide-Polypropylene Based Fiber', Japanese Patent (Publication), 299, 511 (1987)
  21. Z. Liang and H. L. Williams, 'Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene-Polyamide Blends: Effect of Compatibilization', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 44, 699 (1992) https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070440417
  22. S. Kim, S. Lee, and J. Kim, 'Properties of Poly-propylene/Polyamide 66 Blend Compatibilized with Acrylic Acid Grafted Polypropylene', J. Korean lnd. Eng. Chem., 11(4), 414 (2000)
  23. D.-L. Xie, D. Chen, B. Jiang, and C.-Z. Yang, 'Synthesis of Novel Compatibilizers and Their Application in PP/Nylon-66 Blends. I. Synthesis and Characterization', Polymer, 41, 3599 (2000)
  24. A. Gonzalez-Montiel, H. Kesskula, and D. R. Paul, 'Impact Modified Nylon 6/Polypropyiene Blends: 1. Morphology-Property Relationships', Polymer, 36, 4587 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(95)96828-V
  25. J. Rosch and R. Mulhaupt, 'Comparison of Maleic-Anhydride-Grafted Polypropylene with Maleic-Anhydride-Grafted Poly[styrene-b-(ethane-co butene-1)-b-styrene] as Blend Compatibilizers of Polypropylene/Polyamide(70:30) Blends', Makromol. Chem. Rapid Commun., 14, 503 (1993) https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.1993.030140808
  26. H. Domininghaus, 'Plastics for Engineers', Hanser Publishers, New York, 1993
  27. C. Li, Y. Zhang, and Y. Zhang, 'Melt Grafting of Maleic Anhydride onto Low Density Polyethyelene/ Polypropylene Blends', Polymer Testing, 22, 191 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9418(02)00079-X
  28. R. M. Holsti-Miettinen, J. V. Seppala, O. T. Ikkala, and I. T. Reima, 'Functionalized Elastomeric Com-patibilizer in PA 6/PP Blends and Binary Interactions Between Compatibilizer and Polymer', Polym. Eng. Sci., 34(5), 395 (1994) https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760340504
  29. S. Sathe, G. S. S. Rao, K. V. Rao, and S. Devi, 'Effect of Functionalized Polypropylene on Thermal, Mechanical, and Morphological Properties of Polypro-pylene/ Nylon 6 Blends', J Macromol. Sci. Pure Appl. Chem., A33(4), 459 (1996)