Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing (대한간호학회지)

Korean Society of Nursing Science (한국간호과학회)
권호 표지

Depression in Posit Menopausal Women

  • Published : 2003.06.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose. This cross-sectional survey research was undertaken to examine the degree of depression in post-menopausal women and to analyze the factors affecting that depression. Method. 325 people from public health center in Inchon were surveyed as the subject of this study. Data collection was conducted through the use of questionnaires. Results. The above half of these sampled people were in depressed state (64.0%) and the mean score of depression was 12.71. There were significant differences in the depression state according to presence of spouse, economic level, exercise, and smoking. A positive correlation was found between depression and climacteric symptoms. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor was climacteric symptom. Climacteric symptom, presence of spouse, smoking, and exercise accounted for 45 % of the variance in postmenopausal women's depression. Conclusion. Nurses are able to use these results to plan and implement nursing interventions for decreasing depression and consequent the improved quality of life in Korean postmenopausal women. Also, the nurses have to be more aware of the following groups; solitary women, low-income group and smokers, that they have higher mean score of depression.

Keywords

References

  1. Bakaroglu, M., Uluutku, N., Tanriover, S., & Kirpinar, I. (1991). Depression in an elderly population in Turkey. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 84(2), 174-178
  2. Beck, A.T. (1967). Depression: Clinical experimental and theoretical aspects. NY: Harper and Row
  3. Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock, & Erbaugh, (1961). An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiat, 4, 561-571
  4. Bobak, I.M., Jensen, M.D., & Zalar, M.K. (1990). Maternity and gynecologic care. 4th ed., St. Louis:Mosby
  5. Chang, E.R. (2000). A study on factors that affect ego-identity and depression of middle-aged women. Masters thesis, Seoul Theological University, Seoul
  6. Choi, Y.S. & et. al. (1999). Women's health nursing II. Seoul: Soomoonsa. 1094-1124
  7. Gannon, L. (1988). The potential role of exercise in the alleviation of menstrual disorders and menopausal symptoms. Women & Health, 14(2), 105-127 https://doi.org/10.1300/J013v14n02_07
  8. Han, H.M., Yum, T.H., Shin, Y.W., Kim, K.H., Yoon, D.J. & Jung, K.J. (1986). Standardization of Beck Depression Inventory in Korean culture. J of Korean Neuropsychiatic Association, 25(3), 487-502
  9. Hauenstein, E.J., & Boyd, M.R. (1994). Depressive symptoms in young women of the Piedmont: Prevalence in rural women. Women & Health, 21(2-3), 105-123
  10. Henderson, J.G. Jr, & Pollard, C.A. (1992). Prevalence of various depressive symptoms in a sample of the general population. Psychol Rep, 71(1), 208-210
  11. Holland, W.W., Detels, R., Knox, G., Fitxsimons, B., and Gardner, L. (1991). Oxford textbook of public health. 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford university press, 170-172
  12. Kim, S.S. (2000). The associated factors with the depression of middle- aged women living in a city. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Chosun University, Kwangju
  13. Klein, M., Greist, J., Gurman, A., Neimeyer, R., Lesser, D., Bushnessl, N., & Smith, R, Lesser, D., Bushnessl, N., & Smith, R. (1984). A comparative outcome study of group psychotherapy versus exercise treatments for depression. Int J Ment Health, 13, 148-176
  14. Korean Academy of Menopause (1994). Health of menopause. Seoul: Kalvin press
  15. Kwon, S.H., Kim, Y.J., Moon, K.N., Kim, I.S., Park, K.J., Park, C.W., Bae, J.E., Song, A.R., Yeo, J.H., Jung, E.S., & Jung, H.M. (1995). The climacteric symptoms and depression in middle-aged women. Korean J Women Health Nurs, 2(2), 235-243
  16. Lee, K.E. & Choi, E.S. (1999). The depression in middle-aged women in Kwangwondo. Korean J Women Health Nurs, 5(3), 299-312
  17. Morse, C. (1980). The middlescent women and the menopausal syndrome. The Aust Nurs J, 9(8), 37-48
  18. North American Menopause Society (2000). A decision tree for the use of estrogen replacement therapy or hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women: consensus opinion of the North American Menopause Society. J. of the North American Menopause Society, 7(2), 76-86 https://doi.org/10.1097/00042192-200007020-00003
  19. Oh, H.J. (2000). A pharmacological treatment of climacteric depression. J Korean Acad Fam Med, 21(9), 1199-1202
  20. Palinkas, L.A. & Barrett-Cannor, E. (1992) Estrogen use and depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women. Obstet & Gynecol, 80(1), 30-36
  21. Rajala, U., Uusimaki, A., Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S., & Kivela, S.L. (1994). Prevalence of depression in a 55-year-old Finnish population. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 29(3), 126-130
  22. Shin, M.H. (2001). A study on the relationship between the climacteric symptoms and depression in menopausal women who have received hormonal replacement therapy. Master thesis, Soonchunhyang University, Onyang
  23. Sung, M.H. (2000). An analysis of the relationship between climacteric symptoms and depression of middle-aged women. Korean J Women Health Nurs, 6(4), 465-476
  24. Yoo, E.K., Kim, M.H. & Kim, T.K. (1999). A study of the relationship among health promoting behaviors, climacteric symptoms and depression of middle-aged women. J Korean Acad Nurs, 29(2), 225-237
  25. Wilson, H.S. and Kneisl, C.R. (1988). Psychiatric Nursing. California: Addison Wesley Co
  26. Woo, J., Ho, S.C., Lau, J., Yuen, Y.K., Chiu, H., Lee, H.C., & Chi, I. (1994). The prevalence of deressive symptoms and predisposing factors in an elderly Chinese population. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 89(1), 8-13
  27. Wood, N.F. & Mitchell. E.S. (1996). Patterns of depressed mood in midlife women: Observation from the Seattle midlife women's health study. Res Nurs Health, 19, 111-123 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-240X(199604)19:2<111::AID-NUR3>3.0.CO;2-P
  28. Zung, W.W., Broadhead, W.E., & Roth, M.E. (1993). Prevalence of depressive symptoms in primary care. J Fam Pract, 37(4), 337-344