Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association (대한가정학회지)

The Korean Home Economics Association (대한가정학회)
권호 표지

Children's theory of Mind in Making Stories

이야기 만들기에서 나타나는 아동의 마음에 대한 이해

  • 송영주 (계명대학교 교육대학원)
  • Published : 2003.01.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate how the children show their theory of mind in making stories. Eleven children of age 6, twelve children of age 9, and eleven undergraduates made their stories using the picture book “Frog, where are you?”. All of the stories were audiotaped, parsed with clauses, and were coded into mental & para-mental categories. Results showed that the children used less mind-related terms, like belief, intent, desire, and emotion, than the adults did. And the children talked primarily about the characters' intent of the mind, whereas the adults expressed other mental processes. But there were no differences between age 6 and age 9, in expressing the theory of mind.

Keywords

References

  1. 송명자 (1995). 발달심리학. 서울: 학지사
  2. Bamberg, M., & Damrad-Frye, R. (1991). On the ability to provide evaluative comments: Further explorations of children's narrative competencies. Journal of Child Language, 18, 689-710 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000900011314
  3. Bartsch, K., & London, K. (2000). Children's use of mental state information in selectingpersuasive arguments. Developmental Psychology, 36(3), 352-365 https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.36.3.352
  4. Bartch, K. & Wellman, H. (1995). Children talk about the mind. New York: Oxford University Press
  5. Berman, M., & Slobin, D. (1994). Relating events in narrative: a crosslinguistic developmental study. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Pub
  6. Benson, M. S. (1996). Structure, conflict, and psychological causation in the fictional narratives of 4- and S-year olds. Merll-Palmer Quarterly, 42(2), 228-247
  7. Brown, J. R, Donelan-McCall, N., & Dunn, J. (1996). Why talk about mental states? The significance of children's conversations with friends, siblings, and mothers. Child Development, 67, 836-849 https://doi.org/10.2307/1131864
  8. Eaton, J. H., Collis, G. M., & Lewis, V. A. (1999). Evaluative explanations in children's narratives of video sequence without dialogue. Journal of Child Language, 26, 699-720 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000999003967
  9. Feldman, C. F. (1989). Early forms of thoughts about thoughts: Some simple linguistic expressions of mental state. In Astington, J. W., Harris, P. L., & Olson, D. R.(Eds.), Developing theories of mind. Cambridge Univ. Press
  10. Flavell, J. H. (1988). The development of children's knowledge about the mind: from cognitive connections to mental representation. In Astington, J. W., Harris, P. L., & Olson, D. R(Eds.), Developing theories of mind. Cambridge Univ, Press.
  11. Gardner, D., Harris, P. L., Ohmoto, M., & Hamazaki, T. (1988). Japanese children's understanding of the distinction between real and apparent emotion. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 11, 203-218 https://doi.org/10.1177/016502548801100204
  12. Hughes, C., & Dunn, J. (1997). 'Pretend you didn't know': Preschoolers' talk about mental states in pretend play. Cognitive Development, 12, 381-403
  13. Lalonde, A. M., & Chandler, M. (1995). False belief understanding goes to school: On the socialemotional consequences of coming early or late to a first theory of mind. Cognition and Emotion, 9, 167-185 https://doi.org/10.1080/02699939508409007
  14. Mayer, M. (1969). Frog, where are you? New York: Dial Press
  15. Miller, P. H, & Aloise, P. A. (1989). Young children's understanding of the psychological causes of behavior: a review. Child Development, 60, 275-285
  16. Perner, J. (1991). Understanding the representational mind. Cambridge, MA: The MITPress
  17. Poulin-Dubois, D. & Shultz, T. (1988). The development of the understanding of human behavior: From agency to intentionality. In J. W. Astington, P. Harris & D. Olson(Eds.), Developing theories of mind. New York: Cambridge University Press
  18. Robinson, E. J. (1981). The child's understanding of inadequate messages and communication failure: A problem of ignorance or egocentrism? In W. P. Dickson(Ed.), Children's oral communication skills. New York: Academic Press
  19. Kuntay, A., & Nakamura, K. (1993). Evaluative strategies in monologic Japanese and Turkish narratives. Paper presented at the 6th International Congress for the Study of Child Language, 18-24, July 1993. University of Trieste, Italy
  20. Tardiff, T., & Wellman, H. M. (2000). Acquisition of mental state language in Mandarin-and Cantonese- speaking children. Developmental Psychology, 36(1), 25-43 https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.36.1.25
  21. Trabasso, T., & Nickels, M. (1992). The development of goal plans of action in the narration of a picture story. Discourse Processes
  22. Wellman, H. M. (1990). The child's theory of mind. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press
  23. Wellman, H. M., & Estes, D. (1986). Early understanding of mental entities: a reexamination of childhood realism. Child Development, 57, 910-923 https://doi.org/10.2307/1130367
  24. Wellman, H. M., & Gelman, S. A. (1992). Cognitive development: Foundational theories of core domains. In M. R. Rosenzweig & L. W. Porter (Eds.), Annual Review of Psychology (Vol. 43). Palo Alto. CA: Annual Reviews
  25. Wood, M. E. (1978). Children's developing understanding of other people's motives for behavior(Brief reports). Developmental Psychology, 14(5), 561-562 https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.14.5.561