MR Imaging Findings of Cortical Dysplasia of the Brain: Correlation with Pathologic Grades and Subtypes

뇌피질 이형성증의 자기공명영상소견: 병리적 등급 및 유형과의 연관성에 대하여

  • Bae Ju Kwon (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kee-Hyun Chang (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, SNUMRC) ;
  • Chun-Kee Chung (Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Moon Hee Han (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, SNUMRC) ;
  • Yoon La Choi (Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Je G. Chi (Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • Published : 2003.06.01

Abstract

Purpose : Cortical dysplasia is known to be of variety of MR imaging findings. We attempted to classify MR imaging findings of cortical dysplasia into several types and to correlate those with histopathologic grades and subtypes. Materials and Methods : Preoperative MR images of 97 patients with pathologically-proven cortical dysplasia were retrospectively reviewed with knowledge of the diagnosis and operative sites. The patients were divided into MR-positive and MR-negative groups based on the presence or absence of MR imaging abnormalities. In MR-positive group, MR imaging features were arbitrarily classified into four types (atrophic, cortical-band, inward-rounding, and nonspecific types) on the basis of size of the gyrus and adjacent CSF space, cortical thickness, signal intensity of the subcortical white matter, and blurring of the gray-white matter junction. The pathologic findings were also retrospectively reviewed without knowledge of MR imaging findings and divided into three grades (mild, moderate, and severe) and two subtypes (nonballoon-cell and balloon-cell). Pathologic grades and subtypes we re compared between MR-positive and MR-negative groups. Four MR types of the MR-positive group were correlated with the pathologic grades and subtypes. Results : MR-positive and MR-negative groups consisted of 39 (40%) and 58 (60%) patients, respectively. Of the MR-positive group, atrophic type was seen in 13 patients (33 %), cortical-band type in 9 (23%), inward-rounding type in 9 (23%), and nonspecific type in 8 (21%). There was no significant difference in the pathologic grades between MR-positive and MR-negative groups, although MR-positive group tended to have higher pathologic grades than MR-negative group did. Balloon-cell subtype was found significantly higher in MR-positive group than in MR-negative group (p<0 .05): 21% (8/39) versus 5% (3/58). The inward-rounding type corresponded to the pathologically severe grade and balloon-cell subtype in 78% (7/9) and 56% (5/9) of the patients, respectively, while the atrophic type to the mild grade and nonballoon-cell subtype in 77% (10/13) and 100% (13/13), respectively. Conclusion : A variety of MR imaging abnormalities were found in 40% of the patients with cortical dysplasia and those were classified into four types (atrophic, cortical-band, inward-rounding, and nonspecific types), of which the inward-rounding type correlated well with the pathologically severe grade and balloon-cell subtype, whereas the atrophic type with the mild grade and nonballoon-cell subtype.

목적 : 뇌피질 이형성증의 다양한 자기공명영상소견을 유형별로 분류하고 병리적 등급 및 유형과의 연관성을 분석한다. 대상 및 방법 : 수술 후 병리적으로 뇌피질 이형성증이 확진된 97명을 대상으로 하였다. 수술 전 MR 영상을 후향적으로 분석하였으며, 이상 소견의 유무에 따라 MR 양성군과 MR 음성군으로 나누었다. MR 양성군에서는 뇌회와 인접지주막하 공간의 크기, 뇌피질 두께, 피질하백질의 신호 강도, 뇌피질과 백질 경계부의 명확성에 의하여 MR 이상 소견을 분류하였다. 병리적 소견 역시 영상 소견을 모르는 상태에서 후향적으로 분석하였으며, 경도, 중등도, 고도와 비풍선세포형, 풍선세포형으로 나누었다. MR 양성군과 음성군 사이에서 그리고 MR 양성군의 네 가지 유형 내에서 각각 병리적 등급 및 유형의 차이가 있는지 분석하였다. 결과: MR 양성군과 음성군은 각각 39 (40%) 명, 58 (60%) 명이었다. MR 양성군 중 위축형은 13 (33%)명, 피질띠형은 9 (23%)명, 내측 만곡형은 9 (23%)명, 그리고 비특이적 형태는 8 (21%)명이었다. MR 양성군과 음성군 사이에서 병리적 등급은 의미 있는 차이가 없었으나, MR음성군에 비하여 MR 양성군에서 고도의 병리적 등급의 빈도가 높은 경향을 보였으며 또한 풍선 세포형의 빈도 역시 유의하게 높았다. (5% Vs 2l%, p<0.05). 특히 MR 양성군 중에 내측 만곡형은 고도의 병리적 등급과 풍선세포형의 빈도가 각각 78% (7/9), 56% (5/9)인 반면에, 위축형은 경도의 등급과 비풍선세포형의 빈도가 각각 77% (10/13), 100%(13/13)이었다. 결론: 뇌피질이형성증 환자의 MR 영상에서 반 이하에서만 이상 소견을 발견할 수 있었고, 특히 내측 만곡형은 병리적으로 고도의 등급 및 풍선세포형, 그리고 위축형은 경도의 등급 및 비풍선세포형과 높은 연관성을 보여 주었다.

Keywords