Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Mobility of Transition Metals by Change of Redox Condition in Dump Tailings from the Dukum Mine, Korea

덕음광산 광미의 산화${\cdot}$환원 조건에 따른 전이원소의 이동성

  • 문용희 (연세대학교 지구시스템과학과) ;
  • 문희수 (연세대학교 지구시스템과학과) ;
  • 박영석 (조선대학교 자원공학과) ;
  • 문지원 (연세대학교 지구시스템과학과) ;
  • 송윤구 (연세대학교 지구시스템과학과) ;
  • 이종천 (국립환경연구원 영산강물 환경연구소)
  • Published : 2003.08.01
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Abstract

Tailings of Dukum mine in the vadose and saturated zone were investigated to reveal the mobility of metal elements and the condition of mineralogical solubility according to redox environments throughout the geochemical analysis, thermodynamic modelling, and mineralogical study for solid-samples and water samples(vadose zone; distilled water: tailings=5 : 1 reacted, saturated zone; pore-water extracted). In the vadose zone, sulfide oxidation has generated low-pH(2.72∼6.91) condition and high concentration levels of S $O_4$$^{2-}$(561∼1430mg/L) and other metals(Zn : 0.12∼l57 mg/L, Pb : 0.06∼0.83 mg/L, Cd : 0.06∼l.35 mg/L). Jarosite$(KFe_3(SO_4)_2(OH)_6)$ and gypsum$(CaSO_4{\cdot}2H_2O$) were identified on XRD patterns and thermodynamics modelling. In the saturated zone, concentration of metal ions decreased because pH values were neutral(7.25∼8.10). But Fe and Mn susceptible to redox potential increased by low-pe values(7.40∼3.40) as the depth increased. Rhodochrosite$(MnCO_3)$ identified by XRD and thermodynamics modelling suggested that $Mn^{4+}$ or $Mn^{3+}$ was reduced to $Mn^{2+}$. Along pH conditions, concentrations of dissolved metal ions has been most abundant in vadose zone throughout borehole samples. It was observed that pH had more effect on metal solubilities than redox potential. How-ever, the release of co-precipitated heavy metals following the dissolution of Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides could be the mechanism by which reduced condition affected heavy metal solubility considering the decrease of pe as depth increased in tile saturated zone.

본 연구에서는 덕음광산 광미를 대상으로 심도별로 비포화대에서 광미와 증류수(5:1)의 반응에 의한 반응수와 포화대에서 공극수를 추출하여 화학분석, 열역학적 모델링 그리고, 고상시료에 대한 광물학적 연구를 통해 pH 및 산화${\cdot}$환원 변화에 따른 원소들의 거동특성과 이에 영향을 주는 고상의 용해도 특성을 규명하고자 하였다. 반응수 및 공극수에 대한 심도별 화학분석을 실시한 결과, 비포화대에서는 황화광물의 산화작용으로 낮은 p(2.71~6.91)조건이 형성되어 $SO_4^{2-}$(561~1430mg/L)와 금속이온(Zn:0.12~158mg/L, Pb:0.06~0.83mg/L, CD:0.06~1.35mg/L)의용존이온 함량이 높았다. 그리고 열역학적 모델링과 XRD분석을 통해 자로사이트(jarosite, $KFe_3(SO_4)_2(OH)_6)$와 석고(gypsum, $CaSO_4{\cdot}2H_2O$)가 동정되었다. 포화대에서는 중성의 pH 값(7.25~8.10)으로 인해 비포화대에 비해 금속이온 함량이 줄어들었으나, 심도가 증가함에 따라 pe 값의 감소(7.40$leftrightarro}$3.40)로 산화-환원에 민감한 Fe와 Mn의 용존이온 함량이 다소 증가하였다. 열역학적 모델링과 XRD(X-ray diffraction)분석으로 정성된 능망간석(rhodochrosite, $MnCO_3$)의 존재는 Mn산화물의 환원작용을 지시해 준다. 산화-환원 변위에 비해 pH가 금속화합물의 이온화 작용에 더 많은 영향을 미치지만, 포화대에서는 pe 값의 감소로 Fe와 Mn의 용존 이온의 증가와 An 사이의 상관관계로 대변된다. 따라서, Fe와 Mn수산화물의 재용해로 인해 동시에 침전된 중금속의 기동에 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있다.

Keywords

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