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Sterol Composition and Phytoestrogen Activity of Safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.) Seed

홍화(Carthamus tinctorius L.)씨의 sterol 및 Phytoestrogen 분석

  • 최영주 (신라대학교 식품영양학과 & 마린바이오산업화지원센터) ;
  • 최상욱 (경상대학교 공동실험실습관)
  • Published : 2003.08.01

Abstract

This study was done to investigated the phytosterol compositions of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed. The phytoestrogen activity was also determined using CAT-ELISA Kit in ethanol extract of safflower seed. The phytosterol of safflower seeds was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after saponification of the oils. The phytosterol content and composition of safflower seed oils were 4% and identified stigmast-5-en-3-ol (3$\beta$, 24S)-form, ${\gamma}$-sitosterol (clionasterol) with Wiley MS spectrum library. The synergistic effect of human estrogen receptor (hER) has been investigated using a minimal chimeric promoters composed of the TATA region of the adenovirus-2 major late promoter (A22MLP) and two consensus perfectly polindromic Xenopus vitellogenin A2 gene estrogen responsive elements (XVEREl19). Transient transfection experiments in tile human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7, which is known to express the estrogen receptor endogenously, revealed that phytoestrogen from Carthamus tinctorius L. acts as estrogen. We have observed the transcriptional activities stimulated methanol and ethanol extract of safflower seed in MCF-7, were 0.43 and 0.37 respectively, compared to that by $\beta$-estradiol as 1.0. Our data showed that safflower seeds have estrogenic activity methanol and ethanol extracts and ethanol lower than that of $\beta$-estradiol. This result provides the first evidence that the beneficial effect of safflower seeds may be mediated, at least in part, by the stimulating effect of phytoestrogen ell bone-protecting.

홍화씨가 골절, 골다공증 및 골형성부전증 등의 골 질환 치료에 효과가 있다는 것이 알려져 민간요법으로 사용되고 있으나 홍화씨의 어떤 성분이 이러한 작용을 하는지에 관해서는 거의 밝혀져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 흥화씨의 sterol 조성을 분석하고 폐경기 여성들의 골다공증 치료에 사용되고 있는 합성 estrogen 대체물질로써 그 기능이 확인된 phytoestrogen 활성을 측정하였다. Cholesterol에서 성호르몬인 estrogen이 합성되는 것처럼 식물 sterol 도 phytoestrogen 합성을 위한 전구체 작용을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 홍화씨에 존재하는 식물성 sterol은 stigmast-5-en-3-ol (3$\beta$, 24S)-form인 ${\gamma}$-sitosterol (clionasterol)로 확인되었으며 홍화에 존재하는 식물성 sterol의 함량은 총지질의 약 4%를 함유하였다. 홍화씨의 sterol 분석은 GC-MS와 Wiley MS spectrum library를 사용하여 분석하였으며 홍화씨에 존재하는 중요한 4-desmethyl sterols 에는 sitosterol 만이 확인되었다. 홍화씨의 식물성 estrogen 효과는 $\beta$-estradiol ($10^{-8}$ M)의 활성을 1로 했을 때 홍화씨의 에탄을 층(5 mg/ml) 및 메탄올 층(5 mg/ml)에서 각각 0.37과 0.43으로 estrogen 유사효과를 나타내었다(ANOVA p<0.001). 홍화씨에 포함된 estrogen에 의한 전사활성 촉진은 MCF7/pDS-CAT-ERE119-Ad2MLP system을 사용하여 estrogen수용체와 reporter gene 발현을 이용하는 방법으로 세포에 직접 처리함으로써 phytoestrogen 활성을 측정할 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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