Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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A Study on the Sorption Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydro-carbons(PAHs) and Cadmium by Organoclays

유기점토에 의한 다환방향족 탄화수소와 카드뮴의 흡착특성 연구

  • Seung Yeop Lee (School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Soo Jin Kim (School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University)
  • Published : 2003.06.01
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Abstract

The fate and behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and heavy metals in the environment are mainly controlled by their interactions with various components of soils and sediments. Due to their large surface area and abundance in many soils, smectites may greatly influence the fate and transport of the contaminants. In our experiment, PAH sorption by hexadecyltimethylammonium(HDTMA)-modified smectite linearly increased in proportion to the amount of HDTMA added on the clay. However, trimethylammonium(TMA)-modified smectite did not show superiority in its sorption of PAH compared with the HDTMA-smectite or dodecyltrimethylammonium(DTMA)- smectite. Meanwhile, the smectites modified with the same cationic surfactants adsorbed Cd$^{2＋}$(heavy metal) significantly from water at low surfactant loading level, but the Cd$^{2＋}$ adsorption linearly decreased as the loading of surfactant increased. The result shows that the sorption tendency of organoclays for organic or inorganic contaminants was significantly influenced by the amount and size of the surfactants added on the clay. This reveals that the stabilization and configuration of cationic surfactant formed on the clay interlayer of different sizes may be an important factor in controlling the sorptive capacity of each pollutant in the environment.

다환방향족 탄화수소(PAHs)와 중금속의 거동은 주로 토양 및 퇴적물내의 다양한 성분과의 상호 반응에 의해 결정된다. 토양구성 성분중 스멕타이트는 양적으로 풍부하고 큰 표면적을 가지고 있어서 오염물의 거동에 커다란 영향을 끼친다. 본 실험에서, 헥사데실트리메틸암모니움(HDTMA)으로 표면개질된 스멕타이트로 다환방향족 탄화수소에 대한 흡착 실험을 실시하였을 때, 헥사데실트리메틸암모니움의 첨가량에 따라 선형적으로 오염물의 흡착량이 증가하였다. 그러나, 트리메틸암모니움(TMA)으로 표면개질된 스멕타이트는 헥사데실트리메틸암모니움이나 도데실트리메틸암모니움(DTMA)으로 표면개질된 스멕타이트보다 다환방향족 탄화수소의 흡착능력이 떨어졌다. 한편, 동일한 스멕타이트로 물속에 존재하는 카드뮴을 제거하는 실험에서 계면활성제의 첨가량이 많지 않을 때는 카드뮴 흡착량이 높았으나, 계면활성제의 첨가량이 증가하면서 반대로 카드뮴의 흡착량은 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 유기점토에 의한 유기 혹은 무기오염물 흡착 경향성이 점토에 첨가되는 계면활성제의 크기와 첨가량에 의해 크게 좌우됨을 보여준다. 이것은 다시 말해, 계면활성제의 첨가량에 따라 점토광물 층간에 형성되는 양이온성 계면활성제의 안정성과 배열 구조가 환경 오염물들의 효과적인 제거를 결정하는 중요한 요소임을 의미한다.

Keywords

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