Sediment Preference and Growth of the Young Urechis unicinctus

개불, Urechis unicinctus 치충의 저질선택성 및 성장

  • Published : 2003.02.01

Abstract

Studies of the seed production of Urechis unicinctus were conducted under the laboratory conditions to obtain some information for the U.unicinitus culture. The experiment included developmental studies of the egg development, larval culture, sediment preference and growth of young U.unicinctus. The experiment were conducted from March to August, 2000. The adults of U.unicinctus collected in Namhae-do, Korea. The developments of the fertilized eggs were observed under a light-microscope at intervals of one hour after containing with density of one individual per 1 $m\ell$. The larvae were fed with Phaeodactylum tricornutum cultured at the laboratory. The concentration of the phytoplankton for the feed was 30,000 cells per individual larva. With progress of development, the food concentration was gradually increased, up to 10,000 cells per individual for the young U.unicinctus. Trochophore larvae appeared on the 68 hours after hatching. On the 32 days after hatching, over 50% of fertilized eggs developed into young U.unicinctus. In order to investigate the effect of sediment on the growth and burrowing of U.unicinctus, the young worms were reared in tanks with different grain sizes. The highest value of sediment preference and survival rate of U.unicinctus was shown in the mixture sediment group with below 0.10 mm, 1.01∼12.00 mm, over 3.01 mm and shell. The lowest value in both sediment preference and survival rate of U.unicinctus was observed in 1.0l∼2.00 mm grain size.

수정된 난은 분리침성란으로 저면에 침하하였으나, 해수의 유동에 의하여 쉽게 부상하는 성질이 있었다. 또 난의 모양은 완전한 구형으로 구경은 평균 150 $\mu\textrm{m}$ 정도였다. 각 발생 단계의 소요시간을 보면 8세포기까지 1.9시간, 상실기까지 7.9시간, 낭배기까지 27시간이 소요되었다. 담륜자 유생까지의 발생소요시간은 68시간이었는데 이 기간에는 섭이를 위해 활발하게 유영운동을 하였으며, 이때 유생의 체장은 평균63 $\mu\textrm{m}$였다. 평균체장 163 $\mu\textrm{m}$인 담륜자 유생이 7체절기로 성장하는데는 18일이 걸렸고, 13체절기까지의 소요시간은 29일었으며, 이 시기부터는 저면에서 연동운동에 의한 이동이 관찰되었다. 그리고 32일 경과시에는 평균체장은 768 $\mu\textrm{m}$인 치충으로 저질에 굴을 파고 잠입하였다. 60일 후 개불 치충의 평균체장은 1,108 $\mu\textrm{m}$였고, 90일 후에는 1.835 $\mu\textrm{m}$였으며, 체색은 투명하였다. 또한 120일 이후에는 평균체장이 3.7cm로 성장하였고, 체색은 적황색이었으며, 입 주위에 강모가 생성되어 완전한 성체의 모습을 갖추었다. 사육일수와 체장에 관한 상대성장식은 BL=0.2097 $e^{0.048}$4RD/ ($r^2$=0.9299)이었고(Fig. 2), 체장과 체폭의 상대성장식은 BB=0.2033BL-383.21($r^2$=0.9518)이었다. 저질선택성 실험개시 30일 경과 후, 펄에서 31마리, 조개껍질과 모래의 혼합구에서 23마리, 펄과 모래의 혼합구에서 21마리, 펄과 모래와 조개껍질의 혼합구에서 32마리가 관찰된 것에 반해 모래구에서는 한 마리도 관찰되지 않았다. 또한 개불의 잠입깊이 실험 결과, 2.5~5cm, 5~7.5cm구간에서 각각 10마리가 관찰되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Estu. Coast. Mar. Sci. v.5 The effect of temperature change on the development of Urechis caupo Fisher and MacGinitie 1928 (Echiuroidea) Akesson, T. R.
  2. Mar. Biol. v.113 Burrow environment and coelomic fluid characteristics of the echiuran worm. Urechis caupo from population at three sites in northern California Arp, A. J.;B. M. Hansen;D. Julian
  3. J. Exp. Biol. v.38 Territorial behavior in barnacle settlement. Crisp, D. J.
  4. Mar. Biol. v.22 A study of the morphology, ultramicrostructure and histochemsitry of the foot of the pediveliger of Ostrea edulis Cranfield, H. L.
  5. Am. Zool. v.30 The defect of sulfide on the oxygen consumption rate of Urechis caupo. Eaton, R. A.;A. J. Arp
  6. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. v.10 The natural history of an echiuroid worm. Fisher, W. K.;G. E. MacGinitie
  7. Dev. Biol. v.46 Fine structural investigation of the insemination response in Urechis caupo. Gould-Somero, M.;L. Holland
  8. D. S. thesis. Nat'l. Fish. Univ. Pusan. Basic studies for aquaculture of the polychaete, Perinereis aibuhitensis (Grube) Kang, K. H.
  9. J. of Aquaculture v.12 no.3 Sediment preference and burrow shape of spoon worm, Urechis unicinctus (Von Drasche) in laboratory culture. Kang, K. H.
  10. J. Korean Fish. Soc. v.30 no.4 Sediment preference and burrow shape of the polychaete, Perinereis aibuhitensis according to the laboratory culture. Kang, K. H.;J. H. Lee;S. K. Yoo;Y. J. Chang
  11. Aquabiology v.20 Reproductive ecology and life history traits of the marine invertebrates - V. Habitat selection at the settlement of larvae. Kikuchi, T.
  12. Biol. Bull. v.63 The early embryology of the Echiuroid, Urechis Newby, W. W.
  13. Natural Science Report, Ochanomizu Univ. v.9 no.2 Rearing experiments of Urechis larvae. Sakiyama, F.
  14. Evolution v.34 The evolution and loss of feeding larval stages of marine invertebrates. Strathmann, R. R.
  15. Mar. Biol. v.78 Growth and spawning of Urechis caupo (echiura in Bodega Harbor, California) Suer, A. L.
  16. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. v.67 Rapid, gregarious settlement of the larvae of the marine echiuran, Urechis caupo. Suer, A. L.;D. W. Phillips
  17. Ophelia v.1 Light as an ecological factor in the dispersal and settlement of larvae of marine bottom invertebrates. Thorson, G.
  18. Austral. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. v.11 Observations on the settling behaviour of larvae of the tubeworm Spirorbis borealis Daudin (Polychaeta). Wiseley, B.
  19. Bull. Osaka Pref. Fish. Exp. Sta. v.6 Studies on the biology and aquaculture of a common polychaete, Perinereis nuntia. Yoshida, S.