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Water Quality of Streams and Riparian Vegetation at Rice Cultivation Area of Eastern Jeonnam

벼 재배기간중 전남동부지역 농촌하천의 수질과 분포초종

  • Lee, Do-Jin (Department of Agricultural Education, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Cho, Ju-Sik (Division of Environmental and Agricultural Science, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kuk, Yong-In (Institute of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Ahn, Ho-Geun (Department of Chemical Engineering, Sunchon National University)
  • 이도진 (순천대학교 농업교육과) ;
  • 조주식 (순천대학교 환경농업과학부) ;
  • 국용인 (전남대학교 생명공학연구소) ;
  • 안호근 (순천대학교 화학공학과)
  • Published : 2003.03.31

Abstract

The characteristic of the quality of stream water and the riparian vegetation during rice cultivation in the rural area of the eastern Jeonnam province was surveyed from April to November, 2000. The water quality of the streams during rice cultivation was variable. The pH of these water bodies ranged from $6.5{\sim}8.3$. Electro conductivity (EC) at each water body ranged from $162{\sim}4,910\;{\mu}S/cm$ for Beogyo-cheoa $114.7{\sim}286.6\;{\mu}g/cm$ for Boseong-cheon, $74.8{\sim}147\;{\mu}S/cm$ for Songgwang-cheon, and $61.6{\sim}82.1\;{\mu}S/cm$ for Isa-cheon. Total nitrogen and other parameters (K, Ca, Mg, Na, $Cl^-$, SS) were higher at May (Boseong-cheon) through June (Songgwang-cheon, Isa-cheon) during the transplanting season than these same parameters at August October and November. Thirty weed species of sixteen families were found in the survey areas of Songgwang-cheon, Boseong-cheon Isa-cheon and Beolgyo-cheon. Nine annual weeds, four biennial weeds, and seventeen perennial weeds were found, several different life forms were identified. Of those species three were submerged, two were free floating, five were emerged, and twenty were water-side weeds.

전남 동부권에 위치하는 농경지 주변 4개 하천에 대하여 벼 재재기간을 전후한 시기에 하천수질의 특성과 분포하는 초종을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 하천수질 특성은 다양하였으며 조사기간 중 각 하천수의 pH는 $6.5{\sim}8.3$ 범위였고, EC는 벌교천($162{\sim}4,910\;{\mu}S/cm$)에서 가장 높았으며 보성천($114.7{\sim}286.6\;{\mu}S/cm$), 송광천($74.8{\sim}147.4\;{\mu}S/cm$), 이사천($61.6{\sim}82.1\;{\mu}S/cm$)순이었다. 조사기간 중 총질소 함량은 보성천($1.9{\sim}7.4\;mg/L$), 벌교천($2.1{\sim}3.9\;mg/L$), 송광천($2.4{\sim}3.4\;mg/L$), 이사천($1.7{\sim}2.6\;mg/L$)순으로 호소수질 환경기준 1등급(0.2 mg/L)과 농업용수 수질기준(1 mg/L)을 모두 초과하였다. 그 밖의 대부분 조사항목 Ca, Mg, Na, $Cl^-$ 등)은 하천에 따른 함유량 고저 차이는 있었으나 모내기를 전후한 시기에 영양염류 함량이 가장 높게 나타나 보성천에서는 5월, 송광천과 이사천에서는 6월이었다. 4개 하천의 조사지점에서 관찰된 초종수는 모두 16과 30종이었으며 송광찬 보성찬 이사찬 벌교천에서 각각 18종, 19종, 15종 및 5종으로서 다년생은 17종, 일년생과 2년생은 13종이 출현하였다. 침수성 초종은 검정말 말즘, 물수세미, 부유성 초종은 개구리밥과 좀개구리밥, 추수성 초종은 갈대, 고마리, 미나리, 여뀌, 줄 등이 관찰되었다. 물가와 주변에서는 개구리자리, 개피, 달뿌리풀, 돌소리쟁이, 물억새, 미국가막사리, 바늘골, 방동사니대가리, 뱀딸기, 사마귀풀 삿갓사초 살갈퀴, 선피막이, 소리쟁이, 쇠방동사니, 여뀌바늘, 큰도꼬마리, 토끼풀, 환삼덩쿨, 황새냉이 등의 20종이 관찰되었으며 그 중 고마리, 소리쟁이, 환삼덩쿨은 하천의 모든 조사지점에 출현하였다.

Keywords

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