The Korean Journal of Mycology (한국균학회지)

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
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Mushrooms Utilized as Natural Breeding Sites by Wild Drosophilids on Jeju Island, Korea

야생초파리의 번식처로 이용되는 제주도산 버섯

  • Kim, Won-Taek (Department of Life Science, Cheju National University) ;
  • Oh, Duck-Chul (Department of Life Science, Cheju National University)
  • Published : 2003.12.30
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Abstract

Wild Mushrooms collected in Mt. Halla of Jeiu Island around altitude of $200{\sim}1000\;m$ from 1999 to 2000 were studied to investigate utilization as the natural breeding sites by wild drosophilids. Thirty-five mushroom species belonging to the 19 genera of 12 families from 2 orders were used as natural breeding sites by drosophilids. Adult flies emerged from 14 species of mushrooms belonging to the 11 genera of 8 families from 2 orders were identified. From the rest of 21 species of mushrooms, only larvae or/and pupae were reaped. Among 35 species of mushrooms, 34 species belonged to order Agaricales and only one species, Sarcodon scabrosum, belonged to order Aphyllophorales. In terms of composition of mushroom families, total 35 species belonging to 12 families were composed of 10 species of Russulaceae, 6 species of Amanitaceae, 4 species of each Tricholomataceae and Agaricaceae, 3 species of Boletaceae, 2 species of Strophariaceae and each one species of rest 6 families. Concerning the composition of the genus, 35 species belonging to 11 genera were composed of 8 species of Russula, 6 species of Amanita, 4 species of Agaricus, 2 species of Lactarius, and each one species of rest 7 genera. In terms of the mushroomsize preference of drosophilid flies for breeding sites, most flies preferred comparatively large mushrooms above 5 cm of pileus size in diameter, Fourteen species of drosophilids were identified as mushroom-breeding species. Among these, one and five species belonged to genera Mycodrosophila and Hirtodrosophila respectively, The genus Drosophila included the most abundant 8 species. Drosophila bizonata and Hirtodrosophila sexvittata bred on 6 species of mushrooms respectively, D. unispina bred on 3 species of mushrooms, rest species of Drosophila bred on one or two species of mushrooms. From the result of this study and other literatures, it could be presumed that much more mushroom species could serve as the natural breeding sites for greater number of drosophilid species than those examined in this study on Jeju Island.

1999년에서 2000년까지 해발 $200{\sim}1000m$에 이르는 제주도 한라산 일대에서 성숙한 야생버섯을 채취하여 야생초파리류가 번식처로 이용하는지의 여부를 조사하였다. 조사한 버섯 중에서 2목 12과 19속에 속하는 35종에서 초파리가 번식하였다. 이중 번식초파리가 동정된 버섯은 2목 8과 11개속에 속하는 14종이었다. 나머지 21종의 버섯에서는 초파리 유충(또는 번데기)만 발생하여 종이 확인되지 않았다. 35종 버섯중 34종은 주름버섯목(Agaricales)에 속하였고 노루털버섯(Sancodon scabrsoum) 1종만 민주름목(Aphylloprales)에 속하였다. 과 별 분포로는 35종 중 무당버섯과(Russulaceae)가 10종, 광대버섯과(Amanitaceae) 6종, 송이버섯과(Tricholomataceae)와 주름버섯과(Agaricaceae)가 각각 4종 그물버섯과(Boletaceae)가 3종 독청버섯과(Strophariaceae)가 2종 이었고 나머지 6과는 각 1종씩 이었다. 속 별로는 무당버섯속(Russula)이 8종, 광대버섯속(Amanita)이 6종, 주름버섯속(Agaricus)이 4종, 그리고 젖버섯속(Lactarius)의 2종순이었고 나머지 속은 각 1종씩 이었다. 버섯 크기별 초파리의 선호성은 갓의 지름이 5cm이상의 비교적 큰 버섯을 선호하였다. 버섯에서 번식하는 초파리는 총 14종이었고, 이중 버섯초파리속(Mycodrosophila)이 1종, 등초파리속(Hirtodrosophila) 이 5종, 그리고 초파리속(Drosophila)이 8종으로 가장 많았다. 두띠노랑초파리(Drosophila bizonata)와 여섯줄등초파리(Hirtodrosophilia sexvittata)는 6종의 버섯에서 번식하였고, 가시별초파리(D. unispina)가 3종, 기타 다른 초파리는 2종 흑은 1종의 버섯에서 번식하였다. 이번 조사의 결과와 여러 문헌을 종합해볼 때 이번에 밝혀진 것 보다 더 많은 종류의 버섯이 초파리와 번식적인 면에서 상관관계를 가질 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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