Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Effect of Roasting Condition on the Physicochemical Properties of Rice Flour and the Quality Characteristics of Tarakjuk

볶음조건에 따른 멥쌀가루의 이화학적 특성 및 타락죽의 품질특성

  • Lee, Gui-Chu (Department of Home Economics Education, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, So-Jung (Department of Home Economics Education, Korea University) ;
  • Koh, Bong-Kyung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University)
  • 이귀주 (고려대학교 가정교육과) ;
  • 김소정 (고려대학교 가정교육과) ;
  • 고봉경 (계명대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2003.10.01
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Abstract

The physicochemical properties of rice flour roasted at various temperatures and times were analyzed, and the quality characteristics of tarakjuk made from these roasted rice flours were investigated. As roasting temperature and time increased, rice flour showed decreasing moisture, protein content, and glucose the major reducing sugar of rice flour. Total amino acid content did not show any significant changes, but the amount of free amino acids and individual amino acids, such as lysine, tryptophane, and tyrosine, decreased. A decrease in L value and increases in a and b values from both roasted rice flour and tarakjuk was observed. Reduced crystallinity and gelatinization temperatures of roasted rice flour were investigated with X-ray diffractogram and DSC, respectively. The thermal transitions between $100.6{\sim}127.6^{\circ}C$ of tarakjuk by DSC are considered to be due to the melting of amylose-lipid complex. As the roasting temperature and time of rice flours increased, tarakjuk showed lower viscosity and higher spreadability. Sensory characteristics, such as nutty flavor, color intensity, and gritty texture increased significantly. Tarakjuk made from rice flour roasted at $185^{\circ}C$ for 25min showed the highest score on overall preference. From the above results, roasted rice flour produced more preferable tarakjuk than nonroasted flour in terms of sensory quality.

타락죽 제조 시 멥쌀가루를 볶는 과정의 중요성을 측정하기 위하여 볶음조건에 따른 멥쌀가루의 물리화학적 특성과 이로부터 제조한 타락죽의 품질특성을 연구한 결과는 다음과 같다. 멥쌀가루의 수분함량은 볶음온도와 시간이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 단백질함량은 볶음과정 중 감소하였으며 볶음처리를 한 시료들 간에는 $185^{\circ}C$에서 25분 볶은 멥쌀가루의 단백질함량이 유의적으로 가장 높았다. 멥쌀가루의 L값은 볶음온도와 시간이 증가함에 따라 감소하였고, a값과 b값은 증가하였다. 이들로부터 제조한 타락죽의 L값, a값, b값도 멥쌀가루와 같은 경향을 나타내었다. Glucose 함량은 볶음과정 중 일반적으로 감소하였으며, 총아미노산함량과 개별 필수 및 비필수아미노산 함량은 볶음과정 중 뚜렷한 변화를 나타내지 않았으나 lysine, tryptophan, tyrosine 함량은 감소하였다. 또한 볶음과정 중 총유리아미노산 함량은 감소하였다. 볶음처리는 멥쌀가루 전분의 결정성에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났는데, X선회절도에 의하여 대조구는 전형적인 A형의 결정 pattern을 나타내었으며 볶음온도와 시간이 증가함에 따라 peak의 크기와 강도가 감소하여 전분의 결정성은 감소하였다. 반면 타락죽의 X선회절도로부터 멥쌀가루 전분의 결정성이 완전히 상실되었음을 알 수 있었다. 볶음처리는 DSC에 의한 멥쌀가루 전분의 호화특성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났는데, 볶음온도와 시간이 증가함에 따라서 호화개시온도, 호화최대온도, 호화종결온도 및 호화엔탈피가 감소하였다. 또한 DSC측정에 의해 타락죽의 가열과정 중 아밀로즈와 우유속의 지방산과의 사이에 amylose-lipid 복합체를 형성한 것으로 생각된다. 점도계에 의한 타락죽의 점도는 볶음온도와 시간이 증가함에 따라서 감소하였으며 퍼짐성은 증가하였다. 한편 타락죽의 관능검사 결과 볶음온도와 시간이 증가함에 따라서 타락죽의 고소한 맛과 색깔 및 알갱이(gritty)를 느끼는 관능적 특성이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 점성은 $165^{\circ}C$에서 25분까지는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나 이후 감소하였다. 타락죽의 선호도는 $185^{\circ}C$에서 25분 볶은 멥쌀가루로 만든 타락죽이 유의적으로 가장 높게 나타났다.

Keywords

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