Mycobiology

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Biological Control of Some Serious Weeds in Dakahlia District. II. Mycoherbicial Production and Physiological Host Responses

  • Abdel-Fattah, Gamal M. (Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University)
  • Published : 2002.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Four pathogenic fungal isolates belonging to different genera including Alternaria, Fusarium and Curvularia were isolated from selected diseased weeds growing in the fields in Dakahalia district. The inoculum of these pathogenic fungi specific to weeds were cultured, standardized and formulated as alginate pellets containing mycelium plus culture filtrate. These mycoherbicides were evaluated for disease severity(DS). Maximum DS was obtained with the alginate pellets of mycelium filtrate Fusarium solani. Physiological changes of the treated weed were determined 5 aiid 10 days after treatments. As compared to the healthy weeds, all mycoherbicide formulations significantly decreased the amount of photosynthetic pigments and subsequently soluble and insoluble sugars in the infected weeds. The mycoherbicide formulation of F. solani had the greatest effect on lowering to the abovementioned amount in the leaves of Chenopodium murale. Generally, treatment of weed leaves with the specific mycoherbicide led to a highly significant increase in total phenol content when compared to the healthy control weed. C. murale infected with the mycoherbicide formulation of F. solani had higher levels of phenolic compounds than those other treated weeds particularly after 10 days of inoculation.

Keywords

References

  1. Abood, J. K. 1990. Metabolic studies of powdery infection of cucumber and its possible control by lithium chloride. Ph.D Thesis. University of Sheffield, England, pp. 39-46
  2. Alec, M. and De Clerck-Floate, R. 1999. Establishment and early effects of Omphalapion hookeri (Kirby) (Coleoptera: Apionidae) as a biological control agent for scentless chamomile, Matricaria perforata Merat (Asteraceae). Biological Control 14: 85-95 https://doi.org/10.1006/bcon.1998.0679
  3. Aldesuquy, H. S. and Baka, Z. A. 1992. Physiological and biochemical changes in host leaf tissues associated with the growth of two biotrophic fungi growing in Egypt. Phyton(Horn, Austria) 32: 129-142
  4. Arntzen, C. J. 1972. Inhibition of photophosphorylation by tentoxin, a cyclic tetrapeptide. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 283: 539-542 https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(72)90273-3
  5. Baka, Z. A. and Aldesuquy, H. S. 1992. Changes in ultrastructure and hormones of the fully sensecent leaf of Senecio aegyptius. Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 66: 271-281
  6. Bouda, H., Tapondiou, L. A., Fontem, D. A. and Gumedzoe, M. Y. 2001. Effect of essential oils from leaves of Ageratum conyzoides, Lantana camara and Chromolaena odorata on the mortality of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera). J. Stored Prod. Res. 37: 103-109 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(00)00011-4
  7. Carmichaet, J. W., Brycekendrick, W., Conners, I. L. and Sigler, L. (1980). Genera of Hyphomycetes. The University of Alberta Press Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
  8. Charudattan, R. 1986. Integrated control of waterhyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) with a pathogen, insects, and herbicides. Weed Sci. 43: 26-30
  9. Charudattan, R. 1991. The mycoherbicide approach with plant pathogens. Pp. 24-57. In: TeBeest, D. O. Eds. Microbial control of weeds. Chapman & Hall, NY
  10. Charudattan, R. Walker, H. L., Boyette, C. D., Ridings, W. H., TeBeest, D. O., Van Dyke, C. G. and Worsham, A. D. 1968. Evaluation of Alternaria cassiae as a mycoherbicide for sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) in regional field-tests. Southern Coop. Ser. Bull. 317. Alabama Agric. Exp. Sta., Auburn Univ., Alabama.
  11. Connick, W. J. Jr. 1979. Encapsulation of herbicides in alginate gels for aquatic weed control. Book of abstracts. Sixth Int. Symp. Controlled Release of Bioactive Material. Sect. III, pp.1-3, New Orleans, LA
  12. Cutter, V. M. 1951. The isolation of plant rusts upon artificial medium and some speculations on the metabolism of obligate plant parasites. Trans. NY. Acad. Sci. 14: 103-108 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2164-0947.1951.tb01068.x
  13. Daly, J. M., Bell, A. A. and Krupta, L. R. 1961. Respiratory changes during development of rust diseases. Phytopathol. 51: 461-491
  14. Daniel, J. T., Templeton, G. E., Smith, R. J. Jr. and Fox, W. T. 1973. Biological control of northern jointvetch in rice with an endemic fungal disease. Weed Sci. 21: 303-307
  15. Ellis, M. B. 1976. More Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes, Commonwealth Mycological Institute, England
  16. Flint, M. K. and Thomson, S. V. 2000. Seasonal infection of the weed dyers woad by a Puccinia sp. Rust used for biocontrol, and effects of temperature on basidiophore production. Plant Disease 84: 753-759
  17. Freeman, T. E. and Charudattan, R. 1984. Cercospora rodmanii Conway, a biocontrol agent of waterhyacinth. Florida Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 842. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
  18. Griffith, C. A. 1970. Persimmon Wilt Research. Annul report 1960-1970. Noble Foundation Agricultural Division. Ardmore, Oklahoma, 1970, 13pp.
  19. Kenney, P. E. 1991. DeVine-the way it was developed an industrialists view. Weed Sci. 34: 15-16
  20. Martyn, R. D., Samuelson, D. A. and Freeman, T. E. 1983. Phenol storing cells in waterhyacinth leaves. J. Aquat Plant Manage. 21: 49-53
  21. Matern, U. and Kneusel, R. E. 1988. Phenolic compounds in plant disease resistance. Phytoparasitica 16: 153-170 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980469
  22. Nag Raj, T. R. and Ponnappa, K. M. 1970. Blight of waterhyacinth caused by Alternaria eichhorniae sp. nov. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 55: 123-130 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(70)80103-6
  23. Nicholson, R. L. 1992. Phenolic compounds and their role in disease resistance. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 30: 369-389 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.30.090192.002101
  24. Parker, P. E. 1991. Nematode as biological control agents of weeds. Pp. 58-68. In: TeBeest, D. O. Ed. Microbial control of weeds. Champman & Hall, NY
  25. Phatak, S. C., Callaway, M. B. and Vavrina, C. S. 1987. Biological control and its integration in weed manggement systems for purple and yellow nutsedge(Cyperus rotundus and C. esculentus). Weed Technol. 1: 84-91
  26. Pemberton, R. W. and Strong, D. R. 2000. Safety data crucial for biological control insect agents. Science 8: 1896-1907
  27. Ribereau-Gayon, P.1972. Plant phenols. Haner Pub. Co., New York, pp. 15-19
  28. Robeson, D., Strobel, G., Matusumoto, G. K., Fisher, E. L., Chen, M. H. and Clardy, J. 1984. Alteichin: an unusual phytotoxin from Alternaria eichhorniae, a fungal pathogen of waterhyacinth. Experientia 40: 1248-1250 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01946657
  29. Shabana, Y. M. 1992. Biological control of waterhyacinth by using plant pathogens. Ph. D. Faculty of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt, pp. 40-90
  30. Shabana, Y. M., Baka, Z. A. and Abdel-Fattah, G. M. 1997. Alternaria eichhorniae, a biological control agent for waterhyacinth: Mycoherbicidal formulation and physiological and ultrastructural host responses. European J. Plant Pathology, 103: 99-111 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008698516850
  31. Shabana, Y. M., El-wakil, M. A. and Charudattan, R. 2001. Effect of nutrition and physical factors on mycelial growth and production of pigments and nonchromatic UV-absorbing compounds of Alternaria eichhorniae. J. Phytopathology 149: 21-27 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.2001.00564.x
  32. Singh, S. P. and Srivastava, S. K. 1983. Studies on phenolic inhibitors in Eichhornia crassipes. Acta Botanica Indica 11: 73-74
  33. Sonawane, P. D. and Ambekar, A. T. 1999. Weed control in rice (Oryza sativa)nursery. Indian Journal of Agronomy 44: 109-111
  34. Stewart, A. C., Chapman, B. R. and Frampton, M. C. 2000. Growth of alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. (Amaranthaceae)) and population development of Agasicles hygrophila Selman & Vogt (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in northern New Zealand. Plant Protection Quarterly 15: 95-101
  35. Supkoff, D. M., Joley, D. B. and marois, J. J. 1988. Effect of introduced biological control organisms on the density of Chondrilla Juncea in California. J. Appl. Ecol. 25: 1089-1095 https://doi.org/10.2307/2403768
  36. TeBeest, D. O. 1991. Microbial Control of Weeds (Book). Routledge, Chapman & Hall, Inc, New York, NY, pp. 154
  37. Trujillo, E. E., Aragaki, M. and Shoemaker, R. A. 1988. Infection, disease development, and axenic culture of Entyloma compositarum, the cause of Hamakua pamakani blight in Hawaii. Plant Dis. 72: 355-357 https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-72-0355
  38. Walker, H. L. and Riley, J. A. 1982. Evaluation of Alternaria cassiae for the biocontrol of sicklepod (Cassia obtussifolia). Weed Sci. 30: 651-654
  39. Welburn, A. R. and Lichtenthaler, H. 1984. Formulae and program to determine total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b of leaf extracts in different solvents. In: Advances in Photosynthesis research (ed. C. Sybesma), Vol. II- pp. 9-20