KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
권호 표지

Effect of Drought Stress on Carbohydrate Composition and Concentration in White Clover

  • Kim, Tae-Hwan (Department of Animal Science & Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Bok-Rye (Department of Animal Science & Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Jung, Woo-Jin (Department of Animal Science & Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Hyun (Department of Animal Science & Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Kil-Yong (Department of Biological & Environmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Chonnam National University)
  • Published : 2002.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

To investigate the changes in the composition and pool size of carbohydrates under drought stress, white clover (Triforium repens L.) were exposed to -0.04 Mpa(well-watered, control) or to -0.12 Mpa (drought-stressed) of soil water potential during 28 days. Dry weight of leaves in drought-stressed plants was remarkably decreased by 45% within 14 days and 74% within 28 days compared to those of the control. Glucose concentration in drought-stressed plants was increased, while that of control was slightly decreased or remained at same level throughout experimental period. Fructose and sucrose concentrations in leaves were not significantly changed for drought-stressed plants, but those of the control were significantly decreased on plant after 14 days. Fructose and sucrose concentrations in stolon of control plants were sharply decreased, while that of drought-stressed plants was less varied. Those concentrations in roots were generally increased in drought-stressed plants. The concentration of total soluble sugars at 28 day was 438.0 and 632.6 mg $g^{-l}$ dwt. in control and drought stressed plants, respectively. Starch concentration of stolon and roots of control plants was significantly increased to 2.0 and 1.4 times of initial level, respectively, whereas those of drought stressed plants was nearly same level or slightly decreased compared to initial level.l.

Keywords

References

  1. Bloem, J., P. C. De Ruiter, G. J. Koopman, G. Lebbink, and L.Brussaard. 1992. Microbial numbers and activity in dried andrewetted arable soil under integrated and conventional management. Soil Biol. Biochem. 24 : 655-665 https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(92)90044-X
  2. Bohnert, H. J., D. E. Nelson, and R. G. Jensen 1995. Adaptations to environmental stresses. Plant Cell. 7 : 1099-1111 https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.7.7.1099
  3. Boyer, J. S. 1982. Plant productivity and environment. Sci. 218 :443-448 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.218.4571.443
  4. Bray, E. A. 1997. Plant response to water deficit, Trends Plant Sci 2 : 48-54 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(97)82562-9
  5. Chaves, M. M. 1991. Effects of water deficits on carbon assimilation.J. Exp.Bot.42: 1-16 https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/42.1.1
  6. Cornic, G. 1994. Drought stress and high light effects on leaf photosynthesis. In: N.R.Baker, ed. Photoinhibition of photosynthesis : From Molecular Mechanisms to the Field. Oxford, UK:BI0S. pp.297-313
  7. Dancer, J., M. David, and M. Stitt. 1990. Water stress leads to a change of partitioning in favor of sucrose in heterotrophic cell suspension culture of Chenopodium rubrum. Plant Cell and Environ.13 : 957-963 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1990.tb01986.x
  8. Davis, J. S. and J. E. Gander. 1967. A re-evaluation of the Roe procedure for the determination of fructose. Anal. Biochem. 19 :72-79 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(67)90135-2
  9. D$\ddot{u}$ring, H. 1985. Osmotic adustment in grapevines. Acta Horticul. 171 : 315-322
  10. Frensch, J. 1997. Primary responses of root and leaf elongation towater deficits in the atmosphere and soil solution. J. Exp. Bot. 48 : 985-999
  11. Geigenberger, P, R. Reimholz, M. Geiger, L. Merlo, V. Canale, and M. Stitt. 1997. Regulation of sucrose and starch metabolism in potato tubers in response to short-term water deficit. Planta. 201 : 502-518 https://doi.org/10.1007/s004250050095
  12. Geigenberger, P., R. Reimholz, U. Deiting, U. Sonnewald, and M. Stitt. 1999. Decreased expression of sucrose phosphate synthase strongly inhibits the water stress-induced synthesis of sucrose in growing potato tubers. Plant J. 19(2): 119-129 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.1999.00506.x
  13. Gimenez, C., V. J. Mitchell, and D. W. Lawlor. 1992. Regulation of photosynthetic rate of two sunflower hybrids under water stress. Plant Physiol. 98 : 516-524 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.98.2.516
  14. Gunasekera, D. and G. A. Berkowitz. 1993. Use of transgenic plants with ribu1ose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase antisence DNA to evaluate the rate limitation of photosynthesis under water stress. Plant Physiol. 103 : 629-635 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.103.2.629
  15. Jupp, A. P. and E. I. Newman. 1987. Morphological and anatomical effects of severe drought on the roots of Lolium perenne L. New Phytol. 105:393-402 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1987.tb00876.x
  16. Kann, S. C., J. D. Everard, and W. H. Loescher. 1993. Growth, salt tolerance and mannitol accumulation in celery. HortSci. 28 :486
  17. Lucero, D. W., P. Grieu, and A. Guckert. 2000. Water deficit and plant competition effects on growth and water-use efficiency of white clover (Trifolium repens, L.) and ryegreass (Lolium perenne, L.). Plant and Soil. 227 : 1-15 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026560128042
  18. Meyer, R. F. and J. S. Boyer. 1981. Osmoregulation, solute distribution and growth in soybean seedlings having low water potentials. Planta. 151 : 482-489 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386543
  19. Moorby, J., R. Munns, and J. Walcott. 1975. Effect of water deficit on photosynthesis and tuber metabolism in potatoes. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 2 ..323-333 https://doi.org/10.1071/PP9750323
  20. Morgan, J. M. 1984. Osmoregulation and water stress in higher plants. Annu. Rev. PIant Physiot. 35 : 299-213 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.35.060184.001503
  21. Munns, R. and R. Weir. 1981. Contribution of sugars to osmoticadjustment in elongating and expanding zones of wheat leaves during moderate water deficits at two light levels. Aust. J. Plant Physiot. 8 : 93-105 https://doi.org/10.1071/PP9810093
  22. Nabors, M. W. 1990. Environmental stress resistance procedure and applications, in: J.D. Philip (Ed.), Plant Cell Line Selec-tion, VCH, Weinheim, pp. 167-185
  23. Peterson, C. A. 1987. The exodermal caspahan band of onion roots blocks the apoplastic movement of sulphate ions. J. Exp. Bot. 38: 2068-2081 https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/38.12.2068
  24. Premachandra, G. S., H. Saneoka, K. Fujita, and S. Ogata. 1992. Leaf water relations, osmotic adjustment, cell membrane stability, epicuticular wax load and growth as affected by increasing water deficits in sorghum. J. Exp. Bot. 43 : 1569-1576 https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/43.12.1569
  25. Quick, R, G. Siegl, H. E. Neuhaus, R. Fei, and M. Stitt. 1989. Short term water stress leads to a stimulation of sucrose synthesis by activating sucrose phosphate-synthase. Planta. 177 :536-546
  26. Rodrigues, M. L., M. M. Chaves, R. Wendler, M. M. David, W. P. Quick, R. C. Leegood, M. Stitt, and J. S. Pereira. 1993. Osmotic adjustment in water stressed grapevine leaves in relation to carbon assimilation. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 20 : 309-321 https://doi.org/10.1071/PP9930309
  27. Sacks, M. M., W. K. Silk, and P. Burman. 1997. Effect of water stress on cortical cell division rates within the apical meristem of primary roots of maize. Plant Physiol. 114 : 519-527 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.114.2.519
  28. Seiffert, S., J. Kaselowsky, A. Jungk, and N. Claassen. 1995. Observed and calculated potassium uptake by maize as affected by soil water content and bulk density. Agron. J. 87 :1070-1077 https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1995.00021962008700060007x
  29. Thomas, H. 1997. Drought resistance in plants, In: S. D. Amarjit, K. B. Ranjit (Eds.), Mechanisms of Environmental Stress Resistance in plants, Harwood. pp. 1-42
  30. Van Handel, E. 1968. Direct microdetermination of sucrose. Anal Biochem. 22 : 1341-1346
  31. Vassey, T. L. and T. D. Sharkey. 1989. Mild water stress of phaselous vulgaris plants leads to reduced starch synthesis and extractable sucrose phosphate synthase activity. Plant Physiol 89: 1066-1070 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.89.4.1066
  32. Volaire, F. 1995. Growth, carbohydrate reserves and drought survival strategies of contrasting Dactylis glomerata populations in a Mediterranean environment. J. Applied Ecol. 32 : 56-66 https://doi.org/10.2307/2404415
  33. Volaire, R, H. Thomas, N. Bertagne, E. Bourgeoils, M-F. Gautier, and F. Lelievre. 1998. Survival and recovery of perennial forage grasses under prolonged Mediterranean drought. II. Water status, solute accumulations, abscisic acid concentration and accumulation of dehydrin transcripts in bases of immature leaves. New Phytol. 140 : 451-460 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1998.00287.x
  34. Walwoth, J. L. 1992. Soil drying and rewetting, or freezing and thawing, affects soil solution composition. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 56: 433-437 https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600020015x
  35. Wang, Z. and G. W. Stutte. 1992. The role of carbohydrates in active osmotic adjustment in apple under water stress. J. Ame. Soci. Horticul. Sci. 117 : 816-823
  36. Wang, Z. B. Quebedeaux, and G. W. Stutte. 1995. Osmotic Adjustment: Effect of Water Stress on Carbohydrates in Leaves, Stems and Roots ofApple. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 22 : 747-754 https://doi.org/10.1071/PP9950747
  37. Wang, Z. B. Quebedeaux, and G. W. Stutte. 1995. Osmotic Adjustment: Effect of Water Stress on Carbohydrates in Leaves, Stems and Roots of Apple. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 22 : 747-754 https://doi.org/10.1071/PP9950747
  38. Watt, M., C. M. van der Weele, M. E. McCully, and M. J. Canny. 1996. Effects of local variations in soil moisture on hydrophobic deposits and dye diffusion in corn roots. Bot. Acta. 109 :492-501 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.1996.tb00602.x
  39. Zhang, B. and D. D. Archbold. 1993. Solute accumulation in leaves of a Fragaria chiloensis and a F. virginiana selection responds to water deficit stress. J. Ame. Soci. Horticul. Sci. 118 : 208-285
  40. Zrenner, R. and M. Stitt. 1991. Comparison of effect of rapidly and gradually developing water-stress on carbohydrate metabolism in spinach leaves. Plant Cell Environ. 14 : 939-946 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1991.tb00963.x