Coding of students′ thinking process in Polya′s stages of problem solving

Polya의 문제해결 각 단계에서 학생들이 보인 사고과정의 코드화

The purpose of this study is to analyze thinking process in problem solving and to get some teaching materials to improve students' problem solving abilities. For this study, 14 girl and boy students in highschool were tested with 7 testing questions. The whole process of students' problem solving was observed by using 'Thinking aloud', recorded by Audio Tape and finally drawn up to Protocol. On the basis of that Protocol, coding system was set up and characteristics of thinking process in each stage were analyzed. -In the stage of planning, successful problem solvers tried to check the properties of words included in problems(Pr) and made it clear that they were seeking(O) -In the stage of planning, students used abstraction strategy(Ab, making equation(E) or using variable(V)) appropriately could solve more difficult problems. Successful problem solvers turned used unsystematical trial into systematical method and were good at using partial objects, assistant factors. - In the stage of carring out the plan, successful problem solvers to reduce the error, check the purpose, used formula, knowledge and calculation. -In the looking back stage, successful problem solvers generalized the answer and checked the total process.