Pulmonary Valve Replacement with Tissue Valves After Pulmonary Outflow Tract Repair in Children

소아에서 폐동맥유출로 재건 후 시행한 조직판막을 이용한 폐동맥판 대치술

  • Lee, Jeong-Ryul (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute) ;
  • Hwang, Ho-Young (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute) ;
  • Chang, Ji-Min (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Cheul (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute) ;
  • Choi, Jae-Sung (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Jin (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute) ;
  • Rho, Joon-Ryang (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute) ;
  • Bae, Eun-Jung (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • 이정렬 (서울대학교병원 어린이병원 흉부외과, 서울대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실, 서울대학교병원 임상의학연구소) ;
  • 황호영 (서울대학교병원 어린이병원 흉부외과, 서울대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실, 서울대학교병원 임상의학연구소) ;
  • 장지민 (인제대학교 상계백병원 흉부외과) ;
  • 이철 (서울대학교병원 어린이병원 흉부외과, 서울대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실, 서울대학교병원 임상의학연구소) ;
  • 최재성 (서울대학교병원 어린이병원 흉부외과, 서울대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실, 서울대학교병원 임상의학연구소) ;
  • 김용진 (서울대학교병원 어린이병원 흉부외과, 서울대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실, 서울대학교병원 임상의학연구소) ;
  • 노준량 (서울대학교병원 어린이병원 흉부외과, 서울대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실, 서울대학교병원 임상의학연구소) ;
  • 배은정 (서울대학교병원 어린이병원 소아과, 서울대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Published : 2002.05.01

Abstract

Background: Most of pulmonary regurgitation with or without stenosis appears to be well tolerated early after the repair of pulmonary outflow tract. However, it may result in symptomatic right ventricular dilatation, dysfunction and arrhythmias over a long period of time. We studied the early outcome of pulmonary valve replacement with tissue valves for patients with the above clinical features. Material and Method: Sixteen consecutive patients who underwent pulmonary valve replacement from September 1999 to February 2002 were reviewed(9 males and 7 females). The initial diagnoses included tetralogy of Fallot(n=11), and other congenital heart anomalies with pulmonary outflow obstruction(n=5). Carpentier-Edwards PERIMOUNT Pericardial Bioprostheses and Hancock porcine valves were used. The posterior two thirds of the bioprosthetic rim was placed on the native pulmonary valve annulus and the anterior one third was covered with a bovine pericardial patch. Preoperative pulmonary regurgitation was greater than moderate degree in 13 patients. Three patients had severe pulmonary stenosis. Tricuspid regurgitation was present in 12 patients. Result: Follow-up was complete with a mean duration of 15.8 $\pm$ 8.5months. There was no operative mortality. Cardiothoracic ratio was decreased from 66.0 $\pm$ 6.5% to 57.6 $\pm$ 4.5%(n=16, p=0.001). All patients remained in NYHA class I at the most recent follow-up (n=16, p=0.016). Pulmonary regurgitation was mild or absent in all patients. Tricuspid regurgitation was less than trivial in all patients. Conclusion: In this study we demonstrated that early pulmonary valve replacement for the residual pulmonary regurgitation with or without right ventricular dysfunction was a reasonal option. This technique led to reduce the heart size, decrease pulmonary regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation as well as to improve the patients'functional status. However, a long term outcome should be cautiously investigated.

배경: 폐동맥유출로 재건 후의 폐동맥판막 폐쇄부전 또는 협착은 초기에는 증상을 일으키는 경우가 적지만 시간이 경과함에 따라 심한 증상을 동반하는 우심비대 및 우심부전, 부정맥 등을 초래할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이런 경우에 조직판막을 이용하여 폐동맥판 대치술을 시행한 16례의 환자에 대한 임상적 단기성적에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년 9월부터 2002년 2월 사이에 폐동맥판 대치술을 시행한 16명의 환자를 대상으로 하였고(남아 9명, 여아 7명), 진단은 팔로씨사징(n=11)과 그 외 폐동맥유출로 협착을 동반한 선천성 심기형(n=5)이었다. 판막은 Carpentier-Edwards PERIMOUNT Pericardial BioprOSTHESES와 Hancock porcine valves를 사용하였는데 조직판막 외륜의 후방 3분의 2를 환자의 폐동맥판륜 위치에 삽입하고 전방 3분의 1을 우심낭 첩포로 덮었다. 술전 13명에서 중등도 이상의 폐동맥판막 폐쇄부전이 존재하였고 3명에서는 중증 폐동맥판막 협착이 있었다. 12명에서는 삼첨판막 폐쇄부전이 존재하였다. 결과: 추적관찰은 모든 환아에서 이루어졌으며 추적관찰기간은 15.8$\pm$8.5개월이었다. 수술 관련 사망은 없었다. 술후 심흉곽비는 66.0 $\pm$ 6.5%에서 57.3 $\pm$ 4.5%로 감소하였고(n=16, p=0.001), 가장 최근 추적관찰에서 NYHA 기능분류는 전례에서 I 등급이었다(n=16, p=0.06). 술후 폐동맥판막 폐쇄부전은 모두에서 경도이하로만 남았고, 삼첨판막 폐쇄부전은 미세이하로만 남았다. 결론: 본 연구에서 우심부전을 동반하거나 혹은 그렇지 않은 경우도 잔존 폐동맥판막 폐쇄부전 또는 협착에 대해 조기에 조직판막 대치술을 시행하는 것이 심비대의 감소와 폐동맥판막 및 삼첨판막 폐쇄부전의 호전, 임상증상의 호전을 보였다는 점에서 적어도 단기 관찰 소견상 적절함을 보였다. 그러나 향후 장기 추적관찰 결과는 주의깊게 살펴보아야 할 것으로 사료되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. N Engl J Med v.329 Long-term outcome in patients undergoing surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot Murphy JG;Gersh BJ;Mair DD(et al.) https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199308263290901
  2. Circulation v.65 Late survival and symptoms after repair of tetralogy of Fallot Katz NM;Blackstone EH;Kirklin JW(et al.) https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.65.2.403
  3. Ann Surg v.204 The first open-heart correction of tetralogy of Fallot: a 26-31 year follow-up of 106 patients Lillehei CW;Warden HE;DeWall RA(et al.) https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-198610000-00017
  4. Am J.Cardiol v.46 Long-term evaluation(12 to 22 years) Fuster V;McGoon DC;Kennedy MA(et al.) https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(80)90514-7
  5. J.Thorac Cardiovasc Surg v.118 Reoperation in adults with repair of tetralogy of Fallot: indications and outcomes Oechslin EN;Harrision DA;Harris L;(et al.) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5223(99)70214-X
  6. J.Thorac Cardiovasc Surg v.85 The influence of pulmonary insufficiency on ventricular function following repair of tetralogy of Fallot Bove EL;Byrum CJ;Thomas FD(et al.)
  7. Circulation v.54 Sudden death among postoperative patients with tetralogy of Fallot Quattlebaum TB;Varghese J;Neill CA(et al.) https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.54.2.289
  8. J Am Coll Cardiol v.4 Analysis of adults with and without complex ventricular arrhythmias after repair of tetralogy of Fallot Burns RJ;Liu PP;Druck MN(et al) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(84)80206-5
  9. Circulation v.92 Mechanoelectrical interaction in tetralogy of Fallot: QRS prolongation relates to right ventricular size and predicts malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death Gatzoulis MA;Till JA;Somerville J(et al.)
  10. Circulation v.90 no.Suppl.Ⅱ Life-threatening arrhythmias and RV dysfunction after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot: comparison between transventricular and transatrial approaches Dietl CA;Cazzaniga ME;Dubner SJ(et al.)
  11. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg v.121 Late pulmonary valve replacement after repair of tetralogy of Fallot Discigil B;Dearani JA;Puga FJ(et al.) https://doi.org/10.1067/mtc.2001.111209
  12. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg v.19 Pulmonary valve insertion late after repair of Fallot's tetralogy Hazekamp MG;Kurvers MMJ;Schoof PH(et al.) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1010-7940(01)00656-X
  13. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg v.117 Cryopreserved homograft valves in the pulmonary position: risk analysis for intermediate-term failure Niwaya K;Knott-Craig CJ;Lane MM;Chandrasekaren K;Overholt ED;Elkins RC https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5223(99)70479-4
  14. J.Thorac Cardiovasc Surg v.112 Factors in the early failure of cryopreserved homograft pulmonary valves in children: preserved immunogenecity Baskett RJ;Ross DB;Nanton MA;Murphy DA https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5223(96)70130-7
  15. Ann Thorac Surg v.65 Pulmonary valve replacement : A role for mechanical prostheses? (letter) Rosti L;Murzzi B;Colli AM;Festa P;Redalli S;Frigola A https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01401-X
  16. J.Thorac Cardiovasc Surg v.115 Mechanical valves in the pulmonary position: a reappraisal Rosti L;Murzi B;Colli AM(et al.) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70407-6
  17. J.Thorac Cardiovasc Surg v.120 Independent factors associated with longevity of prosthetic pulmonary valves and valved conduits Caldarone CA;McCrindle BW;Van Arsdell GS(et al.) https://doi.org/10.1067/mtc.2000.110684