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Persistence and Dislodgeable Residues of Chlorpyrifos and Procymidone in Lettuce Leaves under Greenhouse Condition

상추의 생산단계별 Chlorpyrifos 및 Procymidone의 잔류허용기준 설정

  • Kim, Young-Sook (Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Park, Ju-Hwang (Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Park, Jong-Woo (Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Young-Deuk (Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Daegu University) ;
  • Lee, Kyu-Seung (Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Jang-Eok (Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyungpook National University)
  • Published : 2002.06.30

Abstract

Two pesticides commonly used for lettuce cultivation including chlorpyrifos and procymidone were subjected to a field residue trial to ensure safety of terminal residues in the harvest. After pesticides were applied at standard and double rates in a foliar spray, leaf persistence of their residues was investigated far 10 days prior to harvest. Even though far exceeded the tolerances, initial leaf residues were rapidly dissipated with time and remained only 0.4$\sim$7.2% of the residues in the harvest. As well fitted by the first-order kinetics, biological half-lives of the pesticide residues in lettuce leaves ranged 1.2$\sim$2.6 days. Slow dissipation of the residues in the harvest was observed during storage at room temperature and 4$^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Portions of dislodgeable residues which resided in detergent washings decreased as time elapsed. Patterns in dissipation and distribution of dislodgeable residues were not largely affected by the application rate of pesticides. It is concluded that timing of pesticide application, that is, pre-harvest interval would be the first factor to determine the terminal residue level in edible portions of lettuce.

상추의 생산단계에서의 잔류허용기준 설정과 최종 소비단계에서의 안전성 평가자료로 활용하기 위하여 지금까지 상추수확물에서의 잔류수준과 검출빈도가 높은 것으로 알려진 살충제 chlorpyrifos 및 살균제 procymidone의 포장상태에서의 생물학적 반감기, 보관상태에 따른 잔류량 변화 그리고 세척형태에 따른 제거율을 조사하였다. 시설재배포장에서 상추중두 약제의 살포농도별 생물학적 반감기를 측정한 결과 기준량 살포의 경우 chlorpyrifos 1.2일 및 procymidone 1.3일 배량살포의 경우에는 chlorpyrifos 1.5일 및 procymidone 2.6일로 나타났다. 유통과정중에서 일어날 수 있는 두 가지 농약의 잔류량 변화를 알아보기 위해서 실온(20$^{\circ}C$) 및 냉장(4$^{\circ}C$) 상태로 보관하면서 두 약제의 잔류량 변화를 조사한 결과 반감기는 실온저장시 chlorpyrifos 3.8일, procymidone 20.9일이었고, 냉장저장시에는 chlorpyrifos 12.4일 procymidone 20.9일로 나타나 두 약제 모두 실온저장보다 냉장저장시 잔류량의 감소가 훨씬 느린 것으로 나타났다. 세척방법에 의한 잔류농약의 감소량을 조사한 결과 세제 사용시의 평균 제거율은 chlorpyrifos 48.3%, procymidone 52.6%로 나타났고, 물 사용 시에는 chlorpyrifos 31.3%, procymidone 38.1%로 나타났다.

Keywords

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