DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Nutritional Modulation of Resistance and Resilience to Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection - A Review

  • Walkden-Brown, Stephen W. (Animal Science, School of Rural Science and Agriculture, University of New England Armidale) ;
  • Kahn, Lewis P. (Animal Science, School of Rural Science and Agriculture, University of New England Armidale)
  • 발행 : 2002.06.01

초록

Disease susceptibility is linked to nutritional status for a wide range of human and animal diseases. Nutritional status can influence both resistance (ability to resist the pathogen) and resilience (ability to tolerate or ameliorate the effects of the pathogen). This review focuses on the nutritional modulation of gastro-intestinal nematode infection in domestic ruminants, primarily sheep. It highlights the duality of the adverse consequences of infection on host nutritional status and the adverse consequences of poor host nutritional status on resistance to infection. Central to both phenomena is the complex, gut-based immune response to gastrointestinal nematode infection. The potential for strategic nutritional supplementation to enhance host resistance and resilience is reviewed together with recent findings on responses to increased ME supply, and long term effects on host immunity of short term protein supplementation.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Balic, A., V. M. Bowles and E. N. Meeusen. 2000. The immunobiology of gastrointestinal nematode infections in ruminants. Adv. Parasitol. 45:181-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-308X(00)45005-0
  2. Bang, K. S., A. S. Familton and A. R. Sykes. 1990. Effect of copper oxide wire particle treatment on establishment of major gastrointestinal nematodes in lambs. Res. Vet. Sci. 49:132.
  3. Barger, I. A., K. C. Bremner and P. J. Waller. 1983. Factors influencing worm populations in cattle. In: The Epidemiology and Control of Gastro-Intestinal Parasites of Cattle in Australia, p. 90. (Ed. N. Anderson, N. and P. J. Waller). CSIRO, Canberra. pp. 35-45.
  4. Barnes, E. H. and R. J. Dobson. 1990. Population dynamics of Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep: mathematical model of worm fecundity. Int. J. Parasitol. 20:375-380. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(90)90154-F
  5. Beisel, W. R. 1996. Nutrition and immune function: Overview. J. Nutr. 126:2611S-2615S.
  6. Bermingham, E. N., W. C. McNabb, G. W. Reynolds, G. C. Waghorn, I. A. Sutherland, D. K. Revell and N. C. Roy. 2000. Whole-body irreversible loss rate of cysteine and valine in sheep with or without a Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 13:Supplement Vol C, 196-199.
  7. Bain, 1999. Irradiated larvae for helminth control in livestock Int. J. Parasitol. 29:185-191.
  8. Bown, M. D., D. P. Poppi and A. R. Sykes. 1991. The effect of post-ruminal infusion of protein or energy on the pathophysiology of Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection and body composition in lambs. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 42:253-267. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9910253
  9. Brunsdon, R. V. 1970. The spring-rise phenomenon: seasonal changes in the worm burdens of breeding ewes and in the availability of pasture infection. N. Z. Vet. J. 18:47-54. https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.1970.33861
  10. Chandra, R. K. 1996. Nutrition, immunity and infection: from basic knowledge of dietary manipulation of immune responses to practical application of ameliorating suffering and improving survival. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 10:14304-14307. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.25.14304
  11. Connan, R. M. 1976. Effect of lactation on the immune response to gastrointestinal nematodes. Vet. Rec. 99:476-477. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.99.24.476
  12. Coop, R. L. and P. H. Holmes. 1996. Nutrition and parasite interaction. Int. J. Parasitol. 26:951-962. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(96)80070-1
  13. Coop, R. L. and I. Kyriazakis. 1999. Nutrition-parasite interaction. Vet. Parasitol. 84:187-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4017(99)00070-9
  14. Coyne, M. J. and G. Smith. 1992. The mortality and fecundity of Haemonchus contortus in parasite-naive and parasite-exposed sheep following single experimental infections. Int. J. Parasitol. 22:315-325 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(05)80009-8
  15. Datta, F. U., J. V. Nolan, J. B. Rowe and G. D. Gray. 1998. Protein supplementation improves the performance of parasitised sheep fed a straw-based diet. Int. J. Parasitol. 28:1269-1278. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(98)00104-0
  16. Datta, F. U., J. V. Nolan, J. B. Rowe, G. D. Gray and B. J. Crook. 1999. Long-term effects of short-term provision of proteinenriched diets on resistance to nematode infection, and liveweight gain and wool growth in sheep. Int. J. Parasitol. 29:479-488. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(98)00209-4
  17. Dendurli, S. and R. K. Chandra. 1998. Nutrition and immunity. In: Immune Modulating Agents (Ed. T. F. Kresina) Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York. pp. 255-266.
  18. Dineen, J. K. 1978. The nature and role of immunological control in gastrointestinal helminthiasis. In: The Epidemiology and Control of Gastrointestinal Parasites of Sheep in Australia (Ed. A. D. Donald, W. H. Southcott and J. K. Dineen) CSIRO, Melbourne. pp. 121-135.
  19. Dobson, R. J., E. H. Barnes and R. G. Windon. 1992. Population dynamics of Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Ostertagia circumcincta in single and concurrent infections. Int. J. Parasitol. 22:997-1004. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(92)90059-T
  20. Dobson, R. J., P. J. Waller and A. D. Donald. 1990a. Population dynamics of Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep: the effect of infection rate on the establishment of infective larvae and parasite fecundity. Int. J. Parasitol. 20:347-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(90)90150-L
  21. Dobson, R. J., P. J. Waller and A. D. Donald. 1990b. Population dynamics of Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep: the effect of infection rate on loss of adult parasites. Int. J. Parasitol. 20:359-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(90)90152-D
  22. Donaldson, J., M. F. J. van Houttert and A. R. Sykes. 1998. The effect of nutrition on the periparturient status of mature ewes. Anim. Sci. 67:523-533. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800032951
  23. Douch, P. G., R. S. Green, C. A. Morris, J. C. McEewan and R. G. Windon. 1996. Phenotypic markers for selection of nematoderesistant sheep. Int. J. Parasitol. 26:899-911. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(96)80062-2
  24. Douch, P. G., R. S. Green, C. A. Morris, J. C. McEewan and R. G. Windon. 1996. Phenotypic markers for selection of nematoderesistant sheep. Int. J. Parasitol. 26:899-911. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(96)80062-2
  25. Dynes, R. A., D. P. Poppi, G. K. Barrell and A. R. Sykes. 1998. Elevation of feed intake in parasite-infected lambs by central administration of a cholecystokinin receptor antagonist. Br. J. Nutr. 79:47-54. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19980008
  26. Egan, A. R. and D. J. Walker. 1975. In: Proceedings of the Third World Conference on Animal Production (Ed. R. L. Reid). Sydney University Press, Sydney. p. 551.
  27. Emery, D. L., S. J. McClure, R. J. Davey and T. Bendixsen. 1999. Induction of protective immunity to Trichostrongylus colubriformis in neonatal merino lambs. Int. J. Parasitol. 29: 1037-1046. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(99)00036-3
  28. Fox, M. T. 1997. Pathophysiology of infection with gastrointestinal nematodes in domestic ruminants: recent developments. Vet. Parasitol. 72:285-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4017(97)00102-7
  29. Freer, M., A. D. Moore and J. R. Donnelly. 1997. GRAZPLAN: Decision support systems for Australian grazing enterprises – II. The animal biology model for feed intake, production and reproduction and the GrazFeed DSS. Agric. Systems 54:77-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(96)00045-5
  30. Gershwin, E. M., R. S. Beach and L. S. Hurley. 1985. Nutrition and immunity. Academic Press, Inc., Orlando.
  31. Gibbs, H. C. and I. A. Barger. 1986. Haemonchus contortus and other Trichostrongylid infections in parturient, lactating and dry ewes. Vet. Parasitol. 22:57-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(86)90007-5
  32. Gill, H. S. 1991. Genetic control of acquired resistance to haemonchosis in Merino lambs. Parasite Immunol. 13:617-628. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00557.x
  33. Gregg, P., J. K. Dineen, T. L. W. Rothwell and J. D. Kelly. 1978. The effect of age on the response of sheep to vaccination with irradiated Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae Vet. Parasitol. 4:35-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(78)90034-1
  34. Holmes, P. H. 1987. Pathophysiology of nematode infections. Int. J. Parasitol. 17:443-451. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(87)90120-2
  35. Houdijk, J. G. M., J. F. Huntley, A. MacKellar, I. Kyriazakis, F. Jackson and R. L. Coop. 2001. Body protein affects expression of immunity to nematodes in ewes. In: Abstracts Handbook of the 18th International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Vet. Parasitol., Stresa, Italy, 26-30 August 2001. (Abstract C5)
  36. Hutchings, M. R., I. Kyriazakis, I. J. Gordon and F. Jackson. 1999. Trade offs between nutrient intake and faecal avoidance in herbivore foraging decisions: the effect of animal parasite status, level of feeding motivation and sward nitrogen content. J. Anim. Ecol. 68:310-323. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.1999.00287.x
  37. Jackson, F., E. Jackson and J. T. Williams. 1988. Susceptibility of the pre-parturient ewe to infection with Trichostrongylus vitrinus and Ostertagia circumcincta. Res. Vet. Sci. 45:213-218.
  38. Jackson, F., H. R. P. Miller, G. J. F. Newlands, S. E. Wright and L. A. Hay. 1988. Immune exclusion of Haemonchus contortus larvae in sheep: dose dependancy, steroid sensitivity and persistence of the response. Res. Vet. Sci. 44:320-323.
  39. Jeffcoate, I. A., G. Fishwick, K. Bairden, J. Armour and P.H. Holmes. 1992. Pathophysiology of the periparturient egg rise in sheep: a possible role for IgA. Res. Vet. Sci. 53:212-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-5288(92)90112-F
  40. Kahn, L. P., M. R. Knox and G. D. Gray. 1999. Enhancing immunity to nematode parasites in pregnant and lactating sheep through nutrition and genetic selection. Rec. Adv. Anim. Nutr. Aust. 12:15-22.
  41. Kahn, L. P., M. R. Knox, S. W. Walkden-Brown and J. M. Lea. 2001. Enhancing life-long resistance to nematode parasites: possibilities for nutritional supplementation of recently weaned sheep. Rec. Adv. Anim. Nutr. Aust. 13:87-95.
  42. Kahn, L. P., S. W. Walkden-Brown and J. M. Lea. 2000a. Dietary enhancement of resistance to Trichostrongylus colubriformis in Merino weaners. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 13:Supplement July 2000 B, 67-71.
  43. Kahn, L. P., I. Kyriazakis, F. Jackson and R. L. Coop. 2000b. Temporal effects of protein nutrition on the growth and immunity of lambs infected with Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Int. J. Parasitol. 30:193-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(99)00192-7
  44. Kaidong Deng, K., M. R. Knox, C. W. Wong and J. V. Nolan 2001. Long term effect of dietary protein supplementation on resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infections and production in young grazing Merino ewes. Rec. Adv. Anim. Nutr. Aust. 13:24A.
  45. Kimambo, A. E., J. C. MacRae, A. Walker, C. F. Watt and R. L. Coop. 1988. Effect of prolonged subclinical infection with Trichostrongylus colubriformis on the performance and nitrogen metabolism of growing lambs. Vet. Parasitol. 28:91-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(88)90107-0
  46. Kubena, K. S. and D. N. McMurray. 1996. Nutrition and the immune system: A review of nutrient-nutrient interactions. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 96:1156-1164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(96)00297-0
  47. Kyriazakis, I., J. D. Oldham, R. F. Coop and F. Jackson. 1994. The effect of subclinical intestinal nematode infection on the diet selection of growing sheep. Br. J. Nutr. 72:665-677. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19940070
  48. Le Jambre, L. and W. Royal. 1976. A comparison of worm burdens in grazing Merino sheep and Angora goats. Aust. Vet. J. 52:181-183. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1976.tb09467.x
  49. Lloyd, S. 1983. Effect of pregnancy and lactation upon lactation. Vet. Immunol. Immunopath.. 4:153-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-2427(83)90057-0
  50. Lobley, G. E., V. Milne, J. M. Lovie, P. J. Reeds and K. Pennie. 1980. Whole body and tissue protein synthesis in cattle. Br. J. Nutr. 54:681-694. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19850154
  51. MacRae, J. C. 1993. Metabolic consequences of intestinal parasitism. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 52:121-130. https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS19930044
  52. MacRae, J. C., J. S. Smith, G. A. M. Sharman, W. Corrigall and R. L. Coop. 1982. Energy metabolism of lambs infected with Trichostrongylus colubriformis. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals (Ed. A. Ekern and F. Stundsol). European Association of Animal Production Publication No. 29, Aas, Norway. pp. 112-115.
  53. McLeod, R. S. 1995. Costs of major parasites to the Australian livestock industries. Int. J. Parasitol. 25:1363-1367. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(95)00071-9
  54. McLure, S. J., D. L. Emery and J. W. Steel. 2000. Host resistance to gastrointestinal parasites of sheep. In Ruminant Physiology: Digestion, Metabolism, Growth and Reproduction (Ed. P. B. Cronje). CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. pp. 425-436.
  55. Meeusen, E. N. T. 1999. Immunology of helminth infections, with special reference to immunopathology Vet. Parasitol. 84:259-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4017(99)00038-2
  56. Miller, H. R. P. 1987. Gastrointestinal mucus, a medium for survival and for elimination of parasitic nematodes and protozoa. Parasitol. 94:S77-S100. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000085838
  57. Miller, H. R. P., F. Jackson, G. Newlands and W. T. Appleyard. 1983. Immune exclusion, a mechanism of protection against the ovine nematode Haemonchus contortus. Res. Vet. Sci. 35:357-363.
  58. Nolan, J. V. 1999. Management of parasitic disease in livestock – can resistance be programmed by dietary manipulation. Rec. Adv. Anim. Nutr. Aust. 12:7-14.
  59. O'Sullivan, B. M. and A. D. Donald. 1970. A field study of nematode parasite populations in the lactating ewe. Parasitol. 61:301-315. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000041135
  60. O'Sullivan, B. M. and A. D. Donald. 1973. Responses to infection with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in ewes of different reproductive status. Int. J. Parasitol. 3:521-530. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(73)90049-0
  61. Palmer, J. M. and B. Greenwood-Van Meerveld. 2001. Integrative neuroimmunomodulation of gastrointestinal function during enteric parasitism. J. Parasitol. 87:483-504.
  62. Parkins, J. J. and P. H. Holmes. 1989. Effects of gastrointestinal helminth parasites on ruminant nutrition. Nutr. Res. Rev. 2:227-246. https://doi.org/10.1079/NRR19890016
  63. Poppi, D. P., J. C. MacRae, A. Brewer and R. L. Coop. 1986. Nitrogen transactions in the digestive tract of lambs exposed to the intestinal parasite, Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Br. J. Nutr. 55:593-602. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19860064
  64. Poppi, D. P., A. R. Sykes and R. A. Dynes. 1990. The effect of endoparasitism on host nutrition - the implications for nutrient manipulation. Proc. N. Z. Soc. Anim. Prod. 50:237-243.
  65. Riffkin, G. C. and C. Dobson. 1979. Predicting resistance of sheep to Haemonchus contortus infections. Vet. Parasitol. 5:365-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(79)90027-X
  66. Rothwell, T. L. W. 1989. Immune expulsion of parasitic nematodes from the alimentary tract Int. J. Parasitol. 19:139-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(89)90003-9
  67. Rowe, J. B., J. V. Nolan, G. de Chaneet, E. Teleni and P. H. Holmes. 1988. The effect of haemonchosis and blood loss into the abomasum on digestion in sheep. Br. J. Nutr. 59:125-139. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19880016
  68. Scrimshaw, N. S., C. E. Taylor and J. E. Gordon. 1959. Interactions of nutrition and infection. Am. J. Med. Sci. 237:367-377. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000441-195903000-00012
  69. Stear, M. J., S. Strain and S. C. Bishop. 1999. Mechanisms underlying resistance to nematode infection Int. J. Parasitol. 29:51-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(98)00179-9
  70. Steel, J. W. 1974. Pathophysiology of gastrointestinal nematode infections in the ruminant. Proc. Aust. Soc. Anim. Prod. 10:139-147.
  71. Steel, J. W. 1978. Inter-relationships between gastro-intestinal helminth infection, nutrition and impaired productivity in the ruminant. Rec. Adv. Anim. Nutr. Aust. 2:98-109.
  72. Sykes, A. R. 1983. Effects of parasitism on metabolism in the sheep. In: Sheep Production (Ed. W. Haresign). Butterworths, London. pp. 317-334.
  73. Sykes, A. R. 2000. Environmental effects on animal production: the nutritional demands of nematode parasite exposure in sheep Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 13:Supplement July 2000 A, 343-350.
  74. Sykes, A. R. and R. L. Coop. 1976. Chronic parasitism and animal efficiency. Agric. Res. Council Res. Review 3:41-46.
  75. Symons, L. E. A. and W. O. Jones. 1975. Skeletal muscle, liver and wool protein synthesis by sheep infected by the nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 26:1063-1072.
  76. Symons, L. E. A. and J. W. Steel. 1978. Pathogenesis of the loss of production in gastrointestinal parasitism. In: The Epidemiology and Control of Gastrointestinal Parasites of Sheep in Australia. (Ed. A. D. Donald, W. H. Southcott and J. K. Dineen). CSIRO, Melbourne. pp. 9-23.
  77. Tizard, I. 1992. An Introduction to Veterinary Immunology, 4th Edn. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
  78. Van-Houtert, M. F., I. A. Barger, J. W. Steel, R. G. Windon and D. L. Emery. 1995. Effects of dietary protein intake on responses of young sheep to infection with Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Vet. Parasitol. 56:163-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(94)00668-3
  79. Van-Houtert, M. F. and A. R. Sykes. 1996. Implications of nutrition for the ability of ruminants to withstand gastrointestinal nematode infections. Int. J. Parasitol. 26:1151-1167. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(96)00120-8
  80. Walkden-Brown, S. W. and D. J. Banks. 1986. Integrated small ruminant and cropping systems in Fiji, with health as a major constraint. Proceedings of a workshop on small ruminant production systems in South and South East Asia, Bogor, Indonesia, 6-10/10/86. (Ed. C. Devendra). International Research and Development Centre, Ottowa, Canada. pp. 289-310.
  81. Wakelin, 1984. Immunity to parasites. E. Arnold, London.
  82. Ward, J. L., R. R. Woolaston and R. L. Elwin. 1999. How early is disease resistance to nematode parasites expressed in Merino lambs bred for resistance to Haemonchus contortus? Proc. Assoc. Advmt. Anim. Breed. Genet. 13:516-519.
  83. Watson, R. R. 1984. Nutritional stresses and altered development of immune responses: Enhancement of longevity disease resistance and tumour defences. In: Nutrition, Disease Resistance and Immune Function (Ed. R. R. Watson). Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York. pp. 373-384.
  84. Whitlock, J. H., H. P. Callaway and Q. E. Jeppesen. 1943. The relationship of diet to the development of haemonchosis in sheep. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 102:34-35.
  85. Wilson, W. D. and A. C. Field. 1983. Absorption and secretion of calcium and phosphorous in the alimentary tract of lambs infected with daily doses of Trichostrongylus colubriformis or Ostertagia circumcincta larvae. J. Comp. Path. 93:61-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9975(83)90043-9
  86. Yu, F., L. A. Bruce, A. G. Calder, E. Milne, R. L. Coop, F. Jackson, G. W. Horgan and J. C. MacRae. 2000. Subclinical infection with the nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis increases gastrointestinal tract leucine metabolism and reduces availability of leucine for other tissues. J. Anim. Sci. 78:380-390.
  87. Zeng, S., D. E. B. Lawton, S. M. C. Przemeck, D. C. Simcock and H. V. Simpson. 2001. Reduced Ostertagia circumcincta burdens in milk-fed lambs. N. Z. Vet. J. 49:2-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2001.36194

피인용 문헌

  1. Rumen protected protein and fat produced from oilseeds and/or meals by formaldehyde treatment; their role in ruminant production and product quality: a review vol.45, pp.10, 2005, https://doi.org/10.1071/EA04131
  2. The nutritional status affects the complete blood count of goats experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus vol.13, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-017-1248-4
  3. Social living simultaneously increases infection risk and decreases the cost of infection vol.285, pp.1892, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2142
  4. Supplementation with rumen-protected proteins induces resistance to Haemonchus contortus in goats vol.9, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37800-3
  5. Effect of Forage Feeding on Goat Meat Production: Carcass Characteristics and Composition of Creole Kids Reared Either at Pasture or Indoors in the Humid Tropics vol.22, pp.8, 2002, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2009.80593
  6. Role of host and environment in mediating reduced gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep due to intensive rotational grazing vol.184, pp.2, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.08.027
  7. Maternal supplementation of twin bearing ewes with calcium and magnesium alters immune status and weight gain of their lambs vol.9, pp.None, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2020.100097
  8. Metabolizable energy balance in hair sheep lambs artificially infected with Haemonchus contortus vol.300, pp.None, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109620