Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Partial Replacement of Green Grass by Urea Treated Rice Straw in Winter on Milk Production of Crossbred Lactating Cows

  • Sanh, M.V. (National Institute of Animal Husbandry) ;
  • Wiktorsson, H. (National Institute of Animal Husbandry) ;
  • Ly, L.V. (National Institute of Animal Husbandry)
  • Received : 2001.07.30
  • Accepted : 2001.11.14
  • Published : 2002.04.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Fresh elephant grass was replaced by urea treated rice straw (UTRS) to evaluate the effects on milk production of crossed lactating cows. A total of 16 crossbred F1 cows (Holstein Friesian ${\times}$ Vietnamese Local Yellow), with a body weight of about 400 kg and lactation number from three to five, were used in the experiment. The experimental cows were blocked according to the milk yield of the previous eight weeks and divided into 4 homogenous groups. The experiment was conducted with a Latin Square design with 4 treatments and 4 periods. Each period was 4 weeks, with 2 weeks of feed adaptation and 2 weeks for data collection. The ratio of concentrate to roughage in the ration was 50:50. All cows were given constant amounts of elephant grass dry matter (DM), with ratios of 100% grass without UTRS (control treatment 100G), and 75% grass (75G), 50% grass (50G) and 25% grass (25G) with ad libitum UTRS. Daily total DM intake on 100G, 75G, 50G and 25G was 12.04, 12.31, 12.32 and 11.85 kg, and the daily ME intake was 121.6, 121.5, 119.4 and 114.3 MJ, respectively. The daily CP intake was similar for all treatments (1.85-1.91 kg). There was a difference (p<0.05) in daily milk yield between the 25G and the 100G and 75G (11.7 vs. 12.6 and 12.5 kg, respectively). Milk protein concentration was similar for all treatments, while a tendency to increased milk fat concentration following the increase of UTRS ratio was observed. The cows gained 4-5 kg body weight per month and showed first oestrus 3-4 months after calving. The overall feed conversion for milk production was not affected by ratio of UTRS in the ration. It is concluded that replacement of green grass by UTRS with a ratio of 50:50 for crossbred lactating cows is as good as feeding 100% green grass in terms of milk yield, body weight gain and feed conversion. UTRS can preferably replace green grass in daily rations for crossbred dairy cows in winter to cope with the shortage of green grass, with the ratio 1:1.

Keywords

References

  1. AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. $15_{th}$ Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
  2. Bhaskar, B. V., A. S. Rao and S. R. Sampath. 1992. Effect of feeding urea-treated rice straw on the yield and composition of milk from cross-bred cows. Int. J. Anim. Sci. 7:1:77-80.
  3. Broster, W. H. and C. Thomas. 1988. The influence of level and pattern of concentrate input on milk output. In: Recent Developments in Ruminant Nutrition 2 (Ed. Haresign and Cole). Butterworths & Co. (Publishers), Ltd., London, UK, 76-96.
  4. Chanthai, S., M. Wanapat and C. Wachirapakorn. 1987. Rumen ammonia N and volatile fatty acid concentrations in cattle and buffalo given rice straw based diets. In Ruminant feeding systems utilizing fibrous agricultural residues, 1988. International Development Program of Australian Universities and Colleges Ltd., Canberra, Australia, 191-195.
  5. Chowdhury, S. A., K. S. Huque and M. E. Haque. 1996. Straw preservation under wet condition during monsoon in Bangladesh: Effect of preserving wet straw with urea on its keeping quality and nutritive value in cattle when fed alone or supplement with concentrate. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 9:319-329.
  6. Dat, N. Q. 1998. Some breeding characteristics of crossbred daity cattle (Holstein Friesian ${\times}$ Local Yellow) raised in Ho Chi Minh City. Ph.D. Thesis. Institute of Agricultral Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
  7. Hai, N. V., L. V. Ly and L. H. Son. 1994. Effects of treatment by Urea, NaOH on chemical composition, degradability of rice straw in cattle. Paper presented at Annual National Scientific Conference, Hanoi, Vietnam, 6-8 July, 1994.
  8. Ibrahim, M. N. M., R. S. Ketelaar, S. Tamminga and G. Zemmelink. 1988. Degradation characteristics of untreated and urea-treated rice straw in the rumen. In: Ruminant feeding systems utilizing fibrous agricultural residues. 1988. International Development Program of Australian Universities and Colleges Ltd., Canberra, Australia. 123-126.
  9. Lap, L. T. 1996. Study on nutrient requirements of crossbred (Holstein Friesian ${\times}$ Local) dairy cows. Ph.D. Thesis. National Institute of Animal Husbandry, Hanoi, Vietnam.
  10. Ly, L. V. 1975. Volatile fatty acids in the rumen and composition of fatty acids in cattle milk. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. 162:909-912.
  11. Malossini, F., M. Pinosa, M. Valentinotti and S. Bovolenta. 1990. Effect of feeding level on milk production and composition. Zootecnica e Nutrizione Animale 16:197-206.
  12. Man, N. V. and H. Wiktorsson. 2001. The effect of replacing grass with urea treated fresh rice straw in dairy cow diet. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 14:1090-1097. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2001.1090
  13. MINITAB for Windows. 1998. MINITAB release 12.21, Minitab Inc., 3081 Enterprise Drive, State College, PA 16801-3008, 814-238-3280, USA.
  14. Moran, J. B. and D. E. Croke. 1993. Maize silage for the pasturefed dairy cow. 5. A comparison with wheat while grazing low quality perennial pastures in the summer. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. 33:541-549. https://doi.org/10.1071/EA9930541
  15. National Institute of Animal Husbandry. 1995. Composition and Nutritive Value of Animal Feeds in Vietnam. Agricultural Publishing House, Hanoi, Vietnam.
  16. National Research Council. 1988. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. Sixth Revised Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
  17. Sanh, M. V., H. Wiktorsson and L. V. Ly. 2001. Effect of feeding level on milk production, body weight change, feed conversion and postpartum oestrus of crossbred lactating cows. (submitted)
  18. Tuan, B. Q. 2000. Effects of Protein and concentrate levels on rumen digestion and milk production of crossbed dairy cattle in Hanoi. Ph.D. Thesis. Hanoi University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.
  19. u, D. D., D. V. Cai, N. N. Tan, P. T. L. Dung and P. V. Thanh. 1999. Effect of feeds and ration on rumen environment and digestibility of dairy cows. Paper presented at Annual National Scientific Conference, Hue, Vietnam, 28-30 June, 1999.
  20. Wanapat, M., 1999. Feeding of ruminants in the Tropics based on local feed resources. (Ed. M. Wanapat). Department of Animal Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
  21. Wanapat, M., S. Chumpawadee and P. Paengkoum. 2000. Utilization of urea-treated rice straw and whole sugar cane crop as roughage sources for dairy cattle during the dry season. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 13(4):474-477. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2000.474

Cited by

  1. Urea treated maize straw for small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of Central Mexico vol.41, pp.7, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-009-9337-4
  2. Fresh Rice Straw Silage Affected by Ensiling Additives and Durations and its Utilisation in Beef Cattle Diets vol.14, pp.1, 2002, https://doi.org/10.3923/ajas.2020.16.24