Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
권호 표지

Genetic Algorithms for Optimal Augmentation of Water Distribution Networks

유전자 알고리즘을 이용한 배수관망의 최적 확장 설계

  • 이승철 (동국대학교 토목환경공학과) ;
  • 이상일 (동국대학교 토목환경공학과)
  • Published : 2001.10.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

A methodology is developed for designing the minimum-cost water distribution network. The method is based on network simulations and an optimization scheme using genetic algorithms. Being a stochastic optimization scheme, genetic algorithms have advantages over the conventional search algorithms in solving network problems known for their nonlinearities and herculean computational costs. While existing methods focus on the design of either entirely new or parallel augmentation of network systems, the proposed method can be applied to problems having both new branches of tree-type and paralle augmentation in loops. The applicability of the method was shown through a case study for Baekryeon water supply system. The optimized design resulted in the maximum 5.37% savings compared to the conventional design without optimization, while meeting the hydraulic constraints.

관망해석 시뮬레이션과 유전자 알고리즘에 기초한 최적화 모형을 이용하여 최소비용의 배수관망을 설계하는 방법론이 개발되었다. 유전자 알고리즘은 추계학적 최적화 기법의 하나로, 비선형적이고 계산량이 많은 관망설계 문제에 적용하기에 적합한 장점을 가지고 있다. 기존의 연구가 대부분 전체 관망의 신설 혹은 기존 관망의 병렬확장에만 적용하던 것에 비해 본 연구에서는 개발된 모형을 수지상(tree-type) 신설관 및 loop형 병렬증설관이 공존하는 시스템에 적용하였다. 개발된 모형을 백련 배수관로를 대상으로 적용한 결과, 수리학적 제약조건을 만족시키면서 사업비를 최대 5.37% 절감할 수 있는 설계를 제공하는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. 김정환, 김태균, 김중훈, 윤용남 (1994). '비선형계획법을 이용한 상수도 관망설계에 관한 연구', 한국수문학회지, 한국수문학회, 제27권, 제4호, pp.59-67
  2. 박영수, 김중훈, 김종우 (1998). '유전자 알고리즘을 이용한 관망시스템의 최적비용설계,' 한국수자원학회지, 한국수자원학회, 제32권, 제1호, pp.71-81
  3. 서울특별시 (1992). 백련(연희) 배수지 실시설계보고서, pp.31-148
  4. 전환돈, 김태균, 김중훈, 윤용남 (1994). '선형계획법을 이용한 분기형 관망 시스템의 최적설계', 한국수문학회, 제27권 제3호, pp.135-143
  5. Alperovits, A, and Shamir, U. (1977). 'Design of optimal water distribution systems.'Water Resources Research, Vol. 13, No.6, pp. 885-900
  6. Amadiou, O. and Parisot, C. (1997). 'Advanced genetic algorithms in fortran90', http://www.essi.fr/~parisot/GA200/ga/html
  7. Brooke, A, Kendrick, D., Meeraus, A (1988). CAMS : a user's guide, The Scientific Press, Redwood City, Calif
  8. Duan, N., Mays, L. W., and Lansey, K. E. (1990). 'Optimal reliability-based design of pumping and distribution systems.' J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, Vol. 116, No.2, pp, 249-268
  9. El-Bahrawy, A, and Smith, A A (1985). 'Application of MINOS to water collection and distribution networks.' Civ. Engrg. Systems, Vol 2, pp. 38-49
  10. El-Bahrawy, A, and Smith, A. A. (1987). 'A methodology for optimal design of pipe distribution networks.' Can. J of Civ. Engrg., Vol 14, pp. 207-215
  11. Fowler, A. J. (1990). Water. Municipal Hydraulics, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
  12. Fujiwara, O., and Khang, D. B. (1990). 'A two-phase decomposition method for optimal design of looped water distribution networks.' Water Resources Research, Vol. 26, No.4, pp, 539-549 https://doi.org/10.1029/89WR02879
  13. Gessler, J. (1985). 'Pipe network optimization by enumeration' Proc, Computer Applications for Water Resources, ASCE, New York, N. Y, pp, 572-531
  14. Goldberg, D. E. (1983). Compuier-aided gas pipeline operation using genetic algolithms and rule learning: Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Michigan
  15. Goldberg, D. E., and Kuo, C. H. (1987). 'Genetic algorithms in pipeline optimization.' J. Computing in Civ. Engrg., ASCE, Vol. 1, No.2, pp. 128-141
  16. Goldberg, D. E., and Koza, J. R. (1990). 'Genetic algorithms in search, optimization and machine learning.' Workshop Notes, Computer Science Department, Stanford University, August pp. 6-10
  17. Goulter, I. C. and Morgan, D. R. (1985). 'An integrated approach to the layout and design of water distribution networks.' Civ. Engrg. System, Vol 2, No.2, pp, 104-113
  18. Gupta, I., Gupta, A. and Khanna, P. (1999). 'Genetic algorithm for optimization of water distribution systems.' Environmental Modeling & Software, Vol. 14, pp. 437-446 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-8152(98)00089-9
  19. Hoiland, J.H. (]975). Adaptatim in natural and artificial systems. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Mich
  20. Lansey, K. E., and Mays, L. W. (1989). 'Optimization model for water distribution system design.' J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, Vol. 115, No. 10, pp, 1401-1418
  21. Lariscy, K. E., Duan, N., Mays, L. W., and Tung, Y. K. (1989). 'Water distribution system under uncertainties.' J. Water Resources PIng. and Mgrnt., ASCE, Vol. 115, No.5, pp, 630-644
  22. Liebman, J. S., Lasdon, L., Schrage, L., and Waren, A. (1986). Modeling and optimization with GINO. The Scientific Press, Palo Alto, Calif
  23. Loubser, B. F., and Gessler, J. (1990). 'Computeraided optimization of water distribution networks.' The Civ. Engrg. in South Africa, (Oct.), pp.413-422
  24. Montesinos, P., Garcia-Guzrran, A., and Ayuso, J.A. (1999). 'Water distribution network optimization using a modified genetic algorithm,' Water Resources Research, Vol. 35, No. 11, pp. 3467-3473 https://doi.org/10.1029/1999WR900167
  25. Morley, M.S., Atkinson, R. M., Savio, D. A., and Walters, G. A. (2001). 'GAnet: genetic algorithm platform for pipe network optimisation.' Adv. in Engrg. Software, Vol. 32, pp. 467-475 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0965-9978(00)00107-1
  26. Murphy, L. J. and Simpson, A. R. (1992). 'Pipe optimization using genetic algorithms.' Res. Rep. No. R93, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Adelaide, Australia
  27. Murtagh, B. A. and Saunders, M. A. (1987). MINOS 5.1 User's guide. Systems Optimization Laboratory, Dept. of Operations Research, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif
  28. Olde, M. (1985). WATSYS user's manual. HCP Pty Ltd., Sydney, Australia
  29. Parker, R. D., and Rardin, R. L. (1988). Disctete optimizations, Academic Press, Inc Ltd.
  30. Quindry, G. E., Brill, E. D. and Liebman, J. C. (1981). 'Optimization of looped water distribution systems,' J. Envir. Engrg., ASCE, Vol.107, No.4, pp.665-679
  31. Su, Y. C., Mays, L.,W., Duan, N. and Lansey, K. E. (1987). 'Reliability-based optimization model for water distribution systems,' J. Hydr. Engrg., Vol.114, No.12, pp.1539-1556
  32. Templeman, A. B., G. E. Quindry, E. D. Brill and J. C. Liebman (1982). 'Discussion of optimization of looped water distribution systems,' J. Envir. Engrg., Vol.108, No. EE3, pp.599-602
  33. Wood, D. J. (1980). User's manual computer analysis of flow in pipe networks including extended period simulations, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.
  34. Walters, G. A. and Lohbeck, T. (1993). 'Optimal layout of tree networks using genetic algorithms,' Engrg. Optimization, Vol.22, No.1, pp. 27-48 https://doi.org/10.1080/03052159308941324
  35. Yates, D. F., Templeman, A. B. and Boffey, T. B. (1984). 'The computational complexity of the problem of determining least capital cost designs for water supply networks,' Engrg. Optimization, Vol.7, No.2, pp.142-155 https://doi.org/10.1080/03052158408960635